Oneirology

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Oneirology is the scientific study of dreams. The term comes from the Greek oneiro which means dream.

The first recorded use of the word was in 1953 and its study gained new impetus with the discovery by Nathaniel Kleitman and his student Eugene Aserinsky in 1955 of regular cycles in human sleep, in the sleep laboratory at the University of Chicago.

A further experiment by Kleitman and William C. Dement, then another medical student, demonstrated the particular period of sleep in which electrical brain activity as measured by an electroencephalograph (EEG) closely resembled that of waking as the eyes darted about actively. This kind of sleep became known as REM sleep, and Kleitman and Dement's experiment found a correlation of 0.80 between REM sleep and dreaming.

The independent and almost simultaneous confirmation of lucid dreaming by Stephen LaBerge and Keith Hearne has allowed for many different types of further experiments and developments.

[edit] Further reading

• Aserinsky, E. and N. Kleitman. 1953. “Regularly Occurring Periods of Eye Motility and Concomitant Phenomena during Sleep.” Science 118: 273-274.
• Dement, W.C. and N. Kleitman. 1957. “The Relation of Eye Movements during Sleep to Dream Activity: An Objective Method for the Study of Dreaming.” Journal of Experimental Pscyhology 53: 339-346.
• Domhoff, G. William. 2003. The Scientific Study of Dreams. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Gackenbach, Jayne and Stephen LaBerge, Eds. 1988. Conscious Mind, Sleeping Brain. New York: Plenum Press.
• Hadfield, J. A. 1969. Dreams and Nightmares. Middlesex, England: Penguin Books.
• Hobson, J. Allan. The Dreaming Brain. New York: Basic Books, Inc., Publishers.
• Kramer, Milton, Ed. Dream Psychology and the New Biology of Dreaming. Springfiled, Illinois: Thomas Books.
• LaBerge, Stephen. 1985. Lucid Dreaming. New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher Inc.
• Oswald, Ian. 1972. Sleep. Middlesex, England: Penguin Books.
• Van de Castle, Robert L. Our Dreaming Mind. New York: Ballantine Books.