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The Royal Canadian Mint produces all of Canada's circulation coins, and manufactures circulation coins on behalf of other nations. The Mint designs and manufactures: collector coins; gold, silver and platinum bullion coins; customized medals, tokens and trade dollars; and watches and jewellery featuring coin designs. It also offers gold and silver refinery and assay services.

The President and Master of the Mint is the senior executive officer of the organization. The Mint operates under the legislative basis of the Royal Canadian Mint Act. Among the Mint's technical innovations are its plating process, and the world's first coloured circulation coin, the 2004 Remembrance Day 25 cent piece. Further innovation was achieved with the adaptation of the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) technology to coat its dies, extending the life of the die beyond that of past chrome coated dies.