Norinco
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The China North Industries Corporation (Chinese: 北方工业; pinyin: Běi Fāng Gōng Yè; literally "North Industries"), official English name Norinco, manufactures vehicles (trucks, cars and motorcycles), machinery, optical-electronic products, oil field equipment, chemicals, light industrial products, explosives and blast materials, civil and military firearms and ammunition, etc. It also does domestic civil construction projects.
Norinco is also known outside of China for its high-tech defense products, some of which are adaptations of Soviet equipment. Norinco produces precision strike systems, amphibious assault weapons and equipment, long-range suppression weapon systems, anti-aircraft & anti-missile systems, information & night vision products, high-effect destruction systems, fuel air bombs, anti-terrorism & anti-riot equipment and small arms.
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[edit] History
Norinco was established in 1980 with the approval of the State Council of China, and is overseen by the Commission on Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND). According to the congressional testimony of Gary Milhollin of the Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms Control in 1997, Norinco subsidiaries in the U.S. include: Beta Chemical, Beta First, Beta Lighting, Beta Unitex, China Sports (California), Forte Lighting, Larin, NIC International (New Jersey). [1][2]
[edit] Controversies in the United States
In 1994, some employees of Norinco came under federal investigation from both the FBI as well as the BATF after a successful sting dubbed “Operation Dragon Fire.” In May of 1996, in what was called "the largest seizure of fully operational automatic weapons in U.S. history, 14 individuals and an Atlanta, Georgia company were indicted for the unlicensed importation and sale of 2000 AK-47's into the United States. U.S. Customs agents posing as arms traffickers convinced a group of Chinese arms dealers, including three Norinco representatives, that they were in the market to buy guns for drug rings and street gangs. [3]. "The defendants offered the government undercover agents more sophisticated weapons, including hand-held rocket launchers, mortars, anti-aircraft missiles, silenced machine guns and even tanks," said Wayne Yamashita of the U.S. Customs Service. [4]. It was discovered during the investigation that these weapons were bound for Oakland street gangs [5]. According to an affidavit signed by two of the undercover agents involved in the investigation, representatives from Norinco offered to sell urban gangs shoulder-held missile launchers capable of downing a large commercial airliner.
In August, 2003, the Bush administration imposed sanctions on Norinco for allegedly selling missile-related goods to Iran. [6]. While not formally joining the multinational effort to restrict the proliferation of missiles, China did commit in 2000 not to assist in any way the development by other countries of MTCR-class missiles. Neither the Chinese government nor Norinco has denied doing business with Iranian companies, although they deny that it was for missile related purposes at the Shahid Hemmat Industrial Group, Iran’s key manufacturer of ballistic and non ballistic missiles. [7][8]. [9] [10]. Norinco has called the sanctions “groundless and unjustified” and “entirely unreasonable.” [11] [12]
[edit] Current Projects
In May of 2004, Norinco won the contract to build Tehran Subway Line 4 with Tehran Railway Company in Iran. The total amount of this contract is over 800 million (U.S. dollars) and is China's biggest international project contract to date. The project is estimated to take up to six years to complete.
[edit] Weapons manufactured by Norinco
- QBZ-95, an assault rifle
- QBB 95, a squad automatic weapon version of the QBZ-95
- ZM-87, a portable laser disturber
- M1A Rifle, a civilian version of the M14 rifle
- CQ, a clone of the Colt M-16A1
- Winchester Model 1887, a lever-action shotgun
- NZ-75, a clone of the CZ 75
- NDM-86, a version of the Dragunov Sniper Rifle that fires .308 Win. ammo
- 23-2K, a version of the Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23
- Norinco HP9-1, shotgun
- Norinco YL-1887L lever-action shotgun (reproduced the Winchester Model 1887/1901 modell, which was used in Terminator 2 (by Arnold Schwarzenegger), and the The Mummy Returns by Brendan Fraser)
- Norinco Type 63 Light Amphibious Tank
- Type 99 MBT
