Music of Sardinia
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Sardinia is probably the most culturally distinct of all the regions in Italy and, musically, is best-known for the tenores polyphonic chant, sacred songs called gozos and launeddas, a type of triple clarinet.
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[edit] Launeddas
Launeddas are used to play a complex style of music that has achieved some international attention, especially Dionigi Burranca, Antonio Lara, Luigi Lai and Efisio Melis; Burranca, like many of the most famous launedda musicians, is from Samatzai in Cagliari. An ancient instrument, dating back to at least the 8th century BC, launeddas are still played during religious ceremonies and dances (su ballu). Distinctively, they are played using extensive variations on a few melodic phrases, and a single song can last over an hour. Traditional guitar music is also found in Sardinia, represented by performers like Nino Cau; this genre is especially well-known in the northwest region of Sassari. Traditional dances include tundu, passu torrau, durdurinu, dillu, logudoresa, arroxiada, passu e trese, and campidanesa
Aside from the launeddas, traditional isntruments include benas, organittu, ghitterra, tamburrinos.
[edit] Polyphonic singing
Rural polyphonic chanting known as canto a tenore is related to Corsican music and is sung with four vocal parts. They are bassu (bass), mesa boghe (middle), contra (counter) and boghe (leader and soloist). The most popular group is Tenores di Bitti, and others include Tenores de Oniferi.
Sacred gozos, or sacred songs, can be heard during religious celebrations, sung by choruses like Su Cuncordu 'e su Rosariu.
Other influential Sardinian musicians include Totore Chessa (organetto), Maria Carta (singer), 1930s launedda legend Efisio Melis, Maria Carta, Mauro Palmas, Elena Ledda of Sonos and Suonofficina, Cordas et Cannas, Paolo Fresu (trumpet) and Gesuino Deiana (guitar).
In November 2005 The A Tenore vocal style of the Sardinian pastoral culture was proclaimed a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.
[edit] Musical and theatrical facilities
The modern Teatro Comunale of Cagliari is home to the permanent Choir and Orchestra of the Opera and Concert Association of Cagliari and seat of the Cagliari Opera Foundation. As well, there is an Roman amphitheater in Cagliari that is used for outdoor summer concerts and festivals. The city is the site of Palestrina music conservatory.
The town of Tadasuni is the site of one of the interesting Giovanni Dore museum, a collection of 400 traditional Sardinian folk instruments. The Ente Musicale di Nuoro was founded in 1987 and, among other activities, sponsors the annual Nuoro Jazz Festival directed by trumpeter Paolo Fresu. Sassari is the site of the Luigi Canepa music conservatory and the Teatro Verdi, built in 1884.
[edit] References
- Surian, Alessio. "Tenores and Tarantellas". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East, pp. 189 - 201
- Guide Cultura, i luoghi della music (2003), ed. Touring Club Italiano.
