Museum of the History of Science, Oxford
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The Museum of the History of Science, located in Broad Street, Oxford, is home to a collection of historic scientific instruments and is the world's oldest surviving purpose-built museum building.
The current collection contains around 15,000 objects from antiquity to the early 20th century, representing almost all aspects of the history of science and is used for both academic study and enjoyment by the visiting public. The museum contains a wide range of scientific instruments, such as quadrants, astrolabes, sundials, early mathematical instruments (used for calculating, astronomy, navigation, surveying and drawing), optical instruments (microscopes, telescopes and cameras), equipment associated with chemistry, natural philosophy and medicine, and a reference library regarding the history of scientific instruments that includes manuscripts, incunabula, prints and printed ephemera, and early photographic items.
Built in 1683 to house Elias Ashmole's collection, the museum building became known as the Old Ashmolean Building (to distinguish it from the Ashmolean Museum) and was the world's first museum to open to the public. The original concept of the museum was to institutionalize the new learning about nature that appeared in the 17th century and experiments concerning philosophy were undertaken in a chemical laboratory in the basement, while lectures and demonstration took place in the School of Natural History, on the middle floor. Ashmole's collection was expanded to include a broad range of activities associated with the history of natural knowledge and in 1924 the gift of Lewis Evans's collection allowed the museum further improvement, becoming the Museum of the History of Science and appointing Robert Gunther as its first curator.
The collection and the building itself now occupies a special position in the study of the history of science and in the development of western culture and collecting. One of the most iconic objects in the collection is a blackboard that Albert Einstein used on 16 May 1931 during his lectures while visiting Oxford, rescued by E. J. Bowen at the end of the lecture.
Admission is free and is open to the general public from noon until 4 p.m., Tuesday to Saturday, and from 2 p.m. until 5 p.m. on Sundays. (The museum closes for the Christmas and New Year period.)
[edit] See also
- Jim Bennett, the museum's Keeper
- Whipple Museum of the History of Science, the equivalent institution at the University of Cambridge
