Portal:Molecular and Cellular Biology
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Welcome to the Molecular and Cellular Biology portal. Molecular biology is the study of biology at the molecular level. The field overlaps with other areas of biology and chemistry, particularly genetics and biochemistry. Cell biology studies the properties of cells including their physiological properties, their structure, the organelles they contain, interactions with their environment, their life cycle, division and death. Molecular and cellular biology are interrelated, since most of the properties and functions of a cell can be described at the molecular level.
Molecular and Cellular Biology encompass many biological fields including: Biotechnology, Developmental Biology, Genetics and Microbiology.
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. accelerate) chemical reactions. Enzymes are biochemical catalysts. In these reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates, and the enzyme converts these into different molecules, the products. Almost all processes in the cell need enzymes in order to occur at significant rates. Since enzymes are extremely selective for their substrates and speed up only a few reactions from among many possibilities, the set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell.
Endothelial cells under the microscope, stained to highlight its cytoskeleton. Nuclei are stained blue with DAPI, Microtubules are marked green by a FITC-conjugated antibody and actin filaments are labeled red with phalloidin
Robert Hooke, FRS (July 18, 1635 – March 3, 1703) was an English polymath who played an important role in the scientific revolution, through both experimental and theoretical work.
In 1660, he discovered Hooke's law of elasticity, which describes the linear variation of tension with extension in an elastic spring. In 1662, Hooke gained appointment as Curator of Experiments to the newly founded Royal Society, and took responsibility for experiments performed at its meetings.
In 1665 he published a book entitled Micrographia, which contained a number of microscopic and telescopic observations, and some original biology. Indeed, Hooke coined the biological term cell -- so called because his observations of plant cells reminded him of monks' cells which were called "cellula". The hand-crafted, leather and gold-tooled microscope Hooke used to make these observations for "Micrographia," is on display at the National Museum of Health and Medicine in Washington, DC.
- ...that the cytoskeleton of a cell acts like a tensegrity model [1], such that a cell can resist shear, compression and tension.
- ...that eggs laid by the Ostrich can weigh 1.3 kg and the contained yolk is the largest single cell of any organism?
- ...that Red blood cells have an average life span of 120 days?
- ...that Robert Hooke coined the biological term cell -- so called because his observations of plant cells reminded him of monks' cells which were called "cellula"?
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Molecular and Cellular Biology
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- 2006-11-2 Science Daily Red Wine Molecule Extends Lifespan Of Fat Mice Lives By Reversing Obesity-Related Gene Pathways more...
- 2006-11-1 Science Daily Researchers at the University of Warwick are examining a way of using bacteria to manufacture a new suite of potential anti-cancer drugs that are difficult to create synthetically on a lab bench.more...
- 2006-11-1 Science Daily The discoverers of the unique mouse line that is resistant to cancer have begun to pin down how the process works and found that white blood cells in these mice overwhelm normal defenses of cancer cells. more...
It cannot be too frequently emphasized that the behavior of any animal must depend upon on the nature of the stimulus which it meets, its anatomic and physiologic capacities, and its background of previous experience. Unless it has been conditioned by previous experience, an animal should respond identically to identical stumuli, whether they emanate from some part of its own body, from another individual of the same sex, or from an individual of the opposite sex.
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