Milton Wright (Bishop)
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Milton Wright (b. 17 November 1828, d. 3 April 1917) was the father of aviation pioneers Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright, and a Bishop of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ.
He served as an educator, a minister, and later, a bishop in the Church of the United Brethren in Christ.
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[edit] The Wright Family
- Father: Dan Wright
- Mother: Catherine Wright née Reeder
- Spouse: Susan Catharine Wright née Koerner married 1859 (b. 1831, d. 4 July 1889)
- Children:
- Reuchlin Wright (b. 1861 near Fairmont, Indiana, d. 1920 Kansas)
- Lorin Wright (b. 1862 Orange Township, Indiana, d. 1939)
- Wilbur Wright (b. 16 April 1867 near Millville, Indiana, d. 30 May 1912 Dayton, Ohio)
- Otis Wright (b. 1870 Dayton, Ohio, d. 1870 Dayton, Ohio)
- Ida Wright (b. 1870 Dayton, Ohio, d. 1870 Dayton, Ohio)
- Orville Wright (19 August 1871 Dayton, Ohio, d. 30 January 1948 Dayton, Ohio)
- Katharine Wright (b. 19 August 1874 Dayton, Ohio, d. 3 March 1929)
[edit] Early life
Wright was born on the Indiana frontier, in Rush County.
He attended Hartsville College, and graduated in 1853.
[edit] Marriage
Milton met Susan at Hartesville College in 1853, where he was appointed supervisor of the preparatory department and she was a literature student. They married in 1859, when he was almost 31 and she was 28. Both shared a love of learning for the sake of learning. Their home had two libraries — the first consisted of books on theology, the second was a large, varied collection. Looking back on his childhood, Orville once commented that he and his brother had “special advantages...we were lucky enough to grow up in a home environment where there was always much encouragement to children to pursue intellectual interests; to investigate whatever aroused their curiosity.”
[edit] Children
Susan and Milton had seven children. Four sons and one daughter survived past infancy. Their first son, Reuchlin, was born in a log cabin in 1861 near Fairmont, Indiana. The second son, Lorin, was born in 1862 in Orange Township, Fayette County, Indiana. Wilbur, the third son, was born in 1867 near Millville, Indiana. In 1871, the family moved to Dayton, Ohio, where Susan gave birth to her fourth and fifth children, twins Otis and Ida, who died soon after birth. Orville, the sixth child, was born in Dayton, Ohio, in 1871, and Katharine,the only surviving daughter, was born in 1874.
None of the Wright children had middle names. Instead, their father tried hard to give them distinctive first names. Wilbur was named for Wilbur Fiske and Orville for Orville Dewey, both clergymen that Milton Wright admired. They were "Will" and "Orv" to their friends, and "Ullam" and "Bubs" to each other. In Dayton, their neighbors knew them simply as the "Bishop's kids."
Because of Milton's position in the church, the Wrights moved frequently — twelve times before finally returning permanently to Dayton in 1884.
[edit] Church life
Milton joined the Church of the United Brethren in Christ in 1846 because of its stand on political and moral issues including slavery, alcohol, and "secret societies" such as Freemasonry.
From 1855 to 1856 he was pastor of the Church of the United Brethren in Indianapolis. He was ordained in 1856. He was pastor in Andersonville, Indiana from 1856 to 1857. Later that year, he went to Oregon as a missionary and to serve as pastor at Sublimity and first president of Sublimity College, a denominational institution. He left Sublimity in 1859, after which he served until 1869 as presiding elder and pastor in Hartsville, Indiana. From 1868 to 1869 he was professor of theology in Hartsville College.
In 1870, Milton became editor of the church newspaper, the Religious Telescope, a position that gave him prominence within the church and helped him get elected as a bishop in 1877.
Bishop Wright continued to advance in the church hierarchy, and in 1878, he assumed responsibility for the Western conferences of the church and moved his family to Cedar Rapids, Iowa. He traveled widely on church business, but always sent back many letters and often brought presents home. His gifts stimulated his children's curiosity and exposed them to a world beyond their immediate surroundings.
Westfield College, in Illinois, gave him the degree of D.D. in 1878.
By 1881, the leadership of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ was becoming more liberal. Milton Wright, a staunch conservative, failed to be re-elected to his Bishop's post. The Wrights moved back to Indiana, and Milton became a circuit preacher once again. He served as presiding elder in the White River conferene from 1881 to 1885. He also founded a monthly religious newspaper, The Star, for fellow conservatives in 1883.
As the liberals in his church began to press for change, Milton Wright sensed there would be a showdown with the conservatives. Wanting to get back into the fray, he decided to move back to Dayton, the political center of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, in 1884. It was the last time he would move his family.
Wright was once more elected Bishop in 1885. He was to spend the next four years serving the Pacific Coast district.
In 1889, Milton Wright broke with the liberal leadership of the church and started his own conservative sect, Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Old Constitution.
Wright took an important leadership role in the new organization. Since they were in the minority, they had to rebuild from scratch. Wright's sons Wilbur and Orville provided publishing services for the new organization until a publishing house could be established in Huntington, Indiana.
Wright also provided valuable support to Huntington College, established by the Old Constitution branch in 1897.
At the turn of the century, Wright was adamant about prosecuting the publishing house agent, Millard Keiter, who was accused of embezzling. Many members of the publishing board supported Keiter. Because of the controversy, Wright's home district, the White River Conference, voted to rescind his license as minister. The General Conference overruled the home conference in 1905, reinstating Wright. Keiter moved to Kentucky, where he was indicted for land fraud.
Milton Wright retired in 1905.
[edit] External links
- Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, edited by James Grant Wilson, John Fiske and Stanley L. Klos. Six volumes, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887-1889
- Huntington College Magazine
- NASA Reliving the Wright Way
- Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum The Wright Brothers
- US Centennial of Flight Commission — Wright Family
