Milk River (Montana-Alberta)
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The Milk River is a tributary of the Missouri River, 729 mi (1,173 km) long in the U.S. state of Montana and the Canadian province of Alberta.
It is formed in northwestern Montana, in Glacier County 21 mi (34 km) N of Browning, Montana by the confluence of the South and Middle forks. The South Fork (approximately 30 mi or 50 km long) and Middle Fork (approximately 20 mi or 30 km long) both rise in the Rocky Mountains just east of Glacier National Park, in the Blackfeet Indian Reservation. Much of the water in the North Fork is diverted from the St. Mary's River, through a canal and inverted siphon. The joined river flows ENE into southern Alberta, where it is joined by the North Fork of the Milk River, then east along the north side of the Sweetgrass Hills. It flows past the town of Milk River and Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park, then turns southeast into Montana, passing through Fresno Reservoir, then east past Havre and along the north side of the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation. Near Malta, it turns north, then southeast, flowing past Glasgow and joining the Missouri 12 mi (20 km) downstream from Fort Peck Dam.
The Milk is the northernmost major tributary of the Missouri, and thus represents the rough northern extent of the Mississippi watershed. The small area drained by the Milk River in southern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan is the only area in Canada that drains into the Gulf of Mexico.
The Milk river was given its name by Captain Meriwether Lewis, of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, who described the river in his journal:
- "the water of this river possesses a peculiar whiteness, being about the colour of a cup of tea with the admixture of a tablespoonfull of milk. from the colour of its water we called it Milk river."
This appearance results from rock flour suspended in its waters. These extremely fine-grained sediments are the result of glacial erosion at the Milk River's headwaters.
