Microbial population biology
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Microbial population biology is the application of the principles of population biology to microorganisms.
[edit] Introduction to microbial population biology
Microbial population biology, in practice, is the application of population ecology and population genetics toward understanding the ecology and evolution of bacteria, archaebacteria, microscopic fungi (such as yeasts), additional microscopic especially unicellular eukaryotes (e.g., "protozoa" and simpler algae), and viruses.
Microbial population biology also encompasses the evolution and ecology of community interactions (community ecology) between microorganisms, including microbial coevolution and predator-prey interactions. In addition, microbial population biology considers microbial interactions with more macroscopic oragnisms (e.g., host-parasite interactions), though more from the perspective of the microscopic rather than macroscopic organism. A good deal of microbial population biology may be described instead as microbial evolutionary ecology. On the other hand, typically microbial population biologists (unlike microbial ecologists) are less concerned with questions of the role of microoragnisms in ecosystem ecology, which is the study of nutrient cycling and energy movement within and between ecosystems.
Microbial population biology can include aspects of molecular evolution or phylogenetics, though strictly these emphases should be restricted toward understanding issues of microbial evolution and ecology rather than as means of understanding more universal truths applicable to both microscopic and macroscopic organisms. The microorganisms in such endeavors consequently should be recognized as organisms rather than simply as molecular or evolutionary redunctionist model systems. Thus, the study of RNA in vitro evolution is not microbial population biology and nor is the in silico generation of phylogenies of otherwise non-microbial sequences, even if aspects of either may in some (especially unintentional) manner be analogous to evolution in actual microbial populations.
Microbial population biology can (and often does) involve the testing of more-general ecological and evolutionary hypotheses. Again, it is important to retain some emphasis on the microbe since at some point this "question-driven" microbial population biology becomes instead population biology using microorganisms. Because the point of departure of these potentially disparate emphases can be somewhat arbitrary, there exist vague and not universally accepted delimits around what should and should not constitute microbial population biology.
[edit] Microbial Population Biology Gordon conference
A Microbial Population Biology Gordon conference is held every odd year, to date in New England (and usually in New Hampshire). This year's conference web page introduces the meetings as:
Microbial Population Biology covers a diverse range of cutting edge issues in the microbial sciences and beyond. Firmly founded in evolutionary biology and with a strongly integrative approach, past meetings have covered topics ranging from the dynamics and genetics of adaptation to the evolution of mutation rate, community ecology, evolutionary genomics, altruism, and epidemiology.
This meeting is never dull: some of the most significant and contentious issues in biology have been thrashed out here. We anticipate the 2007 meeting being no exception.
The final form of the 2007 meeting is yet to be decided, but the following topics are likely to be included: evolutionary emergence of infectious disease and antibiotic resistance, genetic architecture and implications for the evolution of microbial populations, ageing in bacteria, biogeography, evolution of symbioses, the role of microbes in ecosystem function, and ecological genomics.
The home page for Gordon Research Conferences can be found here: www.grc.org.
The next Microbial Population Biology Gordon conference is scheduled for July 22-27, 2007. See www.grc.org/programs/2007/micrpop.htm.
