Michael Hedges
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Michael Hedges (December 31, 1953 – December 2, 1997) was an American acoustic guitarist.
Hedges was a conservatory composition major who applied his classically trained musical background in combination with radical innovation to “reinvent” the steel-string acoustic guitar. He combined many unusual techniques on the acoustic guitar with a wide range of musical styles, and was also considered an extremely dynamic performer in concert - a "Paganini" of the guitar.
He is known for extensive use in several pieces of two handed tapping techniques (nearly a contrapuntal style of multiple voices). He used the fingers of his right (typically picking) hand to slap harmonic "chords" at the 12th, 7th or 5th fret (or elsewhere). He made use of right hand hammer-ons, particularly on bass notes, and often used the left hand for melodic or rhythmic hammer-ons and pull offs, as well as unusual strummings, that played, as mentioned, independent voices to the right hand. These techniques tended to convert the guitar into a quasi-keyboard like instrument for certain musical purposes. He also made extensive use of string dampening as employed in classical guitar, and was known to insist strongly on the precise duration of sounds and silences in his pieces. Other facets to his playing were percussive slapping on the guitar body and extensive use of artificial harmonics. He also played guitar-variants like the Harp Guitar (an instrument with additional bass strings that Hedges used to play Bach's Prelude to Cello Suite #1 in G Major in its intended key), and the Trans-Trem Guitar.
Hedges was discovered by William Ackerman who heard him performing in a Palo Alto cafe (the former Varsity Theater) and immediately signed him to a recording contract (1980). For several years Hedges toured and performed in concert with Ackerman. He also appeared on several of Ackerman's albums. In turn William Ackerman produced Hedge's first two albums.
The first two records Michael Hedges made - Breakfast in the Field and Aerial Boundaries - were milestones for the acoustic guitar. He then branched out into singing and performing more popular forms of music, although he would periodically make a return to more guitar-centred music. His record Oracle won the 1998 Grammy for Best New Age Album. Hedges was in fact quite a multi-instrumentalist, playing piano, percussion, tin whistle, harmonica, and flute, among others on his albums. Bassist Michael Manring contributed to many of Michael's records.
Many acoustic guitarists claim a very broad range of influences and will not fit into any genre, but this was truer of Hedges than of any other. His musical education was largely in modern 20th century composition. He listened to Leo Kottke, Martin Carthy, John Martyn, and the Beatles, but his approach to composition owed much to Stravinsky, Varèse, Webern, and Reich, in addition to experimental composers such as Morton Feldman. He saw himself as a composer who played guitar, rather than a guitarist who composed music. He was often categorized as New Age due to his association with the Windham Hill record label. Somewhat in reaction to this, he would describe his music as "Heavy Mental", "New Edge", ""Thrash Acoustic", "Deep Tissue Gladiator Guitar" or "Savage Myth Guitar," amongst other terms.
Hedges was killed in a car accident in 1997 at the age of 43. His unfinished last recordings were brought to completion in the album Torched, with the help of his friends David Crosby and Graham Nash.
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[edit] Quotations about Michael Hedges
“There is nobody on God’s green earth that plays the guitar like Michael Hedges.” - Steve Vai
“Before Michael, acoustic guitar went from about right there to over here somewhere. After Michael, it goes from near the rest of us, where he found it, to out the other side of the world where he set it down for just a little while.” - David Crosby
“Michael Hedges is the guitarist from another planet.” - William Ackerman
"In Michael's hands, a guitar was a living, breathing extension of his deepest parts. It's almost as if he got so inside its body that the instrument was reborn. His passion for creating those exquisite melodies and technique was as focused as it was abandoned. There was simply no one like him." - Bonnie Raitt
[edit] Quotations from Michael Hedges
“I’m not trying to play the guitar. I’m trying to play music.”
“I play the guitar because it lets me dream out loud.”
[edit] Guitar Tunings
Hedges wrote nearly exclusively in non-standard tunings for the guitar. His emphasis was on using the guitar for composition, not technique, and if a particular musical expression was more easily performed in a certain tuning, he would utilize that to enhance the playability of the composition. Tunings for some of his signature compositions include, from bass to treble: C2C3D3G3A3D4 on "Aerial Boundaries", C2G2D3G3B3C4 on "Rickover's Dream", D2A2D3G3A3D4 for "Ragamuffin", B1A2D3E3A3B3 for "The Rootwitch").
Here is a more extensive list of Michael Hedges guitar tunings complied by John Stropes, who worked directly with Hedges in transcribing much of his music:
- AADF#AA: Gospel, Tomorrow Never Knows
- AADGBD: The 2nd Law
- ABEF#AD: Hot Type
- AEBDEA: India
- BADEAB: If I Needed Someone, Scenes (On the Road to Shrub 2), The Rootwitch
- BADGAD: The Funky Avocado
- BbEbBbBbEbGb: Like a Rolling Stone
- BbFBbCFBb: Baal T'Shuvah
- BbFCEbFBb: I Carry Your Heart
- BF#C#DAD: After the Gold Rush, Dirge, Face Yourself, Menage a Trois
- BF#C#EAA: Pinball Wizard
- BF#C#F#F#B: Dream Beach
- BF#C#F#F#F#: Follow Through
- C#EBEEB: Gimme Shelter
- C#G#C#F#G#C: Sister Soul/Kemberly
- C#G#D#EG#D#: Theme from HATARI!
- CCDF#AD: She Drives Me Crazy
- CCDGAD: Aerial Boundaries
- CFCCGC: Shell Shock Venus
- CFCGAE: The Magic Farmer
- CGCFGB: Aura Muunta
- CGDDAE: Breakfast in the Field
- CGDGAA: Holiday
- CGDGAC: Bensusan (capo III)
- CGDGAD: I Want You
- CGDGBC: Rickover's Dream
- CGDGBD: Eleven Small Roaches
- CGDGCE: Spring Buds
- CGDGGG: A Love Bizarre, Nomad Land, Ready or Not
- CGEGBD: The Unexpected Visitor
- DACGCE: Layover
- DADDGB: Ursa Major
- DADEAB: The Jealous Tunnel/About Face, The Naked Stalk
- DADEBA: Woman of the World
- DADGAD: Peg Leg Speed King, Ragamuffin, The First Cutting
- DADGBB: I'm Coming Home
- DADGBD: Running Blind
- DADGBE: A Midwinter Night's Dream
- DADGCC: Ritual Dance, Watching My Life Go By
- DADGCD: Baby Toes
- DADGCE: Silent Anticipations
- DAEEAA: All Along the Watchtower
- DAEFAE: Oracle
- DAEGBB: Rikki's Shuffle
- DAEGCD: Java Man
- DbAbDbGbAbB: Jitterboogie
- DFCGAD: Ignition
- DGDDAD: Arrowhead
- DGDEAC#: Sofa No. 1
- DGDGBbC: Two Days Old
- DGDGGD: Come Together
- EADEAD: Communicate
- EADGAC: Road Music
- EADGBE (Standard): Point A, Point B
- EG#EF#BB: Out on the Parkway
- FADGBE: Lenono
- FAEGAD: Spare Change
- FGDGGD: The Streamlined Man
- GBEF#AD: The Happy Couple
- GFBbEbGC: You Can Have Anything You Want
- GBbCAD EADEAD (Harp Guitar): Because It’s There
- GF#BAD EADEAD (Harp Guitar): Chava’s Song
- GF#C#AD EADEAC# (Harp Guitar): The Double Planet
[edit] Discography
- Breakfast In The Field (1981)
- Aerial Boundaries (1984)
- Watching My Life Go By (1986)
- Live On The Double Planet (1987)
- Strings of Steel (1988)
- Taproot (1990)
- The Road To Return (1994)
- Oracle (1996)
- Torched (1999 - posthumous)
