Metabolist Movement

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(Metabolist School of Architecture)

In 1959 a group of Japanese architects and city planners joined forces under the name 'the Metabolists'. Their vision of a city of the future inhabited by a mass society was characterised by large scale, flexible and extendable structures that enable an organic growth process.

In their view the traditional laws of form and function were obsolete. They believed that the laws of space and functional transformation held the future for society and culture.

Famous projects included the floating city in the sea (Unabara project), K. Kikutake's tower city, the wall city, the agricultural city and the 'Helix City' by Kisho Kurokawa.

Japanese Metabolists

  • Living in a capsule (Akira Shibuya 1966, Youji Watanabe 1967, Kisho Kurokawa 1970-72)
  • Mega city planning for Tokyo (Kenzo Tange and Kisho Kikutake 1960)

Western Emulators

  • Habitat Montréal (Moshe Safdie 1967)
  • Funnel city 'Intrapolis' (Walter Jonas 1960)
  • Space city (Yona Friedman 1959-63)
  • Overbuilding the city of Ragnitz (Günther Domenig 1963-69)
  • Swimming Hotel Kairo (Justus Dahinden 1972)
  • Akro-Polis leisure city (Justus Dahinden 1974)
  • Leisure city Kiryat Ono near Tel Aviv (Justus Dahinden 1984)

The unity of pop and machine: Archigram

  • Plug-in-City, Living Pod and Capsule Tower (Peter Cook 1964-66)
  • Walking City and Instant City (Ron Herron 1964-70)
  • Trickling Towers and Layer City (Peter Cook 1978-82)
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