Merate

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Comune di Merate
Municipal coat of arms
Country	Italy
Region	Lombardia
Province	Lecco (LC)
Mayor	Giovanni Battista Albani (since June 14, 2004)

Elevation	292 m
Area	11 km²
Population
- Total (as of December 31, 2004)	14,359
- Density	1,279/km²
Time zone	CET, UTC+1
Coordinates	45°42′N 09°26′E
Gentilic	Meratesi
Dialing code	039
Postal code	23807
Frazioni	Brugarolo, Cassina Fra Martino, Pagnano-Cicognola, Sartirana
Patron	St. Ambrose
- Day	December 7
Website: www.comune.merate.lc.it

Merate is a municipality of 14,074 inhabitants in the province of Lecco, Lombardy (northern Italy).

The tower of Merate.

1 History
2 Main sights
3 The Astronomical Observatory
4 Twinned towns
5 Mayors of Merate from 1860 (from municipality website)
6 External links

[edit] History

The name Melatum appeared for the first time in the 4th Century; it may be derived from the Greek for black/gloomy/dark because of the presence of woods, or from the Italian for apple (mela): an important fruit from the region.

During the fighting between the Torriani and the Visconti families for the supremacy of Milan, Merate (in particular the castle) suffered considerable damage. It recovered during the 17th Century after being decimated by the plague; finally becoming one of the richest towns of the region, after Lecco.

At the beginning of the 16th Century an academic institute was constructed: at the end of the 18th Century the young writer/poet Alessandro Manzoni studied at this school, and after his death the school took on his name.

After the unification of Italy Merate grew as an industrial centre with the development of the banking and textile industries. At the end of the 19th Century it became one of the first Italian towns to have electricity, gas and piped drinking water.

The interwar period saw considerable development of the mechanical and textile industries.

In 1926 the astronomical observatory was constructed, and in the same year the municipality was enlarged, incorporating many neighbouring communities.

Industry continued to increase after the Second World War. The population passed to 9,000 inhabitants in 1951, and is 14,000 today.

[edit] Main sights

Palazzo Prinetti (18th century), with a high cylindrical tower
Villa Confalonieri (late 19th century)
Villa Gaslini
Villa Belvedere
Villa "Il Mombello"
Villa "Il Subaglio"
The Santctuary of Madonna del Bosco (17th century), housing a Deposition by Domenico Campi.

[edit] The Astronomical Observatory

Starting from the end 19th Century light pollution from Milan disturbed the activities of the Brera astronomical observatory. However, the idea to construct a new observatory outside the City was not realized until the 1920s with the acquisition of the villa San Rocco: this used to be a Capuchin monastery before becoming a private villa and then a psychiatric clinic following the First World War.

Today Brianza is one of the most densely populated regions of Italy and the light pollution is considerable. Nonetheless, the observatory is still used for research activities (leader in the production of X-Ray optics), as well as course- and thesis-work for the students of Milan University.