Mauna Kea Observatory

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

**Mauna Kea Observatory**
Telescopes
The summit of Mauna Kea is managed by the University of Hawai'i's Institute for Astronomy. Mauna Kea is both a sacred and historical site in the Hawaiian culture and one of the most important land-based astronomy sites in the world. The location is ideal because of its dark skies, good astronomical seeing, low humidity, clean air, good weather and almost equatorial location.
Organization	University of Hawai'i Institute for Astronomy
Location	Mauna Kea, Hawai'i, USA
Coordinates	19° 45' 32.4"N, 155° 27' 22.8"W
Altitude	4205m (13,800ft)
Weather	(# of clear nights, humidity)
Webpage	http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/mko/
CSO	10.4m submillimeter
CFHT	3.58m Cassegrain
Gemini North	8.1m Cassegrain
IRTF	3.0m infrared
JCMT	15m submillimeter
Subaru	8.2m optical
SMA	8 6m arrayed radio telescopes
UKIRT	3.8m infrared
VLBA receiver	25m radio telescope
W. M. Keck Observatory	2 10m optical/near infrared

Seal of the University of Hawai'i System

The Observatories at Mauna Kea are an independent collection of the world's premier astronomical research facilities, located on the summit of Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawai'i, USA. The facilities are located in a 500-acre special land use zone known as the "Astronomy Precinct," which is located in the Mauna Kea Science Reserve. The Astronomy Precinct was established in 1967. The University of Hawai'i manages the site and leases land to several multi-national facilities which have invested more than $2 billion dollars in science and technology. The Astronomy Precinct is located on land protected by the Historial Preservation Act for its significance to Hawaiian culture. The Hawaiian creation chant tells the story of Mauna Kea as progenitor of the Hawaiian people. The altitude and isolation in the middle of the Pacific Ocean makes Mauna Kea one of the best locations on earth for ground-based astronomy. It is an ideal location for submillimeter, infrared and optical observations. The seeing statistics show that Mauna Kea is the best site in terms of optical and infrared image quality -- for example the CFHT site has a median seeing of 0.43 arcseconds.

The accommodation for research astronomers are located below the summit at 9300 feet (2835 meters) above sea level, and a visitor information station is located at 9200 feet (2775 meters). The summit of Mauna Kea is so high that scientists and other visitors are advised to stay at the lower level for 30 minutes to acclimate to atmospheric conditions before reaching the summit.

1 Telescopes
2 2006 Hawaii earthquake
3 See also
4 External links

[edit] Telescopes

Telescopes found at the summit of Mauna Kea are funded by government agencies of various nations. The University of Hawai'i itself directly administers two telescopes. In total there are 12 telescopes at or around the summit of Mauna Kea.

Gemini North telescope is administered by scientists from United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Chile, Australia, Argentina, Brazil.

Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO): Caltech
Canada France Hawai'i Telescope (CFHT): Canada, France, University of Hawai'i
Gemini North Telescope: United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Chile, Australia, Argentina, Brazil
Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF): NASA
James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT): United Kingdom, Canada, Netherlands
Subaru Telescope: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA): Taiwan, United States
United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT): United Kingdom
University of Hawai'i 88-inch telescope (UH88): University of Hawai'i
University of Hawai'i 24-inch telescope (UH24): University of Hawaii at Hilo
One receiver of the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA): United States
W. M. Keck Observatory: California Association for Research in Astronomy

The Subaru Telescope and the Keck I Telescope Dome.

The Subaru Telescope, the Keck I and II Telescopes, and the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility.

[edit] 2006 Hawaii earthquake

A number of the telescopes sustained minor damage during the 15 October 2006 Hawaii earthquake and aftershocks, primarily Kecks 1 and 2, and the CFHT.[1] The CFHT was operational and back online as of 19 October[2], however the Kecks remain under repair.[3]