Massy
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- For other uses, see Massy (disambiguation).
| Commune of Massy | |
| Administration | |
|---|---|
| Country | France |
| Région | Île-de-France |
| Département | Essonne |
| Arrondissement | Palaiseau |
| Intercommunality | none as of 2005 |
| Statistics | |
| Land area¹ | 9.43 km² |
| Population² (July 1, 2004 estimate) (March 8, 1999 census) |
40,900 37,712 |
| - Density (2004) | 4,337/km² |
| ¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq. mi. or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
| ² Population sans doubles comptes: single count of residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel). | |
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Massy is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 14.7 kilometers (9.1 mi) from the center of Paris.
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[edit] Population
The town of Massy developed in a very short time. A large borough of 6 000 inhabitants in 1950, it exceeded 37 000 inhabitants in 1968. Since this date, its population, after having slightly exceeded 40 000, has stabilized.
[edit] Transport
Massy is served by two interchange stations on Paris RER line B and RER line C: Massy – Verrières and Massy – Palaiseau.
There is also a TGV station, called Massy TGV, which is adjacent to Massy – Palaiseau station and is one of only three specially-built TGV stations in the suburbs of Paris (the two others are at Disneyland Resort Paris and at Charles de Gaulle International Airport).
[edit] History
The etymological origin of Massy is still very dubious. This name could result from the name of an owner of a villa of the Gallo-Roman time, original site of the village. Called Matius or Matheus the name of his property then village would have undergone the deformations related on time and the language to become Massy. Located near the road between Paris and Chartres, the villa was undoubtedly built on a height (the Gaudon Mount) and formed the starting point of a human establishment. The argillaceous basement explains the formation of a clearing within the forest and the many stretches of water of the surroundings.
At the "Middle Age" and until the end of 'Ancien Régime', the properties divide the territory of the current commune with a majority part for the ecclesiastical institutions and in particular the abbey of St-Germain-of-Meadows. In the 10th century, the line of the lords of Massy is established, their title of nobility will become a baronnie (today family of the Grimaldi-Monaco).
Before 1900, the history of the city is similar to one of the rural boroughs of Island-of-France. After the Revolution, the common one remains rural. The population follows an evolution identical to that of the remainder of the area. It undergoes the same wars, epidemics and rebellions. The massicois exert mainly agricultural trades (garden, vine growers), even if a local arts and crafts is always present. The factory of tiles, abandoned after the Second World war, was the oldest industry of the commune.
It is with the beginning of the 20th century that the face of Massy changes: of rural village, it changes downtown subjected more and more to the attraction of Paris. This borough of 1400 inhabitants became today a town of almost 40.000 inhabitants. At the end of the 19th century, the development of the railroad supports the installation of industries. The first allotments are born at the beginning of the century. The urbanization of city develops towards the districts of the Gravels and Villaine, where it is necessary to establish a school since 1927. It is the time of the “suburban house”.
During the Second world war, the marshalling yard of Massy-Palaiseau represented a strategic rail junction. The bombardments of these infrastructures made 88 victims and of the property damages in all the city. Post-war period, the rebuilding of the war damagees and the development of the Paris and its suburbs will metamorphose the geography of the commune. The housing shortage makes rage: the movement “beaver” establishes some residences in the east of the city. The establishment of the Housing scheme on 145 hectares of the communes of Massy-Antony makes double the population. The construction of the ZUP of Villaine, 10 years afterwards, was to rebalance the urbanization of the city. This abrupt urban development also modifies the social structure: renovation of the population, arrival of population of foreign origin, etc years 1960 and 1970 see raising the questions related to the rapid urban development: problem of housing and shantytowns, lack of public equipment, requalification of certain factorys site, delinquency, etc to mitigate the needs for this new population, of many infrastructures were created: sporting schools, hospital, centers, swimming pool, arts centre, cribs, parks. The establishment of station TGV in 1991 is an asset for the economic development of the city. Today, certain equipment has a radiation which exceeds the communal and departmental circle, in particular the opera-theatre. (Author: Municipal files of Massy)
[edit] Administration
Massy is divided into two cantons:
The canton of Massy-East account 18.316 inhabitants; The canton of Massy-West counts 19.396 inhabitants.
[edit] Famous persons
- Nicolas Appert, inventor of the process of canning, created there in 1802 a workshop employing fifty people in order to produce there the preserves which made it famous. The factory was destroyed in 1815, following the Prussian invasion. Nicolas Appert returned to Massy in 1835 to die there on June 1, 1841.
- Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges, celebrates historian, lived in Massy of 1883 on 1889, date of its death.
- Jacques Rene Tenon was a surgeon in Salpêtrière. He owes his notoriety with the combat which he carried out for the development of hygiene in the hospitals: he thus imposed the installation of individual beds and the insulation of the contagious patients. Today its property accommodates the Orphans Apprentices of Auteuil.
- The Antoinette princess of Monaco was created baroness of Massy by her younger brother Rainier III by Monaco in 1951.
- Alain Chabat, celebrated actor, realizer and producer of cinema.
[edit] Places and monuments
- Castle of Vilgénis: built in 1823 in a park of 55 hectares. In the park, a pond in form of bicornuate of Napoleon was dug by the young brother of the emperor, Jerome Bonaparte.
- Massy has a opera-theatre which plays an important part in the cultural life essonienne.
- Massy also has a cinema of art and test of three rooms projecting films with the original soundtrack. Price of the place: 6,80 euros or season ticket of 5 euros per annum for a place with 4,60 euros.
[edit] External links
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