M-1 (Michigan highway)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| M-1 |
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| Woodward Avenue | |||||||||
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| Length: | 21.48 mi[1] (34.57 km) | ||||||||
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| Formed: | 1970[1] | ||||||||
| South end: | Adams St. in Detroit | ||||||||
| Major junctions: |
 M-102 at Ferndale |
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| North end: |     BL I-75/BUS US 24 near Pontiac |
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| Counties: | Wayne & Oakland | ||||||||
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M-1, more commonly known as Woodward Avenue, is a north-south state highway in Michigan. The nothern terminus of M-1 is at BL I-75 and BUS US 24 (Square Lake Road) in Bloomfield Township between the city limits of Bloomfield Hills and Pontiac in Oakland County. The southern end is in downtown Detroit.
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[edit] Woodward Avenue
The avenue has been the main artery of Detroit's transportation network since the incorporation of the modern plan of the city in 1805 and it therefore holds considerable cultural significance. Woodward was planned to be the most important of the five major avenues (along with Michigan, Grand River, Gratiot, and Jefferson) planned by judge Augustus Woodward that extend from downtown Detroit in differing directions. Woodward extends northwest of the city's downtown area (though to a lesser degree than Grand River Avenue does).
Many historical sites are located along Woodward Avenue, and the road was designated a Michigan Heritage Route by the Michigan Department of Transportation-Design Division in July 1999 and as a National Scenic Byway by the FHWA National Scenic Byways Program on June 13, 2002.
Many of Detroit's most important cultural fixtures are located on Woodward in downtown Detroit, including the Fox Theatre, Comerica Park and Ford Field. Farther north, the Detroit Institute of Arts, Wayne State University, and the College for Creative Studies are located on Woodward Avenue. In Oakland County, the important cities of Ferndale, Royal Oak, and Birmingham, Michigan, including the Detroit Zoo, are centered on Woodward Avenue.
The Woodward Dream Cruise takes place on Woodward Avenue between Pontiac and Ferndale in Oakland County during the middle of summer. The annual event draws thousands of classic car owners and admirers from all over the United States and the world to the Metro Detroit area to celebrate Detroit's automotive history. The event evokes nostalgia of the 1950s and '60s, when it was common for young drivers to "cruise" with their cars on Woodward Avenue.
The total length of Woodward Avenue/M-1 is 22 miles (35 km), and Woodward Avenue continues into downtown Pontiac after the M-1 designation ceases. In Pontiac, portions of Woodward Avenue are also known as "The Loop" and, in years past, "Wide-Track Drive."
[edit] Route History
M-1 was designated by the Michigan Department of Transportation in 1970. Prior to that, Woodward Avenue was designated as US 10. Between Jefferson Avenue and Grand River Avenue, Woodward at one time carried three US routes - US 10, US 12, and US 16, as all three terminated at the junction with US 25, which was routed on Jefferson at the time. All of Woodward Avenue, through "The Loop" in downtown Pontiac, was designated US 10, which extended northward along Dixie Highway.
A bypass of downtown Birmingham opened in 1939, drawing through traffic away from the busy Woodward Avenue-Maple Road intersection. The bypass, which carried the US 10 (and later M-1) designation, was named Hunter Boulevard. In 1996, though, the bypass would be renamed Woodward Avenue, with the previous alignment of Woodward being signed as Old Woodward.
In 1970, US 10 was rerouted to the John C. Lodge Freeway and the portion of Jefferson Avenue between the Lodge and Randolph Street. At the time, there were no single-digit state routes in Michigan, as in 1939, the single-digit numbers (M-X) were reserved by MDOT to be used for future superhighways to be built across the state. Since these superhighways eventually became Interstate and U.S. routes, the single-digit numbers remained unused until MDOT selected M-1 to represent Detroit's "Main Street" to replace US 10. M-1 was designated for the portion of Woodward Avenue from Jefferson Avenue in downtown Detroit, to Square Lake Road along the south border of Pontiac. Woodward north of Square Lake was duplexed with business routes of US 10 and I-75. When U.S. 10 was truncated to Bay City in 1986, the BUS US 10 portion of Woodward became BUS US 24.
In the late 1970s, M-1 was truncated in downtown Detroit, as the Woodward Mall area was designated in the area around Cadillac Square. Official MDOT maps and other maps made between the 1970s and the 1990s had conflicting information regarding the routing and terminus of M-1, which had previously reached Jefferson Avenue. In 2001, the southern terminus of M-1 was set at Grand River Avenue, in a spate of jurisdiction transfers between the City of Detroit and MDOT. In 2004, however, the terminus was moved north three blocks to Adams Street.
