Lupang Hinirang

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"Lupang Hinirang" is the national anthem of the Philippines. Its music was composed in 1898 by Julian Felipe in Spanish and the lyrics were adapted from the poem Filipinas, written by a young poet-soldier named Jose Palma in 1899.

Originally written as incidental music, it did not have words when it was adopted as the National Anthem of the Philippines and subsequently played during the proclamation of Philippine independence on June 12, 1898. During the American occupation of the Philippines, the colonial government banned the song from being played with the passage of the Flag Law. The law was repealed in 1919 and the song was translated into English and would be legalized as the "Philippine Hymn." It was then translated into Filipino beginning in the 1940's with a 1966 version serving as the present anthem. Its use is governed by Republic Act No. 8491 or the Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines of 1998. The national anthem however is known to many Filipinos simply as "Bayang Magiliw", from the first line of the anthem.

Contents 1 Lyrics 2 History 3 Usage 4 Translations 4.1 English: Chosen Land[3] 4.2 Bikol: Rona Kang Mawili 4.3 Hiligaynon: Banwang Guinhalaran 4.4 Cebuano: Nasodnong Awit 4.5 English: The Philippine Hymn 4.6 Spanish: Filipinas 4.7 Tagalog: Diwang Bayan 5 A Previous National Anthem 6 Media 7 Notes 8 External links

[edit] Lyrics

Lupang Hinirang means "Chosen Land" in Filipino. The following is the lyrics to the National Anthem in Filipino:^[1]

Bayang Magiliw
Perlas ng Silanganan,
Alab ng puso
Sa dibdib mo'y buhay.

Lupang Hinirang,
Duyan ka ng magiting,
Sa manlulupig,
'Di ka pasisiil.

Sa dagat at bundok,
Sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw,
May dilag ang tula
At awit sa paglayang minamahal.

Ang kislap ng watawat mo'y
Tagumpay na nagniningning,
Ang bituin at araw niya
Kailan pa ma'y 'di magdidilim.

Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati't pagsinta,
Buhay ay langit sa piling mo;
Aming ligaya, na 'pag may mang-aapi
Ang mamatay nang dahil sa 'yo.

[edit] History

The Lupang Hinirang began as an instrumental march which General Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned for use in the proclamation of Philippine independence. This task was given to Julian Felipe and was to replace a march, which Aguinaldo did not find to be satisfactory. The title of the new march was Marcha Filipina Magdalo ("Magdalo Philippine March") and was later changed to Marcha Nacional Filipina ("Philippine National March") upon its adoption as the national anthem of the First Philippine Republic on June 11, 1898, a day before the date when Philippine independence was to be proclaimed. It was played by the San Francisco de Malabon marching band during the proclamation on June 12, 1898.

The piece was originally composed for piano and later arranged for a brass band and had a time signature of 2/4, as is the standard for marches. If the Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines, which specifies that the National Anthem be played or sung in accordance with the arrangement and composition of Julian Felipe, is to be followed strictly, then the only versions of the National Anthem would only be rendered by solo piano or a brass band. Also, since the original was arranged in two, singing the lyrics will either slow down the music or make its singers unable to keep up with the music.^[2] In the 1920's, the time signature was changed to 4/4 to facilitate its singing and the key was changed from the original C major to G.

In August 1899, a young poet-soldier named Jose Palma wrote the poem Filipinas in Spanish. It became the lyrics of the national hymn.

During the 1920s, with the repeal of the Flag Law, which banned the use of all Filipino national symbols, the American colonial government decided to translate the national hymn from Spanish to English. The first translation was written around that time by Paz Marquez Benitez of the University of the Philippines, who was also a famous poet during that time. The most popular translation, called the "Philippine Hymn", was written by Senator Camilo Osias and an American, Mary A. Lane. The "Philippine Hymn" was legalized by an act of the Philippine Congress in 1938.

Filipino translations started appearing during the 1940s, the most popular being O Sintang Lupa ("O Beloved Land") by Julian Cruz Balmaceda, Ildefonso Santos, and Francisco Caballo. O Sintang Lupa was approved as the national anthem in 1948. Finally, during the term of President Ramon Magsaysay, Education Secretary Gregorio Hernandez formed a commission to revise the Tagalog words. On May 26, 1956, the National Anthem, Lupang Hinirang, was finally sung in Filipino. Minor revisions were made in 1966, and it is this final version which is in use today. The Filipino lyrics have been confirmed by a new national symbols law (Republic Act No. 8491 or the Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines) in 1998, but the English and Spanish words have not. In fact, the Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines specifically provides that the national anthem "shall always be sung in the national language" (which would exclude English, Spanish, and all other regional languages) and that "the singing must be done with fervor", with specific penalties for disobeying this law. However, the English and Spanish texts are recognized as the official words to the national anthem in those languages.

In the late 1990's, the Chief Executive Officer of the GMA Network, Menardo Jimenez, proposed that various recording artists record their respective versions of the National Anthem; this is, however, prohibited by law.^[2]

[edit] Usage

The National Anthem is usually played during public gatherings in the Philippines or in foreign countries where the Filipino audience is sizeable. The Flag and Heraldic Code of 1998 prohibits its playing or singing for mere recreation, amusement, or entertainment except during the following occasions:

1. International competitions where the Philippines is the host or has a representative;
2. Local competitions;
3. During the "signing off" and "signing on" of radio broadcasting and television stations; and
4. Before the initial and last screening of films and before the opening of theater performances.

The law also provides that it be played at other occasions as may be allowed by the National Historical Institute.

[edit] Translations

Some English sources erroneously translate Lupang Hinirang as "Beloved Land"; however, "Beloved Land" is a translation of the first line of Filipinas, which would be "Tierra adorada".

The following are different versions of the national anthem: Bikol,Hiligaynon, Cebuano, English, and Spanish, as well as the first official Tagalog translation of the anthem, along with the names of the authors or translators.

[edit] English: Chosen Land^[3]

Note: This translation is not intended to be sung, as the words do not fit the music. However, it is recommended for accurate translation of the current and only official Filipino version of the Philippine national anthem into other language editions of Wikipedia. In addition, this text differs from that of the Philippine Hymn of 1938, since the latter is a direct translation from the original Spanish version Filipinas.

Beloved country,
Pearl of the Orient,
The heart's fervor
In your bosom is ever alive.

Chosen Land,
You are the cradle of the brave.
To the conquerors
You shall never surrender.

Through the seas and mountains,
Through the air and your azure skies,
There is splendor in the poem
And song for dear freedom.

The sparkle of your flag
Is shining victory.
Its stars and sun
Forever will never dim.

Land of the morning, of glory, of our affection,
Life is heaven in your arms;
When someone oppresses you, it is our pleasure
To die for you.

[edit] Bikol: Rona Kang Mawili

Dagang namo-motan
Aki ka nin sirangan
Tingraw niyang malaad
Nasa si-mong daghan.

Rona kang mawili
Nagimatan bayani
An mansalakay
Dai ka babatayan.

Sa si-mong langit, bukid
Hayop kadagatan siring man
Nagkukutab nagbabanaag
An si-mong katalingkasan.

Simong bandera na nagkikintab
Sa hokbo naglayaw
Dai nanggad mapapara
An simong bitoon Aldaw.

Dagang nawilihan, maogma, maliwanag,
Sa limpoy mo hamis mabuhay
Minamarhay mi kun ika pagbasangan
An buhay mi si-mo idusay.

[edit] Hiligaynon: Banwang Guinhalaran

Translated into Ilonggo by Eric D. Gotera

Banwang masinadyahon,
Perlas sang nasidlangan,
Init sang tigpusuon,
Gakabuhi sa imo nga dughan.

Banwang guinhalaran,
Payag ka sang maisog,
Sa mga manugpigos,
Wala guid nagapadaog.

Sa dagat kag bukid,
Sa usbong kag sa dagway nga gabanaag,
May idlak kag tibok ang dilambong,
Kag amba sang kahilwayan.

Ang idlak sang ayahay mo,
Isa ka matam-is nga kadalag-an,
Ang bituon kag ang adlaw mo,
Nangin masanag sa katubtuban.

Dutang nasambit sang adlaw kag paghigugma,
Sa sabak mo matam-is ang mabuhi,
Ginapakipagbato namon, nga kung may manugpanakop,
Ang mapatay nahanungod sa imo.

[edit] Cebuano: Nasodnong Awit

Translated into Cebuano by Jess Vestil

Yutang tabonon
Mutyang masilakon,
Putling bahandi,
Amo kang gimahal.

Mithing gisimba,
Yutas mga bayani,
Sa manlulupig,
Pagadapigan ka.

Ang mga bungtod mo,
Ug lapyahan sa langit mong bughaw,
Nagahulad sa awit, lamdag sa
Kaliwat tang gawas.

Silaw sa adlaw ug bituon
Sa nasodnong bandila,
Nagatimaan nga buhion ta
Ang atong pagkausa.

Yutang maanyag, duyan ka sa pagmahal,
Landong sa langit ang dughan mo;
Pakatam-ison namo kon maulipon man
Ang mamatay sa ngalan mo.

Note: a slightly different translation, also by Jess Vestil, can be found at the Tagalog wiki

[edit] English: The Philippine Hymn

by Senator Camilo Osias and Mary A. Lane; made official by an act of the Philippine Congress in 1938

Land of the morning,
Child of the sun returning,
With fervor burning,
Thee do our souls adore.

Land dear and holy,
Cradle of noble heroes,
Ne'er shall invaders,
Trample thy sacred shores.

Even within thy skies and through thy clouds,
And o'er thy hills and seas.
Do we behold the radiance,
Feel the throb of glorious liberty.

Thy banner, dear to all our hearts,
Its sun and stars alight.
O, never shall its shining fields,
Be dimmed by tyrant's might!

Beautiful land of love, O land of light,
In thine embrace 'tis rapture to lie.
But it is glory ever, when thou art wronged,
For us, thy sons, to suffer and die.

[edit] Spanish: Filipinas

by Jose Palma; became official in 1899

Tierra adorada
Hija del sol de Oriente,
Su fuego ardiente,
En ti latiendo está.

¡Tierra de amores!
Del heroismo cuna,
Los invasora
No te hollarán jamás.

En tu azul cielo, en tus auras,
En tus montes y en tu mar
Esplende y late el poema
De tu amada libertad.

Tu pabellón, que en las lides
La victoria iluminó,
No verá nunca apagados
Sus estrellas y su sol.

Tierra de dichas, del sol y de amores,
En tu regazo dulce es vivir.
Es una gloria para tus hijos,
Cuando te ofenden, por ti morir.

[edit] Tagalog: Diwang Bayan

original lyrics by Julian Cruz Balmaceda and Ildefonso Santos, 1948

O sintang lupa,
Perlas ng Silanganan;
Diwang apoy kang
Sa araw nagmula.

Lupang magiliw
Pugad ng kagitingan,
Sa manlulupig
'Di ka papaslang.

Sa 'yong langit, simoy, parang
Dagat at kabundukan,
Laganap ang tibok ng puso
Sa paglayang walang hanggang.

Sagisag ng watawat mong mahal.
Ningning at tagumpay;
Araw't bituin niyang maalab
Ang s'yang lagi naming tanglaw.

Sa 'yo Lupa ng ligaya't pagsinta,
Tamis mabuhay na yakap mo,
Datapwa't langit ding kung ikaw ay apihin
Ay mamatay nang dahil sa 'yo.

[edit] A Previous National Anthem

Lupang Hinirang is by no means the first national anthem of the Filipino people. Julio Nakpil, a composer who was also a katipunero, composed what could be called the first Filipino national anthem. Entitled "Marangal na Dalit ng Katagalugan" (Honorable Hymn of Katagalugan), it became the official anthem of the Katipunan independence movement (the unrecognized government of Andres Bonifacio known as the Republika Ng Katagalugan). The anthem, later renamed Himno Nacional, was never adopted by Aguinaldo for unspecified reasons.

It should be noted that Katagalugan, in its usage in the anthem, meant the Philippines and not just the Tagalog Filipinos.

[edit] Media

• Score of the Lupang Hinirang, as arranged by Colonel Antonino Buenaventura for the Philippine Army Band.^[4]
  • Lupang Hinirang (info)

[edit] Notes

[edit] External links

• Different versions of the Philippine National Anthem
• Text of the Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines (Republic Act 8491)
• Information on Marangal na Dalit ng Katagalugan
• A recording of Himno Nacional
• Online music video playing the anthem

National symbols of the Philippines
Official: National Flag | Coat of arms | Lupang Hinirang | Cariñosa | Carabao | Philippine Eagle | Milkfish | Sampaguita | Narra | Anahaw | Mango | Sipa | Barong and Baro't saya | José Rizal
Unofficial: Bayan Ko | Pilipinas Kong Mahal | Pearl | Blessed Virgin Mary | Juan dela Cruz