LMS Stanier Class 8F
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The London Midland and Scottish Railway's 8F class 2-8-0 heavy freight locomotive is a class of steam locomotive designed for hauling heavy freight. 852 were built between 1935 and 1946 as a freight version of William Stanier's successful black five, and the class saw service overseas during the Second World War.
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[edit] Background
LMS freight traction was poor, the adoption of the Midland Railway's small engine policy had left it with trains double-headed by underpowered 0-6-0s supplemented by inadequate Garratts and Fowler 7F 0-8-0s. William Stanier was brought in from the Great Western Railway to solve this motive power crisis. Stanier would have been familiar with G.J. Churchward's freight 2800 Class of 2-8-0s.
Incorporating two-cylinder arrangement of the black fives. They were initially classified 7F, but this was later changed to the more familiar 8F.
On the outbreak of the Second World War, the design was chosen to become the country's standard freight design, reprising the role the GCR 8K Class had in the Great War.
[edit] Construction
| Order | Years | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| LMS pre-war | 1935-9 | 126 |
| War Department | 1940-2 | 208 |
| LMS wartime | 1941-5 | 205 |
| Railway Executive Committee order, built by GWR | 1943-5 | 80 |
| Railway Executive Committee order, built by LNER | 1943-5 | 60 |
| Railway Executive Committee order, built by SR | 1943-5 | 105 |
| LNER Class O6 | 1944-6 | 68 |
| Total | 852 | |
[edit] Service
The War Department had 208 built by Beyer Peacock and North British Locomotive Company and requisitioned 51 more. Many saw service overseas in Egypt, Turkey (TCDD 45151 Class), Iraq, Palestine and Italy (FS Class 737). By 1943 however, it was decided to build a cheaper version and this resulted in the WD Austerity 2-8-0. During the war the LNER ordered 68 for own use classifying them O6 and examples were also built at Swindon. 39 returned to Britain at the end of the war and 666 entered British Railways service.
The British examples were withdrawn over the period 1962-1968. Some however continued to work in Turkey into the 1980s.
[edit] Preservation
Eleven LMS/BR locomotives have been preserved, and an eighth member of the class has been repatriated from Turkey. In addition, several Turkish Railway (TCCD) locomotives have been preserved in Turkey, and at least one locomotive is believed to exist in Iraq. The complete list is shown below.
| Number | Location | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LMS | BR | WD | TCCD | ||
| 8151 | 48151 | - | - | West Coast Railway Company | - |
| 8173 | 48173 | - | - | Avon Valley Railway | - |
| 8233 | 48773 | 307 | - | Severn Valley Railway | Persian Railways no. 41.109 |
| 8274 | - | 348 | 45160 | Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway | Exported as a kit of parts to Turkey in 1940. Returned to UK in 1989. |
| 8279 | - | 353 | 45165 | Preserved in Turkey | - |
| - | - | 522 | 45161 | Preserved in Turkey | - |
| - | - | 547 | - | Iraqi Republic Railways (IRR), Baghdad | IRR no. 1429 |
| 8305 | 48305 | - | - | Great Central Railway | |
| 8431 | 48431 | - | - | Keighley and Worth Valley Railway | - |
| 8518 | 48518 | - | - | Vale of Glamorgan Railway | - |
| 8642 | 48624 | - | - | Peak Rail | - |
[edit] External links
| Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway | |
| Hughes: | 5MT Crab |
| Fowler: | 2P 4-4-0 - 2F Dock Tank - 3MT 2-6-2T - 3F Jinty - 4P Compound - 4MT 2-6-4T - 4F 0-6-0 - 6P Patriot - 7P Royal Scot - 7F 0-8-0 - Garratt - 6399 Fury |
| Stanier: | 2P 0-4-4T - 3MT 2-6-2T - 4MT 2-6-4T (2 cylinders) - 4MT 2-6-4T (3 cylinders) - 5MT 2-6-0 - 5MT Black Five - 6P Jubilee - 8P Princess Royal - 8P Coronation - 8F 2-8-0 - Turbomotive |
| Kitson: | 0F 0-4-0ST |
| Fairburn: | 4MT 2-6-4T |
| Ivatt: | 2MT 2-6-0 - 2MT 2-6-2T - 4MT 2-6-0 |
