List of nearest galaxies

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The reader should be aware that there are certain unavoidable difficulties with this list.

  • It is probably incomplete. Previously unknown objects are being discovered all the time. The reader will see that even some of the closest items are among the latest found. Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way located at the far side of our galaxy are extremely difficult to discern through the bulk of our home system. In fact it is possible for any galaxy to mask another located beyond it. Additionally, small, dim galaxies that would be placed at the bottom of the list are also difficult to observe. There is thus no reason to believe that new discoveries will not be made in the future.
  • Although the editors have combed the literature, it is certainly possible that already discovered galaxies have escaped our notice and, thus, not yet been listed.
  • Distance estimates are continually being refined. The list includes what are considered to be the latest and the best, but these are not to be taken as final. Not only may the distances, themselves, be expected to be updated in the future, but these changes may well alter the order in which the galaxies are listed.
  • The galaxies' distances are far too great to be measured directly via parallax. Other, less precise methods, such as using cepheid variables, are employed. This leads to an inevitable margin for error, in some cases rising as high as 50%.
  • A galaxy is an immense object. The distances from the closest edge - an ill-defined spot in itself - to the galactic core spans thousands, possibly up to a quarter million, lightyears. The distance estimates, therefore, are merely to some spot within the galaxies.
  • Please note that these distances are from Earth. A satellite galaxy of the Milky Way on our side of our galaxy may well be listed as closer than one on the far side which is actually orbiting closer in to the Galactic core. This discrepancy might be compounded for a dwarf galaxy embedded in, and being cannibalized by, the Milky Way.

Caveat lector.


  Galaxy Distance   Notes
1.  Milky Way Galaxy 0    Home galaxy of Earth
2.  Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy 25,000    Satellite of Milky Way
3.  Virgo Stellar Stream 30,000  [1]  Discovered October 2005
4.  Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy 81,000    Satellite of Milky Way
5.  Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) 168,000    Satellite of Milky Way
6.  Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) 200,000    Satellite of Milky Way
7.  Ursa Minor Dwarf Galaxy 240,000    Satellite of Milky Way
8.  Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy 254,000    Satellite of Milky Way
9.  Draco Dwarf Galaxy 280,000    Satellite of Milky Way
10.  Sextans Dwarf Galaxy 320,000    Satellite of Milky Way
11.  Ursa Major Dwarf 330,000    Satellite of Milky Way
12.  Carina Dwarf Galaxy 360,000    Satellite of Milky Way
13.  Fornax Dwarf Galaxy 460,000    Satellite of Milky Way
14.  Leo II Dwarf Galaxy 680,000  [2]
15.  Leo I Dwarf Galaxy 820,000  [2]
16.  Phoenix Dwarf Galaxy 1,300,000  [2]
17.  Barnard's Galaxy (NGC 6822) 1,630,000  [2]
18.  NGC 185 2,010,000  [3] Satellite of Andromeda
19.  Andromeda II 2,130,000  [3] Satellite of Andromeda
20.  NGC 147 2,200,000  [3] Satellite of Andromeda
21.  Leo A 2,250,000  [2]
22.  IC 1613 2,350,000  [2]
23.  Andromeda I 2,430,000  [3] Satellite of Andromeda
24.  Andromeda III 2,440,000  [3] Satellite of Andromeda
25.  Cetus Dwarf 2,460,000  [3]
26.  M32 (NGC 221) 2,480,000  [2] Satellite of Andromeda
27.  Andromeda VII 2,490,000  [3]
28.  Andromeda IX 2,500,000  [3]
29.  LGS 3 2,510,000  [3] Satellite of Triangulum
30.  Andromeda V 2,520,000  [3]
31.  Andromeda VI 2,550,000  [3]
32.  Andromeda Galaxy (M31) 2,560,000  [3]
33.  Triangulum Galaxy (M33) 2,640,000  [3] Most distant naked eye object
34.  M110 (NGC 205) 2,690,000  [3] Satellite of Andromeda
35.  Andromeda VIII 2,700,000   
36.  Tucana Dwarf Galaxy 2,840,000   
37.  Andromeda X 2,900,000   
38.  Pegasus Dwarf Irregular Galaxy 3,000,000  [3]
39.  Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte Galaxy (WLM) 3,040,000  [3]
40.  Aquarius Dwarf Galaxy 3,490,000  [3]
41.  IC 10 4,200,000   
42.  Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular Galaxy 4,200,000   
43.  Sextans A 4,310,000  [4]
44.  NGC 3109 4,500,000   
45.  Antlia Dwarf 4,600,000   
46.  Sextans B 4,700,000   
47.  UGCA 92 4,700,000   
48.  UKS 2323-326 4,700,000   
49.  IC 5152 5,800,000   
50.  NGC 55 5,870,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group?
51.  UGCA 86 6,200,000   
52.  ESO 294-010 6,260,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
53.  ESO 410-G005 6,260,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
54.  Camelopardalis A 6,500,000   
55.  IC 5152 6,750,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group?
56.  NGC 300 7,010,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
57.  UGCA 438 (ESO 407-018) 7,270,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
58.  NGC 1560 7,500,000   
59.  NGC 1569 7,500,000   
60.  GR 8 7,900,000   
61.  NGC 404 8,000,000   
62.  UGC 8508 8,350,000  [5]
63.  NGC 3741 10,210,000  [5]
64.  NGC 2366 10,400,000  [5] member of the M81 group
65.  DDO 44 10,400,000  [5] member of the M81 group
66.  UGC 4483 10,470,000  [5] member of the M81 group
67.  UGCA 105 10,630,000  [5]
68.  NGC 2403 10,760,000  [5] member of the M81 group
69.  Camelopardalis B 10,800,000  [5]
70.  DDO 6 (ESO 540-031) 10,900,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
71.  NGC 1560 10,960,000  [5]
72.  Holmberg II (DDO 50, UGC 4305) 11,060,000  [5] member of the M81 group
73.  ESO 540-030 (KDG 2) 11,100,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
74.  FM1 11,150,000  [5] member of the M81 group
75.  ESO 540-032 11,200,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
76.  KK 77 11,350,000  [5] member of the M81 group
77.  DDO 71 11,420,000  [5] member of the M81 group
78.  M82 11,510,000  [5] member of the M81 group
79.  KDG 52 11,580,000  [5] member of the M81 group
80.  NGC 2976 11,610,000  [5] member of the M81 group
81.  DDO 53 (UGC 4459) 11,610,000  [5] member of the M81 group
82.  KDG 61 11,740,000  [5] member of the M81 group
83.  M81 11,840,000  [5] member of the M81 group
84.  UGC 5442 (KDG 64) 12,070,000  [5] member of the M81 group
85.  KDG 73 12,070,000  [5] member of the M81 group
86.  DDO 78 12,130,000  [5] member of the M81 group
87.  F8D1 12,300,000  [5] member of the M81 group
88.  BK5N 12,330,000  [5] member of the M81 group
89.  Camelopardalis A 12,330,000  [5]
90.  NGC 3077 12,460,000  [5] member of the M81 group
91.  Holmberg I (DDO 63, UGC 5139) 12,520,000  [5] member of the M81 group
92.  BK6N 12,560,000  [5] member of the M81 group
93.  NGC 7793 12,800,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
94.  KKH57 12,820,000  [5] member of the M81 group
95.  NGC 253 12,900,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
96.  UGC 6541 12,920,000  [5]
97.  DDO 82 (UGC 5692) 13,050,000  [5] member of the M81 group
98.  BK3N 13,110,000  [5] member of the M81 group
99.  IC 2574 (DDO 81) 13,110,000  [5] member of the M81 group
100.  NGC 247 13,300,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
101.  Sculptor Dwarf Irregular Galaxy 13,400,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
102.  UGC 7298 13,600,000  [5]
103.  Sc 22 13,700,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
104.  ESO 471-06 (UGCA 442) 13,900,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
105.  UGC 7242 14,000,000  [5] member of the M81 group?
106.  ESO 245-005 14,400,000  [6] member of the Sculptor group
107.  UGC 6456 14,450,000  [5] member of the M81 group?
108.  NGC 4236 14,510,000  [5] member of the M81 group?
109.  NGC 5204 14,510,000  [5]
110.  DDO 165 (UGC 8201) 14,910,000  [5] member of the M81 group?

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ↑  astro-ph/0510589
  2. ↑  van den Bergh, Sidney (April 2000). "Updated Information on the Local Group". The Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 112 (770): 529–536.
  3. ↑  McConnachie, A. W. et al. (2005). "Distances and Metallicities for 17 Local Group Galaxies". MNRAS 356: 979. arXiv:astro-ph/0410489.
  4. ↑  Dolphin, Andrew E. et al. (March 2003). "Deep Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Sextans A. II. Cepheids and Distance". The Astronomical Journal 125: 1261.
  5. ↑  Karachentsev, I. D. et al. (2002). "The M 81 group of galaxies: New distances, kinematics and structure". Astronomy and Astrophysics 383: 125–136.
  6. ↑  Karachentsev, I. D. et al. (June 2003). "Distances to Nearby Galaxies in Sculptor". Astronomy and Astrophysics 404: 93. arXiv:astro-ph/0302045.
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