List of languages by number of native speakers

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This is a list of languages placed in order by the number of native-language speakers, with some data for second-language use. Only languages spoken natively by more than ten million are listed, and then they are listed for secondary locations only when spoken by more than 1% of the population.

For practical reasons in compiling this list, some listings are not single languages in the sense of being mutually intelligible, such as Chinese or Arabic; while in other cases mutually intelligible idioms with separate national standards or self identification have been listed separately, such as Scandinavian, Hindustani, and Malay. This should not be taken as an endorsement of any side of dialect versus language debates.

For the purposes of this article, a "native language" is a language with which a person was raised, while a "second language" is a language that person would use for instruction or everyday communication outside the home. A person may be natively bilingual.

Countries that are not sovereign states are listed according to the corresponding sovereign states.

Data are not all up to date. For a comparison of various estimates, see Language speaker data. For languages spoken by very few people, and so in danger of extinction, see list of endangered languages.

Contents

[edit] 100 million native speakers or more

Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the population Number of speakers Ranking by number of native speakers
Chinese Sino-Tibetan

Official language in People's Republic of China (Mandarin; Cantonese de facto co-official in Hong Kong and Macau), Taiwan (Republic of China) (Mandarin; Taiwanese has been proposed in the legislature but not (yet) accepted), and Singapore (Mandarin).

Significant communities in Australia (including plurality on Christmas Island), Brunei, Cambodia, Canada , France (French Polynesia, Reunion), Indonesia, Jamaica, Italy, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nauru, New Zealand, Philippines, Surinam, Thailand, United Kingdom, United States (California, Guam, Hawaii, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Northern Mariana Islands, Washington), Venezuela, Vietnam

 850 million native (1999). Includes:

Mandarin: 672 million native + 178 million second language = 850 million (1999 WA, 2004 CIA)
Wu: 87 million (2004 CIA)
Cantonese: 54.8 million (2005? [unsourced])
Southern Min/Taiwanese: 46 million (1984)
Jin: 45 million (1984)
Xiang: 36 million (1984)
Hakka: 30 million (1984)
Gan: 21 million (1984)
Northern Min: 10.3 million (1984)
Eastern Min: 9.1 million (2000 WCD)
Hui: 3.2 million
Pu-Xian Min: 2.6 million (2000 WCD).		 1
Hindi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in Fiji (Awadhi), India (Khariboli nationally and in the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal; Maithili in Bihar).

Significant communities in Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Bhutan, Canada, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Maldives, Martinique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Nepal, Qatar, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Yemen		 ca. 490 million native, 300 million second language = 790 million total[1] . Includes:

Khariboli (180 million, 2004 CIA),
Bhojpuri (27 million, 1997),
Maithili (25 million, 1981),
Awadhi (21 million, 1999),
Haryanvi (13 million, 1992),
Marwari (13 million, 2002),
Magahi (13 million, 2002),
Chhattisgarhi (11 million, 1997),
Kanauji (6 million, 1977).		 2
English Indo-European, Germanic, West, Anglic Official in Antigua and Barbuda, Australia (including external territories), The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon, Canada (unofficial minority language in the province of Quebec), Dominica, Fiji, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, People’s Republic of China (Hong Kong), India, Ireland, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Namibia, Nauru, Realm of New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Kingdom (and in all overseas territories and crown dependencies), United States (unofficial national language; official in some states and unincorporated territories), Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Significant communities in Andorra, Bangladesh, Brunei, Israel, France (Saint-Pierre and Miquelon), Malaysia, Maldives, Netherlands (Aruba), Somalia, Sri Lanka, Switzerland.		 485 million native (2006 est.)[citation needed], 1-1.5 billion second language[citation needed]; 3
Spanish Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Iberian Official in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Spain, Uruguay and Venezuela

Significant communities in Andorra, Aruba, Belize, Israel, Netherlands (Netherlands Antilles), Switzerland, United Kingdom (Cayman Islands, Gibraltar), United States,Philippines, Western Sahara		 390 million native (2004 CIA), 70 million second language (Indiana University 2003) = 460 million total 4


Arabic Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South Central Modern Standard Arabic is official in Algeria, Bahrain, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt (along with Egyptian Arabic as the national language), Eritrea, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Oman, Palestinian Territories, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Western Sahara, Yemen.

Hassaniya Arabic is a national language in Mali, Mauritania, Senegal.

Significant communities in Brazil, Australia, Belgium, Central African Republic, France, Iran, Italy, Spain (mainland and Ceuta and Melilla), United Kingdom (Gibraltar), Uzbekistan. Taught in schools in Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Senegal, most Muslims in these countries can read Koranic Arabic.		 272 million native (2006 Guinness), 24 million second language (2005 WA) = 296 million total. Includes:

Egyptian Arabic: 46 million native.
Hassaniya: 2.8 million native.
Modern Standard Arabic is a second language only.		 5
Portuguese Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Iberian Official in Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, East Timor, Guinea-Bissau, People’s Republic of China (Macau), Mozambique, Portugal, São Tomé and Príncipe.

Significant communities in Andorra, Antigua, Canada, France, Germany, Guyana, India (Daman and Goa), Jamaica, Japan, Luxembourg, Namibia, Paraguay, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States (Connecticut, Florida, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Rhode Island), Uruguay, Venezuela. Creole or pidgin in Senegal.		 210 million native (2004 CIA), 20+ million second language = 230 million total (not counting 4 million Galician) 6
Bengali Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Magadhan Prakrit, Bengali-Assamese Official in Bangladesh, India (Tripura, West Bengal).

Significant communities in Myanmar, Oman, United Arab Emirates		 194 million native (2006 Guinness); 215 million total (2005 WA). Includes:

Chittagonian: 14 million (2004 CIA)
Sylheti: 10.3 million (2004 CIA)		 7
Indonesian Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Malayic Official in Indonesia. Significant communities in the Netherlands, Timor-Leste, Singapore, Malaysia 222 million native with any dialects , less 15 million second language; 251 million total all Malay (2005 WA) 8
Russian Indo-European, Slavic, East Official in Abkhazia (de jure part of Georgia), Belarus, Gagauzia (de jure part of Moldova), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, South Ossetia (de jure part of Georgia), Russia, Transnistria (de jure part of Moldova).

Significant communities in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Estonia, Georgia, Germany, Israel, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Serbia, Romania ,Poland, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States (Alaska and New York), Uzbekistan		 145 million native (2004 CIA), 110 million second language, = 255 million total (2000 WCD) 9
Japanese Japonic Official in Japan and Palau (Angaur Island).

Significant communities in Brazil, United States (esp. Hawaii), Palau, Taiwan, Republic of Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, .		 130 million native (2004 CIA). 10
French Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Oil National or official in Algeria, Belgium (Wallonia and Brussels), Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada (nationally and in New Brunswick, Quebec, and the territories), Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, France (including territories), Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, India (districts of Karaikal and Pondicherry), Italy (Aosta Valley), Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Martinique, Morocco, Mauritius, Monaco, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Switzerland (Bern, Fribourg, Geneva, Jura, Neuchatel, Valais, Vaud), Togo, Tunisia, United Kingdom (Guernsey, Jersey), Vanuatu. Significant communities in New Zealand, United States (Maine, New Hampshire, Louisiana, and Vermont). Creoles also significant in Dominica, Saint Lucia. 120 million native (2005), 52 million second language, = 175 million total (2) 11
Persian Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern Official in Afghanistan, Iran, Tajikistan. Significant communities in Bahrain, Iraq, Israel, Oman, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, United States of America, Western Europe 101 million native (including at least 80%-90% of Iran, 40% of Afghanistan, 80% of Tajikistan and 15-30% of Uzbekistan), may include Mazanderani and Gilaki; ~40 million second language, 130 million total (2005) 12
German Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German Official in Austria, Belgium (East Cantons), Germany, Italy (South Tyrol), Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Namibia, Switzerland (Aargau, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Glarus, Graubünden, Lucerne, Nidwalden, Obwalden, St. Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Uri, Valais, Zug, Zurich).

Significant communities in Argentina, Australia, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Hungary, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Paraguay, Romania, Russia, Ukraine, United States (North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin),.		 100 - 120 million native (95 million Standard German [2004 CIA], 5 million Swiss German), 60 million second language in EU ([1]) + 5 - 20 million worldwide = 165 - 200 million total 13

[edit] 30–100 million native speakers

Language Family Official status and where spoken natively, or as an immigrant language, by more than 1% of the population Number of speakers Ranking by number of native speakers
Punjabi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Central Zone (Eastern Punjabi) or North-Western Zone (Western Punjabi) Official in India (Punjab). National language in Pakistan (Punjab).

Significant communities in Canada, Fiji, Mauritius, United Kingdom, United States		 Western: 61–62 million (2000 WCD), Eastern: 28 million, Siraiki: 14 million = 104 million total 14
Javanese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Native to Indonesia (originally Java). Significant communities in France (New Caledonia), Malaysia, Suriname 76 million 14
Korean Altaic (disputed), Korean/Language isolate Official in People's Republic of China (Yanbian), North Korea, South Korea. Significant communities in Australia, Brazil, Japan, United States (Guam, Hawaii, California, Northern Mariana Islands), Uzbekistan 71 million 15
Vietnamese Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Vietic Official in Vietnam. Significant communities in Australia, Cambodia, Laos, France (New Caledonia), Norway, United States (California), Vanuatu. 70 million native, perhaps up to 16 million second language, = ~ 86 million total 17
Telugu Dravidian, South Central Official in India (Andhra Pradesh, district of Yanam). Significant communities in the United States, Bahrain, Fiji, Mauritius 70 million native, 10 million second language, = 80 million total (2006) 18
Marathi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Central Zone Official in India (Daman and Diu, Goa, Maharashtra). Significant communities in Mauritius. 68 million native, 3 million second language, = 71 million total 19
Tamil Dravidian, Southern Official in India (Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry), Singapore, Sri Lanka and Malaysia. Significant communities in Bahrain, Fiji, Mauritius, United Kingdom, United States, South Africa,Canada, France (Reunion). 68 million native, 9 million second language, = 77 million total 20
Urdu Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Hindustani Official in India (Andhra Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh); Pakistan. Significant communities in Bahrain, Botswana, Fiji, Malawi?, Mauritius, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa?, United Kingdom, United States 61 million native, 43 million second language, = 104 million total 21
Italian Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italian Official in Croatia (Istria County), Eritrea, Italy, San Marino, Switzerland (Graubünden, Ticino), Vatican City . Significant communities in Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, France, Greece, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, Somalia, Slovenia, United States (California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island), Uruguay 61 million native (all varieties, including 7 million Neapolitan and Calabrese, 5 million Sicilian [see entry below]) 22
Turkish Altaic, Turkic, Southwestern, Oghuz Official in Cyprus, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Turkey. Significant communities in Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iran, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands. 60 million native, 15 million second language, = 75 million total (2005 estimate). Total for Oghuz Turkish, including Azeri, Turkmen, and Qashqai, is 100 million native. 23
Kannada Dravidian, Southern Official in India (Karnataka). 55 million native, 9 million second language, = 64 million total (1997) 24
Gujarati Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Central Zone Official in India (Gujarat, Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli). Significant communities in many countries across the world, including Canada, Fiji, Guyana, Kenya, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, United States. 46 million 25
Polish Indo-European, Slavic, West Official in Poland. Significant communities in Belarus, Brazil, Canada, Ireland, Israel, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States (Connecticut, Illinois, New Jersey, Texas). 46 million 26
Ukrainian Indo-European, Slavic, East Official in Ukraine, Transnistria (de jure part of Moldova). Significant communities in Belarus, Canada, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Israel [citation needed], Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, USA 39 million 27
Malayalam Dravidian, Southern Official in India (Kerala, Lakshadweep, district of Mahe, Puducherry). Significant communities in Bahrain, Canada, Israel, Malayasia, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, United States, United Kingdom 37 million native, 10 million second language = 47 million 28
Oriya Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Magadhi Official in India (Orissa). 32 million native (1997) 30
Burmese Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese Official in Myanmar. 32 million native, 10 million second language, = 42 million total 31
Thai Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Be-Tai, Tai-Sek, Tai Official in Thailand. ~31 million native (1983 SIL, 1990 Diller, 2000 WCD) (dated data), = ~60 million first & second language (2001 A. Diller). Includes Southern Thai, Northern Thai/Western Lao, but not Shan, Isan, or Lao. 32

[edit] 10–30 million native speakers

Language Family Official status and where spoken natively, or as an immigrant language, by more than 1% of the population Number of speakers Ranking by number of native speakers
Amharic Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South Official in Ethiopia. Significant communities in Israel. 27 million native (32.7% Ethiopia [1994 census] and 2.7 million emigrants), 10% (7 million) as a second language = 34 million total 33
Sundanese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Native to Indonesia (originally western Java) 27 million (1990) 34
Azeri Altaic, Turkic, Southwestern, Oghuz Official in Azerbaijan. Native to Iran. Significant communities in Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Turkey, Iraq. 25–35 million native, including Qashqai (data for Iran uncertain); 8 million second language (outside Iran) 35
Kurdish Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Northwestern Official in Iraq. Native to Armenia, Iran, Syria, Turkey. Significant communities in Germany, Lebanon. ~10 million (assuming 12% of Turkey) 36
Pashto Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Southeastern Official in Afghanistan. Native to Pakistan. Significant communities in Iran, United Arab Emirates. 21–27 million (data uncertain; ethnic population ~30 million) 37
Hausa Afro-Asiatic, Chadic, West Official in Niger, north Nigeria. Significant communities in Chad, Benin, Ghana, Sudan 24 million native, ~ 15 million second language, = ~ 40 million total 38
Oromo Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Cushitic National language of Ethiopia. Significant communities in Kenya 24 million native (31.6% of Ethiopia [1994 census]), ~ 2 million second language, = 26 million total (1998 census) 39
Romanian Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern Official in Moldova, Romania, Serbia (Vojvodina). Significant communities in Greece, Hungary, USA, Israel, Spain, Ukraine. 24–26 million (2002) 40
Tagalog Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Meso Philippine, Central Philippines Official and Native in Philippines. Significant communities in Canada, People’s Republic of China (Hong Kong), Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United States (Alaska, California, Guam, Hawaii, Northern Mariana Islands). 22 million native (2000 census), ~65 million second language, = 85 million total 41
Dutch Indo-European, Germanic, West, Low Franconian Official in Belgium (Brussels and Flanders), Kingdom of the Netherlands, Suriname. Significant communities in South Africa 22 million [2] [3] 42
Uzbek Altaic, Turkic, Eastern Official in Uzbekistan. Native to Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan 20 million (1995) 43
Sindhi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in India, Pakistan. Significant communities in People’s Republic of China (Hong Kong) ?, Oman?. 20 million native, 1 million second language, = 21 million total (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 44
Yoruba Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Defoid, Yoruboid Official in Nigeria. Native to Benin 19 million native, 2 million second language, = 21 million total (1993) 45
Somali Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, Central Cushitic Official in Somalia. Native to Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya. Significant communities in United Arab Emirates, Yemen 13–25 million (2004 WCD) 46
Lao Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Tai Official in Laos. Native to Thailand. ~19 million Lao-Phutai dialects (including Isan) (data dated) 47
Cebuano Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Meso Philippine, Central Philippine, Visayan languages, Cebuan Native to Philippines 18.5 million native, ~11.5 million second language, =30 million total (2000 census) 48
Malay Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Malayic Official in Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore. Native to Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand. Significant communities in Australia, Bahrain. 18 million native, 3 million second language, = 21 million total (not counting Indonesian) 49
Igbo Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Igboid Official in Nigeria 18 million native (1999 WA), unknown number second language. 50
Serbo-Croatian Indo-European, Slavic, South Official in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatian, Montenegro, Serbia and called Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian in respective countries. Significant communities in Austria, Germany, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania, Slovenia. 17 million 51
Malagasy Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Barito Official in Madagascar. Significant communities in Mayotte, Reunion. 17 million 52
Nepali Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in Nepal, India (Sikkim). Significant communities in Bhutan. 17 million native (2001 census), perhaps 10–15 million second language? 53
Assamese Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Magadhan Prakrit, Bengali-Assamese Official in India (Assam). Significant communities in Bhutan. 15 million (1997) 54
Shona Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language of Zimbabwe. Significant communities in Botswana, Mozambique. 15 million native, 1.8 million second language, = 16–17 million total, including Ndau, Manyika (2000 A. Chebanne) 55
Khmer Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer Official in Cambodia. Significant communities in Thailand, United States (California), Vietnam 14 million native, 1 million second language, = 15 million total (2004) 56
Zhuang Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Tai Official in People's Republic of China (Guangxi) 14 million native (1992), unknown number second language 57
Madura Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Native to Indonesia (Originally Java, Madura) 14 million (1995) 58
Hungarian Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Ugric Official in Hungary, Serbia (Vojvodina), Slovenia. Significant communities in Israel, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine 14 million native (1995) 59
Sinhala Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in Sri Lanka. Significant communities in United Arab Emirates 13 million native, 2 million second language, = 15 million total (1993) 60
Fulani Niger-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Senegambian Official in Niger, Nigeria. National language in Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Senegal. Significant communities in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Sierra Leone. ~13 million (all varieties) 61
Tamazight Afro-Asiatic, Berber, Northern National language in Algeria (Kabyle), Morocco. Significant communities in France, Netherlands, Spain (Ceuta & Melilla). 13+ million (1998) 62
Haitian Creole Indo-European, Romance, Creole Official in Haiti. Significant communities in Bahamas, Canada (Quebec), Cayman Islands (UK), Dominican Republic, France (Guadeloupe), United States (Connecticut, Florida, New Jersey, Massachusetts, New York). 12 million (2005) 63
Czech Indo-European, Slavic, West Official in Czech Republic. 12 million (1990 WA). 64
Greek Indo-European, Greek Official in Cyprus, Greece. Significant communities in Albania, Australia, Canada, Egypt, Georgia. 12 million (2004), up to 5–6 million more second language 65
Kazakh Altaic, Turkic Official in Kazakhstan. Significant communities in People's Republic of China (Xinjiang), Russia, Mongolia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan 12 million 66
Quechua Quechuan Official in Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru. Significant communities in Argentina 10.4 million, all varieties 68

[edit] 3–10 million native speakers

Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the population Number of speakers Ranking by number of native speakers
Zulu Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Lesotho, Swaziland 9.6 million native, ~16 million second language, = ~25 million total (1996 census) 70
Chichewa (Nyanja) Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in Malawi, Zambia. Significant communities in Mozambique, Zimbabwe. 9.3 million native (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk), 0.4 million second language (1999 WA), = 9.7 million total 71
Belarusian Indo-European, Slavic, East Official in Belarus. Significant communities in Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Poland, Russia 9.1 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 72
Swedish Indo-European, Germanic, North National language of Sweden, Finland. 8.8 million (1986), ~9 million (2005) 73
Kongo Niger-Congo, Bantu National language in Angola, Congo-Brazzaville (Kituba), Congo-Kinshasa. 8.7 million, all varieties, including Yombe and creolized Kituba (1986–2002) (dated data) 74
Akan Niger-Congo, Kwa National language in Ghana 8.3 million native, ~1 million second language, = ~10 million total (2004 SIL) 75
Hmong Hmong-Mien China. Significant communities in France (French Guiana), Laos, United States (Minnesota, Wisconsin), Vietnam ~8 million, all varieties (1999 Li Yunbing) 76
Yi Tibeto-Burman People's Republic of China 7.8 million ethnic Yi (2000 census) 77
Tshiluba Niger-Congo, Bantu National language of Congo-Kinshasa 7.8 million native, 0.7 million second language, = 8.5 million total (1991 UBS). Includes 1.5 million Kiluba. 78
Ilokano Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Northern Philippine, Northern Luzon Philippines. Significant communities in United States (Hawaii). 7.7 million native (2000 census), ~2.3 second language = 10 million total 77
Uyghur Altaic, Turkic Official in People's Republic of China (Xinjiang). Significant communities in Kazakhstan 7.6 million 78
Bulgarian Indo-European, Slavic, South Official in Bulgaria. Significant communities in Moldova. 6.6 million in Bulgaria (2005) and ~1 million abroad = 7.5 million native 79
Kinyarwanda Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in Rwanda. Significant communities in Congo-Kinshasa, Uganda 7.3 million (1998) 80
Xhosa Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Lesotho 7.2 million (1996 census) 81
Balochi Indo-European, Iranian Native to Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan. Significant communities in Oman, United Arab Emirates 7.0 million (1998) 82
Hebrew Afro-Asiatic, Semitic Official in Israel. Significant communities in West Bank (Palestinian Territories), USA (New York, California). ~7 million native (2004? needs verification), 5.1 million (1998) (10 million literate) 83
Hiligaynon Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Meso Philippine, Central Philippine, Visayan, Central Visayan Philippines 6.9 million (2000 census), est. 4.1 million second language = ~11 million total 84
Tigrinya Afro-Asiatic, Semitic Official in Eritrea, Ethiopia 4.5 million in Ethiopia (6% of population-1994 census), ~2.25 million in Eritrea (50% of population-CIA) = 6.75 native, 146,934 as second language (1994 census) = 6.9 million total 85
Catalan Indo-European, Romance Official and Native to Andorra, Spain (Balearic Islands, Catalonia, Valencia),Aragon (La Franja), France (Pyrénées-Orientales), Italy (Alghero). 6.7 million native, ~5 million second language, = ~12 million total (1996) (includes Valencian) 86
Armenian Indo-European, isolate Official in Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh (de jure part of Azerbaijan). Significant communities in Georgia, Lebanon, Syria, France. 6.7 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk, etc.) 87
Minangkabau Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Malayic Indonesia (Sumatra) 6.5 million (1981 Moussay) (dated data) 88
Turkmen Altaic, Turkic Official in Turkmenistan. Significant communities in Afghanistan, Iran. 6.4 million (1995) 89
Makua Niger-Congo, Bantu Major language of Mozambique. Significant communities in Tanzania 6.4 million, all varieties, including Lomwe 90
Santali Austro-Asiatic, Munda Official in India 6.2 million (1997) 92
Batak Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Northern Sumatra Indonesia ~6.2 million, all varieties (c. 1991 UBS) (dated data). Includes Toba, Dairi, Simalungun, etc. 93
Albanian Indo-European, isolate Official in Albania, Macedonia, Serbia (Kosovo). Significant communities in Greece, Italy. 6.0 million (data from Albania dated) 94
Afrikaans Indo-European, Germanic, Low Franconian, Dutch Official in South Africa, Namibia. Significant communities in Botswana. 6.0 million native, 10.3 million second language, = 16 million total (1996 census) 95
Mongolian Altaic, Mongolian Official in People's Republic of China (Inner Mongolia), Mongolia 5.7 million 96
Bhili Indo-European, Indic India 5.6 million, all varieties (1994) (dated data). Includes 1.6 million Wagdi, etc. 97
Danish Indo-European, Germanic, North Official in Denmark, Faroe Islands (Denmark), Greenland (Denmark). Significant communities in Germany (Southern Schleswig) 5.6 million (2006?) 98
Finnish Uralic, Finnic Official in Finland, Russia (Republic of Karelia). Significant communities in Sweden and Estonia. 5.4 million (1993) (dated data) 99
Sanskrit Indian, Used in religious practises in Hinduism,. 5.3 million (1993) (dated data) 99
Gikuyu Niger-Congo, Bantu Major language of Kenya 5.3 million (1994 I. Larsen BTL) 100
Slovak Indo-European, Slavic, West Official in Slovakia. 5.0 million (1990 WA) 101
More Niger-Congo, Gur National language of Burkina Faso ~5 million (1991) 102
Swahili Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in Congo-Kinshasa, Kenya, Tanzania. Significant communities in Comoros, Mayotte, Oman, Réunion. ~5 million native, ~40 million second language [data need verification; only 700 thousand native in Tanzania] 103
Guarani Tupi Official in Paraguay. Significant communities in Argentina. 4.9 million (1995) 104
Kirundi Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in Burundi. 4.9 million (1986) (dated data) 105
Sesotho (southern) Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in Lesotho, South Africa. 4.9 million (1996 census) 106
Romani Indo-European, Indic Significant communities in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Iran, Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Turkey 4.8 million, all varieties, including Domari (data for Vlax 2002–2004; for Domari 2000 WCD). 107
Norwegian Indo-European, Germanic, North Official in Norway. 4.7 million (2006, Statistics Norway) 108
Tibetan Tibeto-Burman Official in People's Republic of China (Tibet, Qinghai, parts of Sichuan, Gansu) 4.6 million, all varieties 109
Tswana Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in Botswana, South Africa. National language of Namibia 4.4 million native, 0.2 million second language, = 4.6 million total (1993 Johnstone) (dated data) 110
Kanuri Nilo-Saharan, Saharan Official in Niger, Nigeria. Significant communities in Chad (Kanembu) 4.4 million native, 0.5 million second language, = 4.9 million total (data mostly from 1985) (dated data) 111
Kashmiri Indo-European, Indic Official in India (Jammu and Kashmir), Native to Pakistan. 4.6 million (1997) 112
Bikol Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Meso Philippine, Central Philippine Philippines 4.5 native, all varieties (2000 census), unknown number second language 113
Georgian Kartvelian Official in Georgia. Significant communities in Israel. 4.2 million (1993 UBS) 114
Umbundu Niger-Congo, Bantu National language of Angola ~4 million native, unknown number second language (1995 WA) 115
Konkani Indo-European, Indic Official in India (Goa).Significant communities in Uttara Kannada,Dakshina Kannada. ~4 million (1999 WA) 116
Balinese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Bali-Sasak Indonesia (Bali, Lombok) 3.9 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 117
Northern Sotho (sePedi) Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Botswana 3.7 million (1996 census) 118
Luyia Niger-Congo, Bantu Kenya 3.6 million (1989 census) (dated data) 119
Wolof Niger-Congo, Atlantic National language in Mauritania, Senegal. Significant communities in The Gambia. 3.6 million native (2002), unknown number second language 120
Bemba Niger-Congo, Bantu National language of Zambia 3.6 million native, unknown number second language (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 121
Buginese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, South Sulawesi Indonesia 3.5 million native, 0.5 million second language, = ~4 million total (1991 SIL) 122
Luo (Dholuo) Nilo-Saharan, Nilotic Kenya 3.5 million (1994 I. Larsen BTL) (dated data) 123
Maninka Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Guinea, Mali. Significant numbers in Liberia, Senegal, Sierra Leone. 3.3 million, all varieties 124
Mazanderani Indo-European, Iranian Iran 3.3 million (1993) (dated data) (numbers may be confused with or include Gilaki) 125
Gilaki Indo-European, Iranian Iran 3.3 million (1993) (dated data) (numbers may be confused with or include Mazanderani) 126
Shan Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Tai Myanmar 3.3 million 127
Tsonga Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Mozambique, Swaziland. 3.3 million (1989, 1996) (dated data) 128
Galician Indo-European, Romance. Official in Spain. 3.2 million (1986) (data dated) 129
Sukuma Niger-Congo, Bantu Tanzania 3.2 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 130
Yiddish Indo-European, Germanic Significant communities in Belarus, Israel, Latvia, Ukraine. 3.2 million 131
Jamaican Creole Indo-European, Germanic, Creole Jamaica. Significant communities in Panama, Costa Rica 3.2 million (2001) 131
Kyrgyz Altaic, Turkic Official in Kyrgyzstan. Native to Tajikistan 3.1 million (1993 UBS) (dated data) 132
Waray-Waray Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Meso Philippine, Central Philippine, Visayan, Central Visayan Philippines 3.1 native (2000 census), unknown number second language 132
Ewe Niger-Congo, Kwa Official in Togo. National language of Ghana. 3.1 million native, 0.5 million second language, = 3.6 million total (2003) 132
Lithuanian Indo-European, Baltic Official in Lithuania. Significant communities in Latvia. 3.1 million (1998) 132
Luganda Niger-Congo, Bantu Major language of Uganda 3.0 million native (1991 census), ~1 million second language (1999 WA), = ~ 4 million total 135
Lusoga Niger-Congo, Bantu Major language of Uganda, official status unclear/pending +/- 3 million native speakers (2002 census), +/- 100 000 second language speakers (dated data) 136
Acehnese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Malayic Indonesia ~3 million (1999 WA) 137
Kimbundu Niger-Congo, Bantu National language of Angola ~3 million (1999 WA) 138
Hindko Indo-European, Indic Pakistan ~3 million (1993) (dated data) 139
Ibibio-Efik Niger-Congo, Cross River Efik official in Nigeria ~3 million, including Anaang (1990; 1998 B. Connell) (dated data) 140

[edit] 1–3 million native speakers

Language Family Official status and where spoken natively, or as an immigrant language, by more than 1% of the population Number of speakers
Rajbangsi Indo-European, Indic India 3.0 million (1991 census) (dated data)
Garhwali Indo-European, Indic India 2.9 million (2000)
Bambara Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Mali 2.8 million native, 10 million second language, = 13 million total
Ometo Afro-Asiatic, Omotic Ethiopia 2.8 million, all varieties, including Welayta (1998 census)
Indian Sign Language Language isolate (Sign language) Bangladesh, India, Pakistan 2.7 million in India, plus unknown number in Bangladesh, Pakistan (2003). Same language as Pakistani Sign Language
Betawi creole Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Indonesia 2.7 million (1993 Johnstone) (dated data)
Karen Tibetan-Burman Myanmar, Thailand 2.6 million, all varieties (dated data)
Gondi Dravidian India 2.6 million (1997)
Senoufo Niger-Congo, Gur National language of Mali. Native to Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire. 2.6 million, all varieties (1991, 1993, 2001) (dated data)
Kalenjin Nilo-Saharan, Nilotic Kenya 2.5 million (1989 census) (dated data)
Kumauni Indo-European, Indic India 2.4 million in India (1998)
Kamba Niger-Congo, Bantu Kenya 2.4 million native, 0.6 million second language, = 3.0 million total (1989 census) (dated data)
Luri Indo-European, Iranian Iran 2.4 million (1999, 2001)
K'iche' Mayan Guatemala 2.3 million (2000 SIL)
Kapampangan Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Philippines 2.3 million (2000 census)
Aymara Aymaran Official in Bolivia, Peru. Significant numbers in Argentina. 2.2 million Central Aymara (1987), plus unknown number Southern Aymara in Peru (dated data; needs confirmation)
Tiv Niger-Congo, Bantoid Nigeria 2.2 million native, unknown number second language (1991 UBS) (dated data)
Brahui Dravidian Pakistan, Afghanistan 2.2 million
Gbaya Niger-Congo, Ubangian Central African Republic, Congo-Kinshasa 2.2 million, all varieties, including Ngbaka (2000 WCD)
Zarma Nilo-Saharan, Songhai Official in Niger 2.2 million (1998)
Baoul Niger-Congo, Kwa Côte d'Ivoire 2.1 million (1993 SIL) (dated data)
Dogri Indo-European, Indic Official in India (Jammu and Kashmir) 2.1 million (1997)
Lingala Niger-Congo, Bantu National language of Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa. 2.1 million native (2000 WCD), 7 million second language in Congo-Kinshasa (1999 WA), unknown additional second language speakers in Congo-Brazzaville, = 9+ million total. According to Britannica (2005 Yearbook) more than 36 million people speak lingala as lingua franca.
Sasak Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Indonesia 2.1 million (1989) (dated data)
Kurux Dravidian India, Nepal 2.1 million (1997)
Mundari Austro-Asiatic, Munda India 2.1 million (1997)
Dinka Nilo-Saharan, Nilotic Southern Sudan 2+ million
Slovenian Indo-European, Slavic Official in Austria, Italy, Slovenia. 2.0 million (1991 census) (dated data)
Buyei Tai-Kadai China ~2 million (1990 census) (dated data)
Beti-Pahuin Niger-Congo, Bantu Major language of Gabon, Equatorial Guinea. Significant communities in Cameroon, São Tomé and Príncipe. ~2 million. Includes Fang, Ewondo, etc.
Dimli Indo-European, Iranian Turkey 1.5–2.5 million (all dialects) (1998 Paul)
Tulu Dravidian India 1.9 million (1997)
Sidamo Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic Ethiopia 1.9 million, 0.1 million second language, = 2.0 million total (1998 census)
Bashkir Altaic, Turkic Official in Russia (Bashkortostan) 1.9 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Yao Niger-Congo, Bantu Malawi, Tanzania, Mozambique ~1.9 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Chuvash Altaic, Turkic Official in Russia (Chuvashia) 1.8 million native, 0.2 million second language, = 2.0 million total (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Ijaw Niger-Congo, unclassified Nigeria 1.8 million (all varieties)
Fon Niger-Congo, Kwa National language of Benin Significant communities in Togo 1.7 million native (2000 Hoddenbagh), unknown number second language
Swazi Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa, Swaziland. Significant communities in Lesotho 1.7 million (1996 census, 1993 Johnstone)
Nyankore Niger-Congo, Bantu Uganda 1.6 million (1991 census) (dated data)
Tatar Altaic, Turkic Official in Russia (Tatarstan). Significant communities in Bashkortostan, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan 1.6 million (1989 census) [6.6 million ethnic Tatar]
Makasar Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Indonesia 1.6 million native, 0.4 million second language, = 2 million total (1989) (dated data)
Macedonian language Indo-European, Slavic Official in Macedonia 1.6 million (1986) (dated data)
Gusii Niger-Congo, Bantu Kenya 1.6 million (1994 I. Larsen BTL) (dated data)
Khandesi Indo-European, Indic India 1.6 million (1997)
Ndebele Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. National language of Zimbabwe. 1.6 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Chin Tibetan-Burman Myanmar, India 1.6 million (1990 BAP, 1996 UBS) (dated data). All varieties, but not including Mizo etc.
Sara Nilo-Saharan, Central Sudanic, Bongo-Bagirmi National language of Chad. Significant communities in Central African Republic. 1.5 million native, all varieties, large number second-language speakers (dated data)
Pangasinan Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Philippines 1.5 million (2000 census)
Latvian Indo-European, Baltic Official in Latvia. Significant communities in Australia. 1.5 million
Tonga Niger-Congo, Bantu Zambia, Zimbabwe 1.5 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Lampung Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Indonesia ~1.5 million (1981 Wurm and Hattori) (dated data)
Sardinian Indo-European, Romance Official in Italy (Sardinia) ~1.5 million (1977 M. Ibba, Rutgers University) (dated data)
Scots Indo-European, Germanic, West, Anglic Scotland, Significant communities in Northern Ireland ~1.5 million native (General Register Office for Scotland, 1996)
Dong Tai-Kadai China 1.5 million
Mende Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Sierra Leone 1.5 million native, unknown number second language (1987 UBS) (dated data)
Tày Tai-Kadai Vietnam 1.5 million in Viet Nam (1999 census)
Nahuatl Uto-Aztecan, isolate Mexico 1.4 million (all varieties) (dated data)
Afar Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti 1.4 million (1998 census)
Dagbani Niger-Congo, Gur National language of Ghana 1.4 million, including Kusaal, Mampruli (2004 SIL)
Koli Indo-European, Indic India, Pakistan 1.4 million, all varieties (some data dated)
Chiga Niger-Congo, Bantu Uganda 1.4 million (1991 census) (dated data)
Tumbuka Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in Malawi. Significant communities in Zambia 1.3 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Iu Mien Hmong-Mien, Yao China 1.3 million, all varieties (1995 Wang and Mao)
Meru Niger-Congo, Bantu Kenya 1.3 million (1994 I. Larsen BTL) (dated data)
Gogo Niger-Congo, Bantu Tanzania ~1.3 million (1992 UBS) (dated data)
Teso Nilo-Saharan, Nilotic Uganda. Significant communities in Kenya 1.3 million (1991 census) (dated data)
Meithei Tibetan-Burman Official in India (Manipur) 1.3 million (1997)
Tamang Tibetan-Burman Nepal 1.3 million
Makonde Niger-Congo, Bantu Tanzania, Mozambique 1.3 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Bai Tibetan-Burman, unclassified China 1.2 million (2003)
Tuareg Afro-Asiatic, Berber, Southern Official in Niger. National language of Mali. 1.2 million (1991–1998) [dated data]
Mandinka Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Senegal. Significant communities in Gambia, Guinea-Bissau. 1.2 million (2002)
Jula Niger-Congo, Mande Native to Burkina Faso, Significant communities in Côte d'Ivoire ~1.2 million native, 3–4 million second language
Temne Niger-Congo, Atlantic National language of Sierra Leone ~1.2 million native, 0.2 million second language, = ~1.4 million total (1989 J. Kaiser) (dated data)
Haya Niger-Congo, Bantu Tanzania ~1.2 million (1991 UBS) (dated data)
Serer Niger-Congo, Atlantic National language of Senegal. Significant communities in Gambia. 1.2 million (2002)
Beja Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic or isolate Sudan, Eritrea 1.2 million (1982 SIL) (dated data)
Nyamwezi Niger-Congo, Bantu Tanzania 1.2 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Abron Niger-Congo, Kwa Ghana 1.2 million (2003)
Alur Nilo-Saharan, Nilotic Congo-Kinshasa, Uganda 1.2 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Sena Niger-Congo, Bantu Mozambique, Malawi 1.2 million, all varieties
Azande Niger-Congo, Ubangian Congo-Kinshasa, Southern Sudan, Central African Republic 1.1 million (dated data)
Walloon Indo-European, Romance Belgium 1.1 million (1998)
Anyi Niger-Congo, Kwa Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana 1.2 million (1993 SIL) (dated data)
Malvi Indo-European, Indic India 1.1 million (1997)
Kinaray-a Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Philippines 1.1 million native (2000 census)
Soninke Niger-Congo, Mande National language in Mali, Mauritania, Senegal. Significant communities in Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia. 1.10 million (1991) (dated data)
Ho Austro-Asiatic, Munda India 1.08 million (1997)
Estonian Uralic, Finnic Official in Estonia 1.08 million (1989 census) (dated data)
Nyakyusa Niger-Congo, Bantu Tanzania, Malawi 1.05 million (1992 UBS) (dated data)
Gwari Niger-Congo, Nupe Nigeria 1.05 million (1991 SIL, 2002 SIL) (dated data)
Lugbara Nilo-Saharan, Central Sudanic, Moru-Madi Congo-Kinshasa, Uganda 1.04 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk, 1983 SIL) (dated data)
Naga Tibetan-Burman India 1.03 million, all varieties (1997)
Susu Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Guinea. Significant communities in Sierra Leone. 1.03 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
Tausug Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Philippines Significant communities in Indonesia (Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah) 1.02 million native (2000 census)
Chokwe Niger-Congo, Bantu National language of Angola. Significant communities in Congo-Kinshasa 1.01 million (1990 UBS) (dated data)
Kabardian Caucasic, Circassian Official in Russia (Kabardino-Balkaria). Significant communities in Karachay-Cherkessia, Turkey 1.01 million (1993 UBS, 2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) (dated data)
Ryūkyū Japonic, Ryūkyūan Japan 1.01 million, all varieties (2000 WCD)
Magindanaw Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Philippines 1.0 million native (2000 census), unknown number second language
Maranao Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Philippines 1.0 million native (2000 census)
Songe Niger-Congo, Bantu Congo-Kinshasa ~1 million (1991 WA) (dated data)
Rejang Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian Indonesia ~1 million (1981 Wurm and Hattori) (dated data)
Bini Niger-Congo, Edo Official in Nigeria ~1 million (1999 WA)
Ebira Niger-Congo, Nupe Nigeria ~1 million (1989 J. Adive) (dated data)
Dagaare Niger-Congo, Gur National language of Ghana. Significant communities in Burkina Faso. ~1 million (2003)
Gujari Indo-European, Indic Afghanistan, India, Pakistan 0.99 million (2000 WCD)
Tharu Indo-European, Indic Nepal 0.99 million, all varieties
Chechen Caucasic, Nakh Official in Russia (Chechnya). 0.96 million (1989 census) (dated data!)
Venda Niger-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa 0.96 million (1996 census)
Arakanese Tibetan-Burman Myanmar, Bangladesh 0.95 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)

[edit] External links

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