List of consonants

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List of consonants

Contents 1 Ordered by place of articulation 1.1 Labial consonants 1.1.1 Bilabial consonants 1.1.2 Labiodental consonants 1.2 Coronal consonants 1.2.1 Dental consonants 1.2.2 Retroflex consonants 1.2.3 Alveolar consonants 1.2.4 Postalveolar consonants 1.2.5 Alveolo-palatal consonants 1.3 Dorsal consonants 1.3.1 Palatal consonants 1.3.1.1 Labial-palatal consonants 1.3.2 Velar consonants 1.3.2.1 Labial-velar consonants 1.3.3 Uvular consonants 1.4 Radical consonants 1.4.1 Pharyngeal consonants 1.4.2 Epiglottal consonants 1.5 Glottal consonants 2 Ordered by manner of articulation 2.1 Nasal consonants 2.2 Plosive (stop) consonants 2.3 Fricative consonants 2.4 Affricate consonants 2.5 Approximant consonants 2.6 Flap (tap) consonants 2.7 Trill consonants 2.8 Ejective consonants 2.9 Implosive consonants 2.10 Click consonants 3 See also

[edit] Ordered by place of articulation

[edit] Labial consonants

[edit] Bilabial consonants

• bilabial click [ʘ]
• bilabial ejective [pʼ]
• bilabial nasal [m] (man)
• bilabial trill [ʙ]
• bilabial approximant [β̞]
• voiced bilabial fricative [β]
• voiced bilabial implosive [ɓ]
• voiced bilabial plosive [b] (bed)
• Voiced bilabial affricate
• voiceless bilabial fricative [ɸ]
• voiceless bilabial plosive [p] (spin)
• Voiceless bilabial affricate

[edit] Labiodental consonants

• labiodental approximant [ʋ]
• labiodental nasal [ɱ] (symphony)
• voiced labiodental fricative [v] (van)
• Voiced labiodental plosive
• Voiced labiodental affricate
• voiceless labiodental fricative [f] (fan)
• Voiceless labiodental plosive
• Voiceless labiodental affricate

[edit] Coronal consonants

[edit] Dental consonants

• dental click [ǀ]
• dental ejective [t̪ʼ]
• dental nasal [n̪]
• voiced dental fricative [ð] (this)
• voiced dental implosive [ɗ̪]
• voiced dental plosive [d̪]
• voiceless dental fricative [θ] (thing)
• voiceless dental plosive [t̪]

[edit] Retroflex consonants

• retroflex approximant [ɻ]
• retroflex flap [ɽ]
• retroflex lateral approximant [ɭ]
• retroflex nasal [ɳ]
• voiced retroflex fricative [ʐ]
• voiced retroflex plosive [ɖ]
• voiced retroflex affricate [ɖ͡ʐ]
• voiceless retroflex fricative [ʂ]
• voiceless retroflex plosive [ʈ]
• voiceless retroflex affricate [ʈ͡ʂ],

[edit] Alveolar consonants

• alveolar approximant [ɹ] (red)
• alveolar ejective [tʼ]
• alveolar ejective fricative [sʼ]
• alveolar flap [ɾ]
• alveolar lateral approximant [l] (lead)
• alveolar lateral flap [ɺ]
• alveolar nasal [n] (none)
• alveolar trill [r]
• lateral alveolar click [ǁ]
• velarized alveolar lateral approximant [ɫ]
• voiced alveolar fricative [z] (zoo)
• voiced alveolar implosive [ɗ]
• voiced alveolar lateral fricative [ɮ]
• voiced alveolar plosive [d] (done)
• voiced alveolar affricate d͡z
• voiceless alveolar fricative [s] (son)
• voiceless alveolar lateral fricative [ɬ]
• voiceless alveolar plosive [t] (ton)
• voiceless alveolar affricate t͡s

[edit] Postalveolar consonants

• postalveolar click [ǃ]
• voiced postalveolar affricate [dʒ] (jug)
• voiced postalveolar fricative [ʒ] (vision)
• voiceless postalveolar affricate [tʃ] (chip)
• voiceless postalveolar fricative [ʃ] (ship)

[edit] Alveolo-palatal consonants

• voiced alveolo-palatal fricative [ʑ]
• voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative [ɕ]
• voiced alveolo-palatal affricate [d̠͡ʑ]
• voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate [t̠͡ɕ]

[edit] Dorsal consonants

[edit] Palatal consonants

• palatal approximant [j] (yes)
• palatal click [ǂ]
• palatal ejective [cʼ]
• palatal lateral approximant [ʎ]
• palatal nasal [ɲ]
• voiced palatal fricative [ʝ]
• voiced palatal implosive [ʄ]
• voiced palatal plosive [ɟ]
• voiceless palatal fricative [ç]
• voiceless palatal plosive [c]

[edit] Labial-palatal consonants

• labial-palatal approximant [ɥ]

[edit] Velar consonants

• velar approximant [ɰ]
• velar ejective [kʼ]
• velar lateral approximant [ʟ]
• velar nasal [ŋ] (ring)
• voiced velar fricative [ɣ]
• voiced velar implosive [ɠ]
• voiced velar plosive [g] (get)
• voiceless palatal-velar fricative [ɧ]
• voiceless velar fricative [x]
• voiceless velar plosive [k] (kick, cat)

[edit] Labial-velar consonants

• voiced labial-velar approximant [w] (witch)
• voiceless labial-velar approximant [ʍ] (which)

[edit] Uvular consonants

• uvular ejective [qʼ]
• uvular nasal [ɴ]
• uvular trill [ʀ]
• voiced uvular fricative [ʁ]
• voiced uvular implosive [ʛ]
• voiced uvular plosive [ɢ]
• voiceless uvular fricative [χ]
• voiceless uvular plosive [q]

[edit] Radical consonants

[edit] Pharyngeal consonants

• voiced pharyngeal fricative [ʕ]
• voiceless pharyngeal fricative [ħ]

[edit] Epiglottal consonants

• epiglottal plosive [ʡ]
• voiced epiglottal fricative [ʢ]
• voiceless epiglottal fricative [ʜ]

[edit] Glottal consonants

• voiced glottal fricative [ɦ]
• voiceless glottal fricative [h] (hat)
• voiceless glottal plosive [ʔ]

[edit] Ordered by manner of articulation

[edit] Nasal consonants

• alveolar nasal [n]
• bilabial nasal [m]
• dental nasal [n̪]
• labiodental nasal [ɱ]
• palatal nasal [ɲ]
• retroflex nasal [ɳ]
• uvular nasal [ɴ]
• velar nasal [ŋ]

[edit] Plosive (stop) consonants

• epiglottal plosive [ʡ]
• voiced alveolar plosive [d]
• voiced bilabial plosive [b]
• voiced dental plosive [d̪]
• voiced palatal plosive [ɟ]
• voiced retroflex plosive [ɖ]
• voiced uvular plosive [ɢ]
• voiced velar plosive [g]
• voiceless alveolar plosive [t]
• voiceless bilabial plosive [p]
• voiceless dental plosive [t̪]
• voiceless glottal plosive [ʔ]
• voiceless palatal plosive [c]
• voiceless retroflex plosive [ʈ]
• voiceless uvular plosive [q]
• voiceless velar plosive [k]

[edit] Fricative consonants

• alveolar ejective fricative [sʼ]
• voiced alveolar fricative [z]
• voiced alveolar lateral fricative [ɮ]
• voiced alveolo-palatal fricative [ʑ]
• voiced bilabial fricative [β]
• voiced dental fricative [ð]
• voiced epiglottal fricative [ʢ]
• voiced glottal fricative [ɦ]
• voiced labiodental fricative [v]
• voiced palatal fricative [ʝ]
• voiced pharyngeal fricative [ʕ]
• voiced postalveolar fricative [ʒ]
• voiced retroflex fricative [ʐ]
• voiced uvular fricative [ʁ]
• voiced velar fricative [ɣ]
• voiceless alveolar fricative [s]
• voiceless alveolar lateral fricative [ɬ]
• voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative [ɕ]
• voiceless bilabial fricative [ɸ]
• voiceless dental fricative [θ]
• voiceless epiglottal fricative [ʜ]
• voiceless glottal fricative [h]
• voiceless labiodental fricative [f]
• voiceless palatal fricative [ç]
• voiceless palatal-velar fricative [ɧ]
• voiceless pharyngeal fricative [ħ]
• voiceless postalveolar fricative [ʃ]
• voiceless retroflex fricative [ʂ]
• voiceless uvular fricative [χ]
• voiceless velar fricative [x]

[edit] Affricate consonants

• voiced postalveolar affricate [dʒ]
• voiceless postalveolar affricate [tʃ]

[edit] Approximant consonants

• alveolar approximant [ɹ]
• alveolar lateral approximant [l]
• bilabial approximant [β̞]
• labial-palatal approximant [ɥ]
• labial-velar approximant (voiced) [w]
• labial-velar approximant (voiceless) [ʍ]
• labiodental approximant [ʋ]
• palatal approximant [j]
• palatal lateral approximant [ʎ]
• retroflex approximant [ɻ]
• retroflex lateral approximant [ɭ]
• velar approximant [ɰ]
• velar lateral approximant [ʟ]
• velarized alveolar lateral approximant [ɫ]

[edit] Flap (tap) consonants

• alveolar flap [ɾ]
• alveolar lateral flap [ɺ]
• retroflex flap [ɽ]

[edit] Trill consonants

• alveolar trill [r]
• bilabial trill [ʙ]
• uvular trill [ʀ]

[edit] Ejective consonants

• alveolar ejective fricative [sʼ]
• alveolar ejective [tʼ]
• bilabial ejective [pʼ]
• dental ejective [t̪ʼ]
• palatal ejective [cʼ]
• uvular ejective [qʼ]
• velar ejective [kʼ]

[edit] Implosive consonants

• voiced alveolar implosive [ɗ]
• voiced bilabial implosive [ɓ]
• voiced dental implosive [ɗ̪]
• voiced palatal implosive [ʄ]
• voiced uvular implosive [ʛ]
• voiced velar implosive [ɠ]

[edit] Click consonants

• bilabial click [ʘ]
• dental click [ǀ]
• lateral alveolar click [ǁ]
• palatal click [ǂ]
• postalveolar click [ǃ]

[edit] See also

• Consonant
• Table of consonants
• List of phonetics topics