List of basic community topics
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For a more comprehensive list, see the List of community topics.
Basic topics in community include:
[edit] Nature of community
- Main article: Community
[edit] Community kinds
Community, the human community:
- World community, the global aspects of community from the perspective of governance and the humanities
- International community, the global aspects of community from the perspective of governance and the humanities
- Global village, the global aspects of community from the perspective of telecommunications
[edit] Ideational or abstract community kinds
- Business community, the total body of business people its relationships and interactions
- Religious community, the total body of religious people its relationships and interactions
- Scientific community, the total body of scientists, its relationships and interactions
- Epistemic community, those who accept one version of a story
- Discourse Community, used in linguistics to describe the users of a particular style of language
- Moral community, a group of people drawn together by a common interest in living according to a particular moral philosophy
- Voluntary association, a group of individuals who voluntarily enter into an agreement to accomplish a purpose
- Cooperative, a group of persons who join together (co-operate) to carry on an economic activity of mutual benefit
[edit] Geographic and physical community kinds
Human geography, who people are and where they live
- European Community, founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome
- Community council, tier of local government in Wales and Scotland
- Autonomous communities of Spain, Spain's fifty provinces are grouped into seventeen autonomous communities
- Communities, Regions and provinces of Belgium
- Local community, a town, city, neighborhood, rural area, or any locale and everyone in it
- Unincorporated community, a geographic area having a common social identity
- Residential community, a community, usually a small town or city, that is composed mostly of residents
- Intentional Community, a planned residential community, usually of people that share personal and cultural values.
- Cohousing communities, a kind of intentional community composed of private homes centered around a common house and other common facilities.
- Ecovillage, a kind of intentional community formed with social, economic, and ecological sustainability as its goal.
- Commune (intentional community), a kind of intentional community where most resources are shared and there is little or no personal property (as opposed to communities that only share housing)
- Monastery, a community of usually monks practicing a religious discipline
- Convent, a community of clergy particularly in the Roman Catholic Church and, to a lesser degree, in the Anglican Church
[edit] Classification
[edit] Types of communities
Category:Types of communities:
Community of...
- Action, a group of people organized to support a cause or bring about social change
- Circumstance, a group of people bound together because of circumstances usually beyond their control
- Interest, a group of people who share a common interest or passion
- Place, a group of people bound together because of where they spend a continuous portion of their time
- Position, a group of people who share a particular station in life (such as teenage years, marriage, parenthood, etc.)
- Practice, a group of people who choose to collaborate over an extended period to share ideas, find solutions, and build innovations.
- Purpose, a group of people who are going through the same process or are trying to achieve a similar objective
[edit] Other types
- Affinity group, is a small group of activists (usually from 3-20) who work together on direct action
- Intentional community, a planned residential community with a much higher degree of social interaction than other communities
- Learning community, a cohort-based, interdisciplinary approach to higher education covering distinct fields of study
- Virtual community, See Vitual community section below
- Web community
[edit] Types of cooperatives
- Housing cooperative, a legal entity that owns real estate, usually one or more residential buildings
- Retailers' cooperative, a network of retailers which employs economies of scale to get discounts from manufacturers and to pool marketing
- Consumers' cooperative, a type of cooperative which employs economies of scale to get discounts from distributers
- Utility cooperative, a public utility such as electric, water or telecommunications owned by its members
- Worker cooperative, a type of business entity owned in part or exclusively by its workers
[edit] History of community
- Main article: History of community
[edit] Basic community concepts, movements and schools of thought
- Sense of community, a look from the psychological perspective at how and why communities form and why people join them
- Scientific Community Metaphor, an approach in computer science to understanding and performing scientific communities
- Community politics, a movement in British politics to re-engage people with political action on a local level
- Imagined communities, a concept that nations are socially constructed by the imaginations of people
- Collectivist and Individualist cultures, a look at the differences between collectivism and individualism
- Internationalism (politics), a political movement which advocates cooperation between nations for the benefit of all
[edit] Academic subjects
- Community studies, an academic discipine, drawing on sociology and anthropology with emphasis on ethnography (participant observation)
- Community psychology, the use of the principles of psychology to understand how communities work (or fail to work)
- Computational sociology, a recently developed branch of sociology that uses computation to analyze social phenomena
- Cultural anthropology, a field of anthropology comprising the holistic study of humanity
- Internet studies, an emerging field of academia dealing with the interaction between the Internet and modern society
- Organizational Development, a branch of Sociology that deals with how and why people organize themselves
- Philosophy of social science, the scholarly elucidation and debate of accounts of the nature of the social sciences
- Rural sociology, a field of sociology associated with the study of life in small towns and the country.
- Social geography, how society affects geographical features and how environmental factors affect society.
- Social philosophy, the philosophical study of interesting questions about social behavior (typically, of humans).
- Social sciences, groups of academic disciplines that study the human aspects of the world using scientific methods
- Sociocultural evolution, theories of cultural evolution and social evolution, describing how cultures and societies have developed over time
- Urban planning, the discipline which deals with the development of metropolitan areas, municipalities and neighbourhoods
[edit] Concepts and principles
- Communitarianism, a group of related but distinct philosophies advocating phenomena such as civil society
- Consensus decision-making, inclusive decision-making processes that accommodate even the minority
- Meritocracy, a form of government based on rule by ability (merit) rather than by wealth or other determinants of social position.
- Interpersonal relationship, a connection, affiliation or association between two or more people
- Social capital, a concept with a variety of inter-related definitions, based on the economic value of social networks
- Communitas, a Latin noun for the spirit of community having significance in cultural anthropology and the social sciences.
- Community television, television stations that are owned and operated by communities rather than governments or corporations
- Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft, terms introduced by German sociologist Ferdinand Tönnies to distinguish community from society
- Group dynamics, the field of study within the social sciences that focuses on the nature of groups
- Small-group communication, communication in a context that mixes interpersonal communication interactions with social clustering
- Socialization, the process by which people learn to adopt the behavior patterns of the community in which they live
- Collectivism, a school of thought, antithetical to Individualism, in which the collective takes precedence over the individual
- Organizational learning, an area of knowledge that looks at how an organization learns and adapts
[edit] Terms
- Affinity (sociology), in terms of sociology, refers to "kinship of spirit", interest and other interpersonal commonalities
- Cenobitic, a monastic tradition that stresses community life as opposed to eremitic — like a hermit.
- Collective, a group of people who share common interests, working together to achieve a common objective
- Consanguinity, the quality of being descended from the same ancestor as another person
- Emergence, complex pattern formation from simpler rules
- Group (sociology), a collection of people who share characteristics, interact and have a common identity
- Liminality, a period of transition related to initiation, rite of passage or other entry into a group
- Meeting, two or more people coming together to have discussions or produce a predetermined output, often in a formalized way
- Organization, a formal group of people with one or more shared goals
- Plenary session, the part of a meeting when all members of all parties are in attendance
- Solidarity (sociology), the feeling or condition of unity based on common goals, interests, and sympathies among a group's members
[edit] Community scholars
[edit] Leaders in community
[edit] Community lists
- Main article: List of community topics
[edit] Community development
Community development refers to efforts to improve communities:
- Community organizing, a process by which people are brought together to act in common self-interest
- Community building often refers to the more informal (or intangible) aspects of community development
- Community economic development refers to efforts to improve the material aspects of local communities
- Community practice, a type of social work practice that focuses on community level interventions
- Community service, service (voluntary or compulsory) that a person performs for the benefit of his or her local community
[edit] Virtual community
Virtual community, a group of people communicating with each other by means of information technologies:
- Bulletin board system
- Chat room, an online site in which people can chat online (talk by broadcasting messages to people on the same site in real time)
- Community 2.0, a second generation (Web 2.0) of web services that lets people collaborate and share information online
- Computer-mediated communication
- Discourse community
- Electronic mailing list, a special usage of e-mail that allows for widespread distribution of information to many Internet users
- Internet activism
- Internet forum
- Internet social network
- Massively distributed collaboration
- Motivations for Contributing to Online Communities
- Massively Multiplayer Online Role-playing Games
- Network of practice
- Online deliberation
- Online wedding
- Social network
- Social evolutionary computation
- The Virtual Community
- Usenet, a distributed Internet discussion system that evolved from a general purpose UUCP network of the same name
- Virtual Community of Practice
- Virtual Ethnography
- Virtual reality
- Web community
- Web of trust
- Wireless community projects, the development of interlinked computer networks
- World Wide Web, a global, read-write information space
See also Category:Virtual reality communities
[edit] Community institutions
- Community college, an educational institution providing post-secondary education
- Community foundations, institutions that pool donations into coordinated investments for grants
- Community (trade union), a trade union in the UK
[edit] Actual communities
Lists of communities, co-ops, etc.:
Lists of virtual communities:
The world community:
Note to dialup users: the following lists are massive
- List of countries, a comprehensive list of countries of the world
- List of subnational entities, a comprehensive list of subnational entities, (states, provinces, communities, etc)
[edit] Online communities
- Craigslist: a centralized network of online urban communities, featuring free classified advertisements (with jobs, housing, personals, for sale/barter/wanted, services, community, gigs and resumes categories) and forums sorted by various topics
[edit] Other community topics
- Global Ecovillage Network, a global association of people and communities (ecovillages) dedicated to living "sustainable plus" lives
- Communication, the process of sending information to oneself or another entity, usually via a language
- Gathering place, a phenomenal natural location crucial to culture and civilization
- Community Boards, a community-based mediation program, established in 1976, in San Francisco, California, USA
- Community garden, small plots of land allocated to groups of people by some organization for collective gardening
- WELL, (Whole Earth Lectronic Link or The WELL) - one of the oldest virtual communities still online.
- The Farm (Tennessee), a spiritual intentional community in Summertown, Tennessee, known informally as a hippie commune
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
[edit] Other uses of the term "community"
- CommUnity, an esoteric programming language
- Community: A NewOrderOnline Tribute, a tribute album (music recording)
- Biological community, all the interacting organisms living together in a specific habitat
[edit] Sources and references
These sources and references are being gleened from the articles listed above. If you know of any others, internal or external please add them.
[edit] Books and authors
Many of these books and authors are (or will soon be) covered in existing Wikipedia articles:
- BetterTogether: Civic Engagement in America by Robert D. Putnam and Lewis M. Feldstein
- Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community by Robert D. Putnam (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000), ISBN 0743203046
- Creating a Life Together: Practical Tools to Grow Ecovillages and Intentional Communities by Diana Leafe Christian. New Society Publishers ( 2003). ISBN 0865714711
- Economy and Society by Max Weber
- Sociology of Community by Max Weber
- Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft by Ferdinand Tönnies (1887)
- The Different Drum: Community-Making and Peace by M. Scott Peck
- The Forms of Capital by Pierre Bourdieu
- The Great Good Place (Oldenburg) by Ray Oldenburg (New York: Paragon Books, 1989) ISBN 1569246815
[edit] Authors
This is just a flat list of authors who write about community topics:
Jean Lave, Etienne Wenger, John Seely Brown, Paul Duguid, Pierre Rosanvallon, Jacques Fournier, Jacques Attali, Louis Wirth, William Foote Whyte, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, ...
[edit] External links
[edit] Journals and publications
- UK Commission for Rural Communities - publications
- Community Development Journal (Oxford)
- USDA Rural Development - Publications
- Journal of Community Psychology
- Journal of Rural Community Psychology
- Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology
[edit] Organizations and projects
- The Citizen's Handbook
- Fellowship for Intentional Community
- Global Ecovillage Network
- BetterTogether.org
- Social Capital in Tampa Bay (University of South Florida)
- Ray Oldenburg's Project for Public Spaces (PPS)
- Community Toolbox
[edit] Academic articles
- Crime and Violence in Rural Communities
- Community - a review of the theory (Infed.org)
- Community Psychology: In Pursuit of Well-Being and Liberation
- Psychological Sense of Community: Theory of McMillan & Chavis (1986)
- Internet, Innovation and Open Source:Actors in the Network — First Monday article by Ilkka Tuomi (2000)
- ...
[edit] Other
- Community Economic Development Institute (Cape Breton University)
- Smart Communities Blog
- Community Development Ideas
- ...
[edit] See also
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