List of Sabini

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Holders of the name Sabinus.

• Sabinus, a consularis under Heliogabalus. Ulpian commented on his writings Ulpian commented, according to Aelius Lampridius (Anton. HeliogaB. C. 16), although this is an error of Lampridius. (In his life of Alexander Severus, Aelius Lampridius mentions among the consiliarii of Alexander, a "Fabius Sabinus, a son of Sabinus, an illustrious man, the Cato of his time", who may have been a jurist, though he is probably not to be identified with this Sabinus - Grotius, Vitae Jurisconsul, p. 189.)

Heliogabalus, in a low tone of voice, ordered a centurion to put Sabinus to death for staying in the city ; but the centurion, who was rather deaf, thought that the order was to drive him out of Rome, which he did, and thus saved the life of Sabinus.

• Sabinus, urban prefect and consularis, under Maximinus Thrax. He was killed whilst trying to put down the riot which erupted when news arrived of Gordian I and II's accession in Africa. (Capitolin. Maximin. duo, 14, Gordian. tres, 13 ; Herodian. vii. 15.)

• Sabinus (Greek - Sabinos), two literary figures:
  • A sophist and rhetorician, who flourished under Hadrian, and wrote a work in four books, entitled "Eisagoge kai hupotheseis meletetikes hules", and also Commentaries on Thucydides, Acusilaus, and some other authors, as well as other exegetical works. (Suid. s. v.) He seems to have been a native of Zeugma, as Suidas tells us that "Sergius of Zeugma" wrote an epitaph for "his brother Sabinus the sophist".
  • The author of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology, in imitation of Leonidas of Tarentum. It is not known with certainty whether he was the same person as the sophist. (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 304 ; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. iii. p. 18, vol. xiii. p. 948 , Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. p. 494.)
  • A bishop of Heracleia in Thrace, and a follower of the heresy of Macedonius, was one of the earliest writers on ecclesiastical councils. His work, entitled "synagoge tov synodon", is frequently quoted by Socrates and other ecclesiastical historians. (Soc. H. E. i. 5, ii. 11, 13, 16 ; Sozom. H. E. Praef. ; Niceph. Call. ix. ; Epiphan. Haer. ii. 8, 9, 17.) He appears to have lived about the end of the reign of Theodosius II. (Vossius, de Hist. Graec. Dp. 307, 314,494 ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xii.pp/182,183.) [P.S.]

• Sabinus, a physician, and one of the most eminent of the ancient commentators on Hippocrates, who lived before Julianus (Galen, Adv. Julian, c. 3. vol. xviii. pt. i. p. 255), and was tutor to Metrodorus (id. Comment, in Hippocr. MEpid. III." i. 4. vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 507, 8), and Stratonicus (id. de Atra Bile, c. 4. vol. v. p. ] 19), and must therefore have lived about the end of the 1st century AD. Galen frequently quotes him, and controverts some of his opinions, but at the same time allows that he and Rufus Ephesius (who is commonly mentioned in conjunction with him) comprehended the meaning of Hippocrates better than most of the other com mentators (Galen, de Ord. Libror. suor. vol. xix. p. 58: comp. Comment, in Hippocr. "Epid. VI." ii. 10. vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 849.) It is not known whether Sabinus commented on the whole of the Hippocratic Collection ; the quotations, &c. in Galen only relate to the Aphorisms, Epidemics, de Naiura Hominis, and de Humoribus; and Aulus Gellius has preserved a fragment of his commentary on the treatise de Alimento (iii. 16). See Littre's Oeuvres d"1 Hippocr. vol. i. p. 101, &c. [W. A. G.]

• Albius Sabinus was a co-heir (coheres) with Cicero. It is in reference to him that Cicero speaks of the Albianum negotium. (Cic. ad Ait. xiii. 14, xiv. 18, 20.)

• Asellius Sabinus, received a magnificent reward from Tiberius for a dialogue, in which he had introduced a contest between a mushroom, a fidecula, an oyster, and a thrush. (Suet. Tib. 42.)

• Asidius Sabinus, a rhetorician mentioned bv the Seneca the elder (Suas. 2).

• Marcus Caelius Sabinus, a Roman jurist, who succeeded Cassius Longinus. (He was not the Sabinus from whom the Sabiniani took their name.) He was named consul by Otho, an appointment which Vitellius did not rescind on his accession. He was consul in 69. He wrote a work, "Ad Edictum Aedilium Curulium" (Gell. iv. 2, vii. 4). In the first of these two passages Gellius mentions the work of Caelius (in libro quern de Edicto Aedilium Curulium composuit] ; and Caelius here quotes Labeo. Nearly the same words are given by Ulpian (DeAedilicio Edicto, Dig. 21. tit.l. s. 1. § 7), but he quotes only Sabinus, and omits Labeo's name. In the second passage Gellius quotes the words of Caelius as to the practice of slaves being sold with the pileus on the head, when the vendor would not warrant them ; and though the work on the Edict is not quoted there, it seems certain that this extract must be from this book of Caelius. It appears that Caelius must also have written other works. (Dig. 35. tit. 1. s. 72. § 7.) There are no extracts from Caelius in the Digest, but he is often cited, sometimes as Caelius Sabinus, sometimes by the name of Sabinus only. [G. L. ]

• Calavius Sabinus, commander of the Legio XII under Caesennius Paetus during his abortive 62 AD campaign in Armenia (Tac. Ann. xv. 7.).

• Gaius Calvisisus Sabinus
  • one of the legates of Julius Caesar in the civil war, was sent by him into Aetolia in 48 BC, and obtained possession of the whole of the country. (Caes. B. C. iii. 34, 35.) It is related by Appian (B. C. ii. 60) that he was defeated by Metellus Scipio in Macedonia, but this statement is hardly consistent with Caesar's account. In 45 BC he received the province of Africa from Caesar, a province he was granted again (after a praetorship in 43 BC) by Mark Antony. It was pretended that he had been assigned it by lot, on which Cicero remarks that nothing could be more lucky, seeing that he had just come from Africa, leaving two legates behind him in Utica, as if he had divined that he should soon return. He did not, however, return to Africa, as the senate, after the departure of Antony for Mutina, conferred it upon Quintus Cornificius (Cic. Phil. iii. 10, ad Fain. xii. 25). Sabinus was consul in 39 BC with Lucius Marcius Censorinus, and in the following year he commanded the fleet of Octavian in the war with Sextus Pompeius. In conjunction with Menas, who had deserted Pompey, he fought against Pompey's admiral Menecrates, and sustained a defeat off Cumae. When Menas went over to Pompey again, just before the outbreak of hostilities in 36 BC, Sabinus was deprived of the command of the fleet, because he had not kept a sufficient watch over the renegade. This, at least, is the reason assigned by Appian ; but Octavian had for other reasons determined to entrust the conduct of the war to Agrippa. It is evident moreover that Sabinus was not looked upon with suspicion by Octavian, for at the close of the war the latter gave him the task of clearing Italy of robbers. He is mentioned too at a later time, shortly before the battle of Actium, as one of the friends of Octavian. (Dion Cass. xlviii. 34, 46 ; Appian, B. C. v. 81, 96,132; Plut. Ant. 58.)

• • probably son of the above, was consul in 4 BC with Lucius Passienus Rufus (Monum. Ancyr.).

• • probably son of the above. He was consul under Tiberius in 26 AD with Cii. Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus. In 32 he was accused of maiestas, but was saved by Celsus, tribune of a city cohort, who was one of the informers. He was governor of Pannonia under Caligula, and was accused with his wife Cornelia but, knowing they would only receive a show-trial, they committed suicide before they could be brought to trial. (Tac. Ann. iv. 46, vi. 9, Hist. i. 48 ; Dion Cass. lix. 18.)

• Calvisius Sabinus, a wealthy contemporary of Seneca the Younger. He was born a slave and, according to Seneca was ignorant but affected to be a man of learning (Sen. Ep. 27).

• Catius Sabinus, first consulship before 216, second consulship under Caracalla in 216 with Cornelius Anulinus. (Cod. Just. 2. tit. 19. s. 7; 9. tit. 32. s. 3, et alibi.)

• Domitius Sabinus, one of the principal centurions (primipilares) in Galba's army at Rome in the Year of Four Emperors (Tac. Hist. i. 31). He may be the same as the Domitius Sabinus who is mentioned as a military tribune under Vespasian and Titus during the Jewish War. (Joseph. B. J. iii. 7. § 34, v. 8. $1.)

• Julius Sabinus, a Lingon who joined in the revolt of Classicus in 70, his ambition being excited not only by his natural vanity, but by a false idea that he was descended from Julius Caesar. He ordered his followers to salute him as Caesar; and with a large irregular body of Lingons he attacked the Sequani, and was defeated. He fled to a villa belonging to him, which he burnt, that he might be supposed to have perished in the flames, and hid himself in some subterranean chambers, where he was kept concealed for nine years by his friends and his wife Epponina, or Peponila. He was at length captured, taken to Rome, and there put to death by order of Vespasian. (Tac. Hist. iv. 55, 67 ; Dion Cass. Ixvi. 3, 16; Plut. Erot. 25, pp. 770, 771; CLAS SICUS.) [P. S.]

• Massurius Sabinus, a hearer of Ateius Capito, was a distinguished jurist in the time of Tiberius, and he lived under Nero also, for the passage in Gaius (ii. 218) must certainly refer to this Sabinus, and not to Caelius. This is the Sabinus from whom the school of the Sabiniani took its name. Massurius was nearly fifty years of age before he was admitted into the Equestris Ordo, and he is said to have been poor enough to require pecuniary assistance from his hearers. He obtained under Tiberius the Jus Respondendi, which is a proof of his reputation as a jurist ; and it is further evidence of this, that the Sabiniani took their name not from Capito, but from his more distinguished pupil. There is no direct excerpt from Sabinus in the Digest, but he is often cited by other jurists, who commented upon his Libri ires Juris Oivilis. Pomponius wrote at least thirty-six Libri ad Sabinum, Ulpianus at least fifty-one, and Paulus at least forty-seven books. This fact in itself shows that the work of Massurius must have been considered to be a great authority. It is conjectured, but it is pure conjecture, that the arrangement was the same as that of the Libri XVIII. Juris Civilis of Q. Mucius Scaevola.

A passage from Massurius is quoted by Gellius (x. 15), who, in another passage (iii. 16), quotes a passage of Pliniua (H. N. vii. 5), in which Plinius quotes Massurius for a case in which a woman declared that she had gone thirteen months with child. Gellius (iv. 1, 2) quotes the second book of Massurius on the Jus Civile. In another passage (v. 13) Gellius quotes the third book of the same work. In the fourteenth book (c. 2) he alludes to the same work, under the name of Com-mentarii. It is conjectured that Persius means to refer to the same work (Sat. v. 90), when he says —

" Excepto si quid Masuri rubrica vetavit."

On which see the note of Heinrich. Massurius is also mentioned by Arrian (JEpist. iv. 3, MacrffovpiovROUS). If Athenaeus (i. p. 1, c.) means this Massurius, his chronology is in great confusion.

Numerous other works of Massurius are cited by name in the Digest: Commentarii de indigenis^ Libri Memoralium, Fasti in two books at least (Macrob. Sat. i. 4), at least two books of Responsa (Dig. 14. tit. 2. s. 4), apparently a commentary Ad Edictum (Dig. 38. tit. 1. s. 18), and Libri ad Vi-tellium. The fragments of the Libri Memorialium and of the Fasti are collected in Frotscher's Sallust. (Grotius, Vitae Jurisconsult. ; Zimmern, Geschichte des Rom. Privatrectiis, i. § 84 ; Puchta, Instit. i. § 99, and § 116, on the Jus Respondendi.} [G.L.]

• Marcus Minatius Sabinus, a legate of Cn. Pompeius the younger, whose name appears on coins. [See Vol. Ill p. 489,]

• Ostorius Sabinus, a Roman eques, accused Barea Soranus and his daughter Servilia in A. D. 66, and was rewarded by Nero with a large sum of money, and the insignia of the quaestorship. (Tac. Ann. xvi. 23, 30, 33.)

• Lucius Plotius Sabinus, a Roman artist, who is only known by an inscription, in which he is described as a carver in ivory or eborarius. (ReineSi cl. xi. No. cxxii. ; R. Rochette, Lettre a M. Sckorn, p. 400, 2d ed.) [P. S.]

• (Julius) Pomponius Sabinus is sometimes quoted as an ancient grammarian, but is the same as Pomponius Laetus, who lived at the revival of learning.

• Poppaeus Sabinus, consul in A. D. 9, with Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus. He was appointed governor of Moesia before 14, an appointment confirmed by Tiberius in 15, with the addition of the provinces of Achaia and Macedonia. He continued to hold these provinces till his death in A. D. 35, having ruled over Moesia for twenty-four years. In A.D. 26, he obtained the triumphal ornaments on account of a victory which he had gained over some Thracian tribes. He did not belong to a distinguished family, and was indebted for his long continuance in his government to his possessing respectable, but not striking abilities. He was the maternal grandfather of Poppaea Sabina. (Dion Cass. Index, lib. Ivi. ; Suet. Vesp. 2 ; Tac. Ann. i. 80, iv. 46, v. 10, vi. 39, xiii. 45 ; Dion Cass. Iviii. 25.)

• Titus Sicinius, consul 487 BC, with C. Aquillius Tuscus, carried on war against the Volsci, and obtained a triumph, as we learn from the Capitoline Fasti and Dionysius of Halicarnassus, though Livy says "cum Volscis aequo Marte discessum est." Dionysius calls him T. Siccius. (Fasti Capit.; Dionys.. viii. 64, 67 ; Liv. ii. 40.) Sicinius served afterwards, as legatus, under the consul M. Fabius Vibulanus in B.C. 480. (Dionys. ix. 12, 13.)

• Titius Sabinus, a distinguished Roman eques, was a friend of Germanicus, and was consequently hated by Sejanus. To please this powerful favourite, Latinius Latiaris, who was a friend of Sabinus, induced the latter to speak in unguarded terms both of Sejanus and Tiberius, and then betrayed his confidence. Sabinus was executed in prison, and his body thrown out upon the Gemonian steps, and cast into the River Tiber. The ancient writers mention the fidelity of the dog of Sabinus, which would not desert his master, and which tried to bear up his corpse when thrown into the Tiber. (Tac. Ann. iv. 18, 19, 68, 70, vi. 4 ; Dion Cass. Iviii. 1 ; Plin. H. N. viii. 40. s.

61.)

• Sabinus Tyro, the author of a treatise on horticulture, which he dedicated to Maecenas, a keen gardener himself. All that we know with regard to this writer and his work is to be found in the notice of Pliny (H. N". xix. 10). " Ferroque non expedire tangi rutam, cunilam, mentam, ocimum, auctor est Sabinus (al. Sabinius) Tyro in libro Cepuricon quern Maecenati dicavit." [W. R.]

• Vectius Sabinus, of the Ulpian family, was the senator upon whose motion (according to Capitolinus) Balbinus and Maximus were nominated joint emperors. Upon their elevation he was appointed Praefectus Urbi. (Capitolin. Max. et Balb. 2, 4.) [ W. R.]

This article contains text from "A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities", a work now in the public domain.