List of Romantic composers

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Lists of classical music composers by era
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The Romantic music era was the predominant music era of the 19th century. It directly followed and grew out of the classical music era. Romantic composers expanded on the forms and structures established in the previous era, resulting in longer musical forms such as cyclic form and program music.[1] Technology improved the quality of instruments, including the addition of valves to brass instruments and an improved piano.[2] Composers used increased expressiveness, often using terms such as dolce (sweetly) or maestoso (majestically) as instructions in their scores.[3] They experimented with tonality, including increased use of chromaticism and dissonance.[4] Nationalist music also became prominent in the Romantic era, with composers such as Glinka in Russia and Sibelius in Finland drawing on folk music from their native lands for inspiration.[5]

Toward the end of the Romantic era, a musical movement called impressionist music began. Composers such as Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel tended to focus on atmosphere or mood instead of emotion in their compositions.[6] Although sometimes seen as a reaction to romanticism, impressionism is sometimes considered an extension of the romantic era.[7] Thus, some impressionist composers are listed here.

Contents

[edit] Early Romantic composers (born 1800-1820)

[edit] Middle Romantic composers (born 1820-1850)

  • Augusta Browne (1820–1882)
  • Felicita Casella (c. 1820–after 1865)
  • Giovanni Bottesini (1821-1889)
  • Clara Angela Macirone (1821–1895)
  • Emilie Mayer (1821–1883)
  • Charlotte Sainton-Dolby (1821–1885)
  • Maria Anna Stubenberg (1821–1912)
  • Pauline Viardot (1821–1910)
  • César Franck (1822–1890), Belgian-born composer, noted for his Symphony, also a significant composer for the organ
  • Faustina Hasse Hodges (1822–1895)
  • Édouard Lalo (1823–1892), French composer remembered for his Symphonie Espagnole for violin and orchestra and Cello Concerto
  • Anton Bruckner (1824–1896), Austrian composer of nine large-scale symphonies (one incomplete and two more unacknowledged, the third dedicated to Richard Wagner whom he admired)
  • Bedřich Smetana (1824–1884), Czech nationalist composer, perhaps best known for his cycle of symphonic poems, Ma Vlast
  • Emma Maria Macfarren (1824–1895)
  • Marie Siegling (1824–1919)
  • Jane Sloman (1824–after 1850)
  • Johann Strauss II (1825–1899), Austrian composer who wrote many waltzes and polkas, known as "The Waltz King", composer of The Blue Danube and the opera Die Fledermaus
  • Virginia Gabriel (1825–1877)
  • Kate Loder (1825–1904)
  • Maria Lindsay (1827–1898)
  • Teresa Milanollo (1827–1904)
  • Julia Niewiarowska-Brzozowska (1827–1891)
  • Elizabeth Philp (1827–1885)
  • Marie Grandval (1828–1907)
  • Louis Moreau Gottschalk (1829-1869), American composer famous for performing his own romantic piano works.
  • Charlotte Alington Barnard (1830–1869)
  • Sophia Dellaporta (fl. second half of the 19th century)
  • Fanny Arthur Robinson (1831–1879)
  • Martha von Sabinin (1831–1892)
  • Julia Woolf (1831–1893)
  • Alexander Borodin (1833–1887), Russian chemist and nationalist composer, wrote the opera Prince Igor
  • Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), German composer who worked under the onus of being compared to Beethoven, his Symphony No. 1 is often nicknamed "Beethoven's tenth," also famous for Variations on a Theme by Joseph Haydn and piano works
  • Amilcare Ponchielli (1834–1886), Italian opera composer (La Gioconda)
  • Esmeralda Athanasiu-Gardeev (1834–1917)
  • Tekla Badarzewska (1834–1861)
  • Anna Pessiak-Schmerling (1834–1896)
  • Camille Saint-Saëns (1835–1921), French composer perhaps best known for The Carnival of the Animals
  • Henryk Wieniawski (1835–1880), Polish composer and violinist, famous for his two concertos and character pieces of exceptional difficulty
  • Léo Delibes (1836–1891), one of the first significant ballet composers since the baroque, known for his Coppelia, Sylvia, and Lakmé
  • Johanne Amelie Fenger (1836–1913)
  • Susan McFarland Parkhurst (1836–1918)
  • Anaïs Perrière-Pilte (1836–1878)
  • Constance Faunt Le Roy Runcie (1836–1911)
  • Pauline-Marie-Elisa Thys (c. 1836–1909)
  • Caroline Wichern (1836–1906)
  • Carlotta Ferrari (1837–1907)
  • Georgina Weldon (1837–1914)
  • Georges Bizet (1838–1875), French composer famous for his opera Carmen
  • Max Bruch (1838–1920), German composer, known for his Violin Concerto No. 1, Scottish Fantasy, and Kol Nidre for cello and orchestra
  • Liliʻuokalani (1838–1917)
  • Modest Mussorgsky (1839–1881), Russian known for his intensely nationalist, original works; famous for his opera Boris Godunov, and Pictures at an Exhibition
  • John Knowles Paine (1839–1906), first native-born American composer to acquire fame for his large-scale orchestral music
  • Louise Haenel de Cronenthall (1839–c. 1876)
  • Laura Constance Netzel (1839–1927)
  • Alice Mary Smith (1839–1884)

[edit] Late Romantic composers (born 1850-1870)

  • Louise Adolpha Le Beau (1850–1927)
  • Emma Roberto Steiner (1850–1928)
  • Edith Swepstone (fl. 1885–1930)
  • Vincent d'Indy (1851–1931), French composer, teacher of Erik Satie and Darius Milhaud among others
  • Mary Grant Carmichael (1851–1935)
  • Gabrielle Ferrari (1851–1921)
  • Annie Fortescue Harrison (1851–1944)
  • Helena Munktell (1852–1919)
  • Teresa Carreño (1853–1917)
  • Engelbert Humperdinck (1854–1921), German opera composer influenced by Richard Wagner, famous for Hänsel und Gretel
  • Leoš Janáček (1854–1928), Czech composer, remembered for his orchestral piece Sinfonietta
  • Moritz Moszkowski (1854–1925), Polish composer and pianist who wrote over 200 pieces
  • Julie Rivé-King (1854–1937)
  • Ernest Chausson (1855–1899), French composer influenced by Franck and Wagner, seen as a bridge from them to Claude Debussy
  • Maude Valérie White (1855–1937)
  • Cecilia Arizti (1856–1930)
  • Eva Dell'Acqua (1856–1930)
  • Kateřina Emingerová (1856–1934)
  • Clotilde Kainerstorfer (fl. second half 19th century)
  • Helen Hopekirk (1856–1945)
  • Natalia Janotha (1856–1932)
  • Gilda Ruta (1856–1932)
  • Mary Elizabeth Turner Salter (1856–1938)
  • Edward Elgar (1857–1934), English composer, wrote oratorios, chamber music, and symphonies, most famous for his Enigma Variations and Pomp and Circumstance Marches
  • Berta Bock (1857–1945)
  • Cécile Chaminade (1857–1944)
  • Rosalind Frances Ellicott (1857–1924)
  • Mathilde Kralik von Mayerswalden (1857–1944)
  • Mary Knight Wood (1857–1944)
  • Ruggiero Leoncavallo (1858–1919), Italian opera composer known almost exclusively for I Pagliacci
  • Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924), late Romantic Italian opera composer (La Bohème, Tosca, Madame Butterfly)
  • Mélanie Bonis (1858–1937)
  • Catherine Rennes (1858–1940)
  • Guy d'Hardelot (1858–1936)
  • Hilda Sehested (1858–1936)
  • Ethel Smyth (1858–1944)
  • Stella Stocker (1858–1925)
  • Hedwige Chrétien (1859–1944)
  • Laura Sedgwick Collins (1859–1927)
  • Narcisa Freixas (1859–1926)
  • Vincenza Garelli della Morea (1859–after 1924)
  • Susie Frances Harrison (1859–1935)
  • Louísa Leonarda (1859–1926)
  • Elisabeth Meyer (1859–1927)
  • Ida Georgina Moberg (1859–1947)
  • Teresa Tanco Cordovez de Herrera (1859–1946)
  • Hope Temple (1859–1938)
  • Isaac Albéniz (1860–1909), Spanish composer, wrote nationalist piano works such as Iberia
  • Gustave Charpentier (1860–1956), French composer best known for his opera Louise
  • Gustav Mahler (1860–1911), Austrian composer of innovative large-scale and sometimes programmatic symphonies
  • Edward MacDowell (1860–1908), American composer best known for his piano concertos
  • Hugo Wolf (1860–1903), Austrian composer of lieder, influenced by Richard Wagner
  • Valborg Aulin (1860–1928)
  • Celeste de Longpré Heckscher (1860–1928)
  • Halina Krzyżanowska (1860–1937)
  • Amy Woodforde-Finden (1860–1919)
  • Mary J. A. Wurm (1860–1938)
  • Florence Everilda Goodeve (1861–1915)
  • Claude Debussy (1862–1918), French composer, his music is often described as impressionist, although he dismissed the term, wrote 'Clair de Lune' from Suite bergamasque
  • Frederick Delius (1862–1934), English composer, used chromaticism in many of his compositions
  • Florence Aylward (1862–1950)
  • Carrie Bond (1862–1946)
  • Dora Bright (1862–1951)
  • Liza Lehmann (1862–1918)
  • Mona McBurney (1862–1932)
  • Pietro Mascagni (1863–1945), Italian opera composer, known for Cavalleria Rusticana
  • Marian Arkwright (1863–1922)
  • Luisa Casagemas (1863–after 1894)
  • Maria Chefaliady-Taban (1863–1932)
  • Abbie Gerrish-Jones (1863–1929)
  • Helen Francis Hood (1863–1949)
  • Izabella Kuliffay (1863–1945)
  • Cornélie van Oosterzee (1863–1943)
  • Richard Strauss (1864–1949), German composer, known for Also Sprach Zarathustra, based on Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy, wrote many tone poems and operas
  • Florence Maude Ewart (1864–1949)
  • Eleanor Everest Freer (1864–1942)
  • Alice Tegnér (1864–1943)
  • Paul Dukas (1865–1935), French composer, noted for his piece of program music, The Sorcerer's Apprentice
  • Alexander Glazunov (1865–1936), Russian, influenced by Wagner and Liszt
  • Jean Sibelius (1865–1957), Finnish nationalist composer, famous for the symphonic poem Finlandia
  • Borghild Holmsen (1865–1938)
  • Ferruccio Busoni (1866–1924), Italian composer and pianist, known for his opera Turandot and his many transcriptions and arrangements of Johann Sebastian Bach
  • Francesco Cilea (1866–1950), Italian opera composer noted for Adriana Lecouvreur
  • Amanda Ira Aldridge (1866–1956)
  • Henriette van den Boorn-Coclet (1866–1945)
  • Clara Anna Korn (1866–1941)
  • Laura Lemon (1866–1924)
  • Adela Maddison (1866–1929)
  • Tekla Griebel Wandall (1866–1940)
  • Umberto Giordano (1867–1948), Italian opera composer
  • Enrique Granados (1867–1916), Spanish composer and pianist
  • Amy Beach (1867–1944)
  • Margherita Galeotti (1867–after 1912)
  • Amy Elsie Horrocks (1867–after 1915)
  • Margaret Ruthven Lang (1867–1972)
  • Gisella Delle Grazie (born 1868, fl. 1894–95)
  • Signe Lund (1868–1950)
  • Annie Patterson (1868–1934)
  • Albert Roussel (1869–1937), French composer, wrote four symphonies, ballets, and chamber music
  • Virginia Mariani Campolieti (1869–1941)
  • Maria Antonietta Picconi (1869–1926)
  • Caro Roma (1869–1937)
  • Patty Stair (1869–1926)

[edit] Romantic/20th century transition composers (born 1870-1880)

  • Franz Lehár (1870–1948), Hungarian composer mainly known for his operettas
  • Eugénie-Emilie Juliette Folville (1870–1946)
  • Mon Schjelderup (1870–1934)
  • Jane Vieu (1871–1955)
  • Alexander Scriabin (1872–1915), Russian, known for his harmonically adventurous piano sonatas and theatrical orchestral works
  • Alicia Adélaide Needham (1872–1945)
  • Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873–1943), Russian composer, conductor, and virtuoso pianist, wrote four piano concerti as well as Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini
  • Max Reger (1873–1916), prolific German composer, known for his Variations on a Theme of Mozart
  • María de las Mercedes Adam de Aróstegui (1873–1957)
  • Anna Cramer (1873–1968)
  • Celeste Jaguaribe de Matos Celeste (1873–1938)
  • Emma Lomax (1873–1963)
  • Mary Carr Moore (1873–1957)
  • Maude Nugent (1873/4–1958)
  • R. Ethel Harraden (fl. late 19th century–early 20th century)
  • Franz Schmidt (1874–1939), Austrian composer influenced by Mahler
  • Bertha Frensel Wegener (1874–1953)
  • Katharine Emily Eggar (1874–1961)
  • Reinhold Glière (1875–1956), Russian who wrote pieces in a romantic style well into the 20th century
  • Maurice Ravel (1875–1937), French composer in the impressionist and neoclassicist styles
  • Sara Wennerberg-Reuter (1875–1959)
  • Mieczyslaw Karlowicz (1876–1909) Polish Composer, he wrote 6 Symphonic poems Op.9-14, 1 Symphony Op.7 "Rebirth", Serenade for strings Op.2 and many songs for voice & piano (or orchestra).
  • Manuel de Falla (1876–1946), Spanish composer, best known for The Three-Cornered Hat
  • Lucia Contini Anselmi (1876–after 1913)
  • Teresa Clotilde del Riego (1876–1968)
  • Mabel Wheeler Daniels (1877–1971)
  • Elisabeth Kuyper (1877–1953)
  • Jeanne Beijerman-Walraven (1878–1969)
  • Eugenia Calosso (1878–1914)
  • Johanna Müller-Hermann (1878–1941)
  • Yuliya Veysberg (1878/1880–1942)
  • Ottorino Respighi (1879–1936), Italian composer known for symphonic poems The Fountains of Rome and The Pines of Rome)
  • Wanda Landowska (1879–1959)
  • Carmela Mackenna (1879–1962)
  • Alma Maria Mahler (1879–1964)
  • Poldowski (1879–1932)
  • Johanna Senfter (1879–1961)

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Machlis, page 310
  2. ^ Machlis, page 310
  3. ^ Machlis, page 311
  4. ^ Machlis, page 312
  5. ^ Machlis, page 311
  6. ^ Moss, Charles K. [1]. URL accessed 14 August 2006.
  7. ^ Machlis, page 442

[edit] References

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