List of Delaware hurricanes

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Track map of all tropical cyclones that passed over Delaware from 1851 to 2005
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Track map of all tropical cyclones that passed over Delaware from 1851 to 2005

The following is a list of tropical cyclones that affected the U.S. state of Delaware. Since reliable records began, no tropical cyclone has struck the state while maintaining hurricane intensity, and only two storms since 1851 caused hurricane-force winds in the state.[1] The state often experiences the direct effects of landfalling Atlantic tropical cyclones, such as rainfall or strong winds, as well as the effects of storms that remain offshore, such as rip currents or heavy surf. Since 1749, at least 96 tropical cyclones, some of which had become extratropical, have affected the state, including 21 which passed over the state.

Contents

[edit] List of tropical cyclones

[edit] Pre-1900

  • October 21, 1749- A hurricane is observed over Delaware.[2]
  • Fall, 1783- Nine large ships crash near Cape Henlopen during a hurricane, killing several people.[3]
  • September 2, 1785- A hurricane causes 181 deaths in the state. Whether or not it made landfall is unknown.[4]
  • September 3-5, 1815- A tropical storm passes over extreme southeastern Delaware. Effects, if any, are unknown.[5]
  • September 3, 1821- The eye of the Norfolk and Long Island Hurricane moves directly over Cape Henlopen for 30 minutes.[6]
  • August 17, 1830- A hurricane that passes to the east of the state capsizes three ships along the Delaware capes.[7]
  • August 28-31, 1839- Several ships are washed ashore in Lewes during a hurricane that parallels the East Coast of the United States.[8]
  • September 8, 1846- Rough seas and troubled shipping in the Delaware Bay are caused by a hurricane offshore.[9]
  • October 13, 1846- A hurricane crosses over northwestern Delaware, with its powerful winds toppling the steeple of a church in Newcastle. The hurricane's storm surge, which is considered the worst in 70 years, floods lowlands in the northern portion of the state.[10]
  • July 18, 1850- Rough seas are reported along the Delaware Bay due to a hurricane passing to the west of the state.[11]
  • August 4, 1850- A hurricane crosses the state, causing gale force winds along the coast.[12]
  • September 8, 1850- Many ships report calls of distress due to powerful winds from a hurricane.[11]
  • August 20, 1856- A tropical storm parallels the coastline of the Delmarva Peninsula, though impact, if any, is unknown.[13]
  • September 28, 1861- After weakening from a hurricane, a tropical storm moves northward through Delaware. Effects are unknown.[14]
  • September 19, 1863- A tropical storm crosses the state from south to north. Effects are unknown.[15]
  • October 28, 1872- A tropical storm crosses the state, with no known effects.[16]
  • September 29, 1874- With winds of 70 mph (115 km/h), a tropical storm moves across Delaware.[17]
  • October 5, 1877- An extratropical storm, once a Category 3 Hurricane, crosses the state, causing several ship wrecks in the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays.[18]
  • October 23, 1878- The Gale of 1878, which makes landfall on North Carolina, brings hurricane-force winds to the entire state of Delaware. The storm drops over 3 inches (75 mm) of rainfall in the northern portion of the state, flooding portions of Wilmington. The winds and rain from the storm damages or destroys many houses statewide. The flooding washes out railroads, roads, and bridges, and destroys many carriages in Dover. Crop damage is severe, as well. The strong winds wrecked four ships, in total killing 14. A 7 foot (2.1 m) storm surge in Lewes drowned four when they couldn't escape the rising waters. Beach erosion was severe, as well. Across Delaware, the hurricane killed 18 and caused $45,000 in damage (1878 USD, $800,000 2005 USD).[19] It is one of only two storms to bring hurricane-force winds to the state.[1]
  • August 18, 1879- A Category 2 hurricane parallels the Delmarva Peninsula after striking North Carolina, though effects, if any, are unknown.[20]
  • September 23, 1882- A tropical storm crosses over southeastern Delaware. Impact, if any, is unknown.[21]
  • June 23, 1886- A tropical depression moves across the state, with no known impact.[22]
  • September 11, 1888- An extratropical storm crosses the state.[23]
  • September 9-12, 1889- After moving northwestward for much of its life, a large hurricane approached the East Coast of the United States, moved southwestward, and dissipated to the east of Virginia. The hurricane causes severe waves and a powerful storm surge, damaging life guard stations and wrecking or washing 31 vessels ashore. The death toll "would probably exceed 40", while damage totaled to $570,000 (1889 USD, $11.7 million 2005 USD).[24]
  • October 10, 1894- A hurricane passes to the southeast of the state.[25]
  • October 23-26, 1897- A tropical storm moving northward prompts officials to issue hurricane warnings from North Carolina through New York, though the storm unexpectedly executes a loop and moves out to sea.[26]

[edit] 1900-1949


[edit] 1950-1999

Hurricane Doria making landfall
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Hurricane Doria making landfall
Hurricane Gloria passing to the east of the state
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Hurricane Gloria passing to the east of the state
Tropical Storm Bertha over Delaware
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Tropical Storm Bertha over Delaware
  • August 18, 1994- The remnants of Tropical Storm Beryl produce light rainfall across the state.[69]
  • November, 1994- The outer rainbands of Hurricane Gordon drop light rainfall of around 1 inch (25 mm) in Delaware.[70]
  • August 6, 1995- Moisture from the remnants of Hurricane Erin produces moderate amounts of precipitation of up over 3 inches (76 mm) in the state.[71]
  • August 13-21, 1995- Swells and 10 foot (3 m) waves generated by Hurricane Felix restrict beaches along the coastline. In addition, the waves cause beach erosion and minor tidal flooding.[72]
  • July 13, 1996- Tropical Storm Bertha crosses over the state with a peak wind gust of 58 mph (93 km/h) at Dover. The winds downs scattered trees, signs, and power lines, leaving 3,200 homes without power for 8 hours. The storm produces moderate rainfall across the state, causing drainage problems. Prior to moving across the state, Bertha causes rough surf, resulting in 40 water rescues. Overall damage is minor, and no deaths occurred.[73]
  • August 29-31, 1996- Hurricane Edouard causes rough surf along the Delaware coastline, closing some beaches.[74]
  • October 8, 1996- The remnants of Tropical Storm Josephine cause 45 mph (72 km/h) wind gusts and light rainfall of up to 2.37 inches (60 mm) in Dover. The rainfall causes river flooding, while the wind knocks down tree limbs.[75]
  • July 25, 1997- Tropical Storm Danny passes to the southeast of the state, dropping light precipitation throughout Delaware.[76]
  • August 28, 1998- Strong waves and rip currents are caused by Hurricane Bonnie over the western Atlantic Ocean. The currents drown one person and result in bathing restrictions and over 14 lifeguard rescues at Rehoboth Beach. Coastal Delaware experiences the fringe effects of the storm, including minor beach erosion, wind gusts of up to 46 mph (74 km/h), and light rainfall peaking at 1.77 inches (45 mm) in Greenwood.[77]
Hurricane Floyd damage
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Hurricane Floyd damage
  • August 29-31, 1999- The combination of swells from Hurricane Dennis and strong northeasterly winds produce strong rip currents along the Delaware coastline. The currents result in nearly 100 rescues and four injuries, and also forces beach closures and restrictions. The strong winds and waves cause beach erosion, as well.[78]
  • September 16, 1999- Tropical Storm Floyd crosses over the southeastern portion of the state. The storm produces strong wind gusts of up to 64 mph (103 km/h) in Sussex County and heavy rainfall peaking at 10.58 inches (269 mm) in Greenwood, a 24-hour state record. The flooding, which exceeded the 100-year flood return period, kills two and causes record-breaking river levels across the state. Hundreds of roads, railroad lines, and bridges are closed or destroyed, trapping dozens due to flooded vehicles. The winds uproot hundreds of trees, leaving 25,000 homes and businesses without power for 3 days. Floyd damages 171 homes, 44 severely, and destroys 33 in New Castle County. Damage is minimal near the ocean, and amounts to minor beach erosion and tidal flooding. Throughout the state, damage totals to $8.42 million (1999 USD, $9.6 million 2005 USD). In response to the damage, President Bill Clinton declares the state as a disaster area, which allows for federal funding to rebuild and cleanup after the storm.[39]
  • October 17, 1999- Moisture from Hurricane Irene produces rainfall across the state, ranging from 1 to 4 inches (25 to 100 mm). The flooding causes some drainage problems, though damage is minor.[79]

[edit] 2000s

  • September 19, 2000- The remnants of Hurricane Gordon produces heavy rainfall for a few hours, resulting in rainfall totals of up to 1.82 inches (46 mm) in Newark. The precipitation causes the Christina River to crest at 9.13 feet (2.78 m) above flood stage, though damage is minimal.[80]
  • June 16, 2001- The subtropical remnant of what was once Tropical Storm Allison passes just to the southeast of the state. The storm drops moderate amounts of rainfall, peaking at 4.2 inches (107 mm) in Greenwood, which results in drainage problems yet little damage.[81]
  • September 11, 2001- Hurricane Erin generates rough surf and rip currents along Delaware beaches, forcing restrictions and closures.[82]
  • July 3, 2003- The remnants of Tropical Storm Bill cross over the state, dropping light rainfall of around 1 inch (25 mm).[83]
  • September 15, 2003- Moisture from the remnants of Tropical Storm Henri produce heavy rainfall over portions of Delaware, including a peak of 9.02 inches (229 mm) in Hockessin. The flooding damages hundreds of houses, and traps motorists in submerged vehicles. Several bridges are destroyed or damaged due to rising flood waters, including the Red Clay Creek which peaks at 17.27 feet (5.2 m). Damage totals to $16.1 million (2003 USD).[84] Due to the damage, President George W. Bush declares the state a disaster area.[85]
  • September 17, 2003- Hurricane Isabel passes to the southwest of the state as it makes landfall on North Carolina. In the days preceding its landfall, Isabel produces strong waves, and upon striking land, the storm causes a 5 foot (1.5 m) storm surge along the Delaware coast. The waves and surge result in beach erosion and overwash. The outer rainbands of Isabel drop around 1 inch (25 mm) of rain, though the storm's large circulation produces strong wind gusts of up to 70 mph (112 km/h). The wind gusts knock down many trees and power lines, causing one of the worst power outages for Connectiv Energy. Damage totals to $17.8 million (2003 USD).[86] Due to the damage, President Bush declares the entire state a disaster area.[87]
Tornado damage from Hurricane Jeanne
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Tornado damage from Hurricane Jeanne
  • August 3, 2004- Heavy surf from Hurricane Alex injures three in Rehoboth Beach. The rough waters result in rescues, as well.[88]
  • August 12, 2004- The remnants of Tropical Storm Bonnie produce heavy rainfall of over 3 inches (76 mm). The rainfall leads to flooded rivers and roads, forcing the evacuation of 100 people in Delaware City.[89]
  • August 30, 2004- Moisture from Hurricane Gaston drops moderate amounts of rainfall, leading to minor stream and drainage flooding.[90]
  • September 3, 2004- The combination of swells from Hurricane Frances and a high pressure system causes rip currents along the Delaware coastline.[91]
  • September 18, 2004- The remnants of Hurricane Ivan produces heavy rainfall for a few hours, causing creek flooding and drainage problems. Damage is minimal.[92]
  • September 28, 2004- The remnants of Hurricane Jeanne, combined with two cold fronts, produce heavy rainfall peaking at 8.01 inches (203 mm) in Newark. The precipitation leads to rising rivers, including the Red Clay Creek which crests at 13.59 feet (4.14 m) The rainfall also floods roads in the northern portion of the state, resulting in trapped vehicles.[93] The remnants of Jeanne also spawn an F2 tornado in northern New Castle County. The tornado's 5 mile (8 km) path includes moving through the New Castle Airport and several buildings. The tornado damages numerous planes and buildings at the airport and injured five people. Damage totals to around $1 million (2004 USD).[94]
  • July 8, 2005- The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Cindy move through the state, producing heavy rainfall of up to 4.55 inches (116 mm) in Delmar. The combination of rain and 20 to 30 mph (32 to 48 km/h) wind gusts down a few weak trees, leaving around 100 without power in New Castle County.[95]
  • Mid-July, 2005- The outer rainbands of Hurricane Dennis drop light precipitation of around 1 inch (25 mm) throughout the state.[96]
  • September 16, 2005- Rip currents are caused by Hurricane Ophelia passing to the southeast of the state.[97]
  • October 7, 2005- Tropical Storm Tammy contributes to the Northeast U.S. flooding of October 2005, which results in heavy rainfall of up to 5.3 inches (134 mm) in Lincoln. The rainfall causes drainage problems and crop damage.[98]
  • October 24, 2005- The combination of Hurricane Wilma and a Nor'easter produce heavy surf, high tides, and beach erosion along the Delaware coastline.[99]

[edit] Listed by month

Since 1749, 96 tropical cyclones, including that were once tropical, have affected the state. Most occur in September, which coincides with the peak of the Atlantic hurricane season.

Month Number of recorded storms
affecting Delaware
June 4
July 8
August 27
September 40
October 15
November 2

[edit] Deadliest storms

Most tropical cyclones that impact Delaware only cause rainfall or strong waves, though a few have caused deaths in the state. Storms that caused deaths in Delaware include:

Name Year Number of deaths
Unnamed 1785 181
Unnamed 1879 "Probably exceed 40"
Unnamed 1878 18
Unnamed 1903 5
Unnamed 1783 "Several"
Floyd 1999 2
Hazel 1954 ≥1
Agnes 1972 1

[edit] See also

Portal:Tropical cyclones
 Tropical cyclones Portal

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c Blake, Rappaport, Jarrell, & Landsea (2005). Frequently Requested Hurricane Facts. NOAA. Retrieved on 2006-07-23.
  2. ^ Michael Chenoweth (2006). A Reassessment of Historical Atlantic Basin Cyclones; 1700-1855. NOAA. Retrieved on 2006-07-23.
  3. ^ Edward N. Rappaport and Jose Fernandez-Partagas (1996). The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved on 2006-07-23.
  4. ^ Edward N. Rappaport and Jose Fernandez-Partagas (1996). The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved on 2006-07-23.
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  69. ^ Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (2005). Rainfall information for Tropical Storm Beryl. Retrieved on 2006-07-28.
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  75. ^ National Climatic Data Center (1996). Tropical Storm Josephine Event Report. Retrieved on 2006-07-28.
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  95. ^ National Climatic Data Center (2005). Hurricane Cindy Event Report. Retrieved on 2006-07-30.
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  97. ^ National Climatic Data Center (2005). Hurricane Ophelia Event Report. Retrieved on 2006-07-30.
  98. ^ National Climatic Data Center (2005). Tropical Storm Tammy Event Report. Retrieved on 2006-07-30.
  99. ^ National Climatic Data Center (2005). Hurricane Wilma Event Report. Retrieved on 2006-07-30.
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