User:Ling.Nut/ELO
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Endangered Languages in Oceania is a subpage of WikiProject endangered languages and language revitalization
Note:
- The contents of the tables need to be checked -- probably many of these are now extinct languages.
- Languages known to be extinct will receive an explicit value of 0 in the Speakers column, with appropriate referencing as a footnote, for later removal to a separate page.
- The Source provides one source which identifies this language as endangered. The source of specific population information should be provided as a footnote in the Speakers field.
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Contents |
[edit] Australia
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adynyamathanha language | 20 (1990 Schmidt). | Ethnologue | adt | Adynyamathanha | |
| Alawa language | 17 to 20 (1991 M Sharpe)There are 4 partial first-language speakers. | Ethnologue | alh | Alawa | |
| Alngith language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [1] | ||
| Amarag language | 5. | Ethnologue | amg | Alngith | |
| Ami language | 30 to 35 (1983 Black) | Ethnologue | amy | Ami | |
| Andegerebinha language | 10 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | adg | Andegerebinha | |
| Antakarinya language | 50 (1981 Wurm and Hattori) | Ethnologue | ant | Antakarinya | |
| Arabana language | 8 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [2] | ||
| Areba language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [3] | ||
| Atampaya language | 4 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [4] | ||
| Ayabadhu language | 6 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [5] | ||
| Badimaya language | 20 (1966 Voegelin and Voegelin). | Ethnologue | [6] | ||
| Bandjalang language | 10 (1983 R M W Dixon). | Ethnologue | [7] | ||
| Bandjigali language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [8] | ||
| Bardi language | 20 (1999 Claire Bowern)Population includes 16 Bardi, 3 Jawi. | Ethnologue | [9] | ||
| Barrow Point language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [10] | ||
| Bayungu language | 6 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [11] | ||
| Bidyara language | 20 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [12] | ||
| Burduna language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [13] | ||
| Darling language | 5. | Ethnologue | [14] | ||
| Dhalandji language | 20 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [15] | ||
| Dhargari language | 6 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [16] | ||
| Dirari language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [17] | ||
| Djamindjung language | 30 (1990 Schmidt). | Ethnologue | [18] | ||
| Djangun language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [19] | ||
| Djawi language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [20] | ||
| Djingili language | 10 (1997). | Ethnologue | [21] | ||
| Djiwarli language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [22] | ||
| Dyaabugay language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [23] | ||
| Dyaberdyaber language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [24] | ||
| Dyangadi language | 5 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [25] | ||
| Dyirbal language | 40 to 50 (1983 R M W Dixon). | Ethnologue | [26] | ||
| Dyugun language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [27] | ||
| Erre language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [28]
|
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| Flinders Island language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [29] | ||
| Gadjerawang language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [30] | ||
| Gagadu language | 6 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [31] | ||
| Gambera language | 6 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [32] | ||
| Gamilaraay language | 3 (1997 Coonabarabran Public School). | Ethnologue | [33] | ||
| Ganggalida language | 5 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [34] | ||
| Garig-Ilgar language | 4 (2003 N Evans)Population includes 3 Ilgar, 1 Garig. | Ethnologue | [35] | ||
| Giyug language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [36] | ||
| Gooniyandi language | 100 (1990 Schmidt). | Ethnologue | [37] | ||
| Gudanji language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [38] | ||
| Gugadj language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [39] | ||
| Gugu Badhun language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [40] | ||
| Gugubera language | 15 (1991 SIL) 50 (1990 Schmidt). | Ethnologue | [41] | ||
| Guguyimidjir language | 20 to 30 (1991 Wayne Rosendale)200 to 300 know and understand the language but prefer English 400 (1990 Schmidt). | Ethnologue | [42] | ||
| Gungabula language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [43] | ||
| Gunya language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [44] | ||
| Guragone language | 20 (1990 Schmidt). | Ethnologue | [45] | ||
| Gurdjar language | 30 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [46] | ||
| Guwamu language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [47] | ||
| Jarnango language | 40 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [48] | ||
| Kamu language | 2 (1967). | Ethnologue | [49] | ||
| Kanju language | 50 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [50] | ||
| Karadjeri language | 12 (1991 SIL). | Ethnologue | [51] | ||
| Kayardild language | 6 (2000 Evans) 150. | Ethnologue | [52] | ||
| Kokata language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [53] | ||
| Kuku-Mangk language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [54] | ||
| Kuku-Mu'inh language | 7 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [55] | ||
| Kuku-Muminh language | 31 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [56] | ||
| Kuku-Ugbanh language | 6 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [57] | ||
| Kuku-Uwanh language | 40 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [58] | ||
| Kumbainggar language | 10 (2000). | Ethnologue | [59] | ||
| Kunbarlang language | 50 to 100 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [60] | ||
| Kunggara language | 10 (1971 SIL). | Ethnologue | [61] | ||
| Kunggari language | 10. | Ethnologue | [62] | ||
| Kunjen language | 20 to 25 (1991 Bruce Sommer)40 with some knowledge 300 (1991 Bruce Sommer). | Ethnologue | [63] | ||
| Kurrama language | 50 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [64] | ||
| Kuthant language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [65] | ||
| Lamu-Lamu language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [66] | ||
| Laragia language | 6 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [67] | ||
| Lardil language | 2 (2000 Evans). | Ethnologue | [68] | ||
| Limilngan language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [69] | ||
| Madngele language | 15 to 20 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [70]
|
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| Manda language | 25 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [71] | ||
| Mandandanyi language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [72] | ||
| Mangarayi language | 50 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [73] | ||
| Mangerr language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [74] | ||
| Mara language | 15 (1991 M Sharpe). | Ethnologue | [75] | ||
| Maranunggu language | 15 to 20 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [76] | ||
| Margany language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [77] | ||
| Margu language | 1 (2000 Evans). | Ethnologue | [78] | ||
| Maridan language | 20 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [79] | ||
| Maridjabin language | 20 (1970 Oates). | Ethnologue | [80] | ||
| Marimanindji language | 15 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [81] | ||
| Maringarr language | 30 to 40 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [82] | ||
| Marithiel language | 25 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [83] | ||
| Mariyedi language | 20 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [84] | ||
| Marti Ke language | 10 (2001 Alexander) 100. | Ethnologue | [85] | ||
| Martuyhunira language | 5 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [86] | ||
| Mayaguduna language | 2. | Ethnologue | [87] | ||
| Mbabaram language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [88] | ||
| Mbariman-Gudhinma language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [89] | ||
| Miriwung language | 10 to 20 (1990 Schmidt). | Ethnologue | [90] | ||
| Miwa language | 4 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [91]
|
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| Mudbura language | 50 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [92] | ||
| Mullukmulluk language | 9 to 11 (1988 SIL). | Ethnologue | [93] | ||
| Muluridyi language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [94] | ||
| Muruwari language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [95] | ||
| Ngadjunmaya language | 10 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [96] | ||
| Ngalakan language | 10 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [97] | ||
| Ngalkbun language | 20 (2000 N Evans). | Ethnologue | [98] | ||
| Ngamini language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [99] | ||
| Ngarla language | 8 (1991 SIL)10 partial speakers. | Ethnologue | [100] | ||
| Ngarluma language | 70 (1970 C.G von Brandenstein). | Ethnologue | [101] | ||
| Ngawun language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [102] | ||
| Ngura language | 6 (1981 Wurm and Hattori)Population includes 1 Punthamara, 4 Wongkumara, 2 Badjiri, and 1 Kalali. | Ethnologue | [103] | ||
| Ngurmbur language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [104] | ||
| Nhuwala language | 10 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [105] | ||
| Nijadali language | 6 (1990 SIL). | Ethnologue | [106] | ||
| Nimanbur language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [107] | ||
| Nungali language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [108] | ||
| Nyamal language | 20 to 30 (1991 SIL). | Ethnologue | [109] | ||
| Nyangga language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [110] | ||
| Nyawaygi language | 3 (1981). | Ethnologue | [111] | ||
| Nyigina language | 50 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [112] | ||
| Nyulnyul language | 1 (2001 McGregor). | Ethnologue | [113] | ||
| Pakanha language | 10 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [114] | ||
| Panytyima language | 50 (1972 B Geytenbeek). | Ethnologue | [115] | ||
| Pini language | 10. | Ethnologue | [116] | ||
| Pinigura language | 5 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [117] | ||
| Pitta Pitta language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [118] | ||
| Thaypan language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [119] | ||
| Tyaraity language | 10 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [120] | ||
| Umbindhamu language | 6 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [121] | ||
| Umbugarla language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [122] | ||
| Umbuygamu language | 7 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [123] | ||
| Uradhi language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [124] | ||
| Urningangg language | 10 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [125] | ||
| Wadjiginy language | 12 (1988 SIL). | Ethnologue | [126] | ||
| Wadjigu language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [127] | ||
| Wagaya language | 10 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [128] | ||
| Wageman language | 10 (2000). | Ethnologue | [129] | ||
| Wajarri language | 50 (1981 W Douglas) 200 or fewer (1981 W Douglas). | Ethnologue | [130] | ||
| Wakawaka language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [131] | ||
| Wambaya language | 12 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [132] | ||
| Wamin language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [133] | ||
| Wangaaybuwan-Ngiyambaa language | 12 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [134] | ||
| Wanggamala language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [135] | ||
| Wangganguru language | 8 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [136] | ||
| Wanman language | 20 (1973 SIL). | Ethnologue | [137] | ||
| Waray language | 4 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [138] | ||
| Wardaman language | 50 (1983 Black). | Ethnologue | [139] | ||
| Warlmanpa language | 50 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [140] | ||
| Warluwara language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [141] | ||
| Warrgamay language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [142] | ||
| Warrwa language | 2 (2001 McGregor). | Ethnologue | [143] | ||
| Warungu language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [144] | ||
| Wik-Epa language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [145] | ||
| Wik-Iiyanh language | 40 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [146] | ||
| Wik-Keyangan language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [147] | ||
| Wik-Me'anha language | 12 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [148] | ||
| Wikngenchera language | 50 (1970 Oates). | Ethnologue | [149] | ||
| Wilawila language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [150] | ||
| Wiradhuri language | 3 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [151] | ||
| Wirangu language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [152] | ||
| Worora language | 20 (1990 Schmidt). | Ethnologue | [153] | ||
| Wulna language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [154] | ||
| Wunambal language | 20 (1990 A Schmidt). | Ethnologue | [155] | ||
| Yandruwandha language | 2 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [156] | ||
| Yawarawarga language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [157] | ||
| Yawuru language | 30 (2001 K Hosokawa). | Ethnologue | [158] | ||
| Yidiny language | 12 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [159] | ||
| Yindjilandji language | 1 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [160] | ||
| Yinggarda language | 5 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). | Ethnologue | [161] | ||
| Yir Yoront language | 15 (1991 Bruce Sommer). | Ethnologue | [162] |
[edit] Micronesia
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nguluwan language | 50 (2000 Osamu Sakiyama). | Ethnologue | [163] |
[edit] New Caledonia
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arhâ language | 35 (1996 census). | Ethnologue | [164] | ||
| Haeke language | 100 (1982 SIL). | Ethnologue | [165] | ||
| Pwapwa language | 16 (1996 census). | Ethnologue | [166] | ||
| Zire language | 4 (1996 census). | Ethnologue | [167] |
[edit] Oceania
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amto language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Blablanga language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Bonerif language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Gao language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Itik language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Karas language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Keder language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Koiari language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Koita language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Kokota language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Mander language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Maremgi language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Mussau language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Oirata language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Sause language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Suarmin language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Taulil language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Zazao language | Red Book | aro | Araona language |
[edit] Palau
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tobian language | 22 (1995 SIL). | Ethnologue | [168] |
[edit] Papua New Guinea
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aribwatsa language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Asumboa language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Buma language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Kaki-ae language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Laghu language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Musom language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Ririo language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Tanambile language | Red Book | aro | Araona language |
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abaga language | 5 (1994 SIL) 1,200 (1975 SIL). | Ethnologue | [169] | ||
| Abom language | 15 (2002 SIL). | Ethnologue | [170] | ||
| Bilakura language | 30 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [171] | ||
| Dumun language | 35 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [172] | ||
| Gorovu language | 15 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [173] | ||
| Guramalum language | 3 or 4 (1987 SIL). | Ethnologue | [174] | ||
| Gweda language | 26 (2001 SIL). | Ethnologue | [175] | ||
| Kamasa language | 7 (2003 SIL). | Ethnologue | [176] | ||
| Karawa language | 63 (2003 SIL). | Ethnologue | [177] | ||
| Kawacha language | 12 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [178] | ||
| Kowaki language | 25 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [179] | ||
| Laua language | 1 (1987 SIL). | Ethnologue | [180] | ||
| Magori language | 100 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [181] | ||
| Makolkol language | 7 (1988 SIL). | Ethnologue | [182] | ||
| Mawak language | 25 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [183] | ||
| Puari language | 35 (2003 SIL). | Ethnologue | [184] | ||
| Sene language | 10 (1978 McElhanon). | Ethnologue | [185] | ||
| Susuami language | 10 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [186] | ||
| Tenis language | 30 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [187] | ||
| Turaka language | 25 (2000 Wurm). | Ethnologue | [188] | ||
| Turumsa language | 5 (2002 SIL). | Ethnologue | [189] | ||
| Unserdeutsch language | 100 in Papua New Guinea Population includes 15 in New Britain, a few in other parts of Papua New Guinea and the rest in southeastern Queensland, Australia (1981 C Volker). | Ethnologue | [190] |
[edit] Solomon Islands
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asumboa language | 10 (1999 SIL). | Ethnologue | [191] | ||
| Laghu language | 15 (1999 SIL). | Ethnologue | [192] | ||
| Oroha language | 38 (1999 SIL). | Ethnologue | [193] | ||
| Rennellese Sign Language language | 1 (1986 Gallaudet University). | Ethnologue | [194] | ||
| Tanema language | 3 (1999 SIL) 190 (1998 SIL). | Ethnologue | [195] | ||
| Tanimbili language | 15 (1999 SIL). | Ethnologue | [196] | ||
| Teanu language | 24 (1999 SIL). | Ethnologue | [197] | ||
| Zazao language | 10 (1999 SIL). | Ethnologue | [198] |
[edit] Vanuatu
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hiw language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Lehalurup language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Mafea language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Malmariv language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Naati language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Navwien language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Nisvai language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Sösörian language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Sowa language | Red Book | aro | Araona language | ||
| Ura language | Red Book | aro | Araona language |
| Language | Ethnonym | Speakers | Source | ISO 639-3 | Ethnologue entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aore language | 1 (1982 SIL). | Ethnologue | [199] | ||
| Araki language | 8. | Ethnologue | [200] | ||
| Maragus language | 10 (1971 Tryon). | Ethnologue | [201] | ||
| Nasarian language | 20 (1983 SIL). | Ethnologue | [202] | ||
| Sowa language | 20 (1971 Tryon). | Ethnologue | [203] | ||
| Ura language | 6 (1998 T Crowley). | Ethnologue | [204] |
