Links between popes

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[edit] Familial Connections

There have been several papal families:

• Pope Hormisdas was the father of Pope Silverius.

• The Borgias provided several Popes, as did the Medici family.

• Many Popes up to the early Renaissance engaged in nepotism - appointing younger male relatives to important ecclesiastical and other posts.

[edit] Medici Popes and Cardinals

• Giovanni de' Medici (1475–1523), became Pope Leo X (Pope 1513-1523)

• • (Cousin of...)

• Giulio de' Medici (1478–1534), became Pope Clement VII (Pope 1523-1534)

• Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici (1535–1605), became Pope Leo XI (Pope 1605)

The following were Medici Cardinals:

• Ippolito de' Medici (1511–1535), Cardinal
• Giovanni de' Medici (1543–1562), bishop of Pisa and cardinal
• Carlo de' Medici (1595-1666), Dean of the College of Cardinals
• Giovanni Carlo de' Medici (Giancarlo) (1611–1663), Bishop of Sabina, created cardinal in 1644
• Leopoldo de' Medici (1617–1675), created cardinal in 1667
• Francesco Maria de' Medici (1660–1711), Cardinal

[edit] Coincidences and other non-familial connections

• The first popes to die in the 20th and 21st centuries were the (then) third-longest serving popes (Leo XIII and John Paul II).

• Pius XI and John Paul II were mountaineers.

• Benedict XIV died on the same night as the head of the Jesuit order (otherwise known as the Black Pope).

• John Paul II died shortly after Clemente Domínguez y Gómez, an Antipope.

• Pope Paul VI appointed his three successors (John Paul I, John Paul II and Benedict XVI) as Cardinals.

• Pope Leo XVIII in 1899, considering the forthcoming Papal Jubilee that he had, attended the last one in 1825, and had been presented to Leo XII.