Laxmikant Pyarelal
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Laxmikant-Pyarelal (also known as LP or Laxmi-Pyare) was a popular Bollywood composer duo. The duo consisted of Laxmikant Shantaram Kudalkar (1937-1998) and Pyarelal R. Sharma (born 1940). They composed music for about 500 Bollywood movies from 1963 to 1998, working for almost all notable filmmakers including Raj Kapoor, Dev Anand, Feroze Khan, B.R. Chopra, Shakti Samanta, Manmohan Desai, Yash Chopra, Subhash Ghai and Manoj Kumar.
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[edit] Early days
[edit] Laxmikant
Laxmikant was born to very poor parents. He was quite impressed by mandolin and learnt to play it by his own. He used to play mandolin in street functions. Later, to earn some money, he started organizing Indian Classical Music concerts and started performing in them. He also started playing mandolin for Bollywood film music directors.
[edit] Pyarelal
Pyarelal was the son of a renowned trumpeter Pt. Ramprasad Sharma, who taught him the basics of music. He learnt to play violin from a Goan called Anthony Gonsalves (Interestingly, Amitabh Bachchan's character was called Anthony Gonsalves in the movie Amar Akbar Anthony as a tribute to Mr. Gonsalves. The movie had music by Laxmi-Pyare).
Pyarelal started learning violin at the age of 8 and practised it 8 to 12 hours daily. At the age of 12, he started playing violin in studios to earn money for his family, whose financial condition had deteriorated.
[edit] Formation of composer duo
When Laxmikant was about 10 years old, he once played mandolin in a Lata Mangeshkar concert in Radio Club, Colaba. Lata was so impressed that she talked to him after the concert
Laxmikant and Pyarelal met at Sureel Kala Kendra, a music academy for children, run by the Mangeshkar family. After she came to know about their financially poor backgrounds, Lata recommended their names to music directors like Naushad, Sachin Dev Burman and C. Ramchandra. Similar financial backgrounds and age made Laxmikant and Pyarelal very good friends. They used to spend long hours at the recording studios, sometimes getting work for each other and even playing together whenever they got the opportunity.
Pyarelal often used to frequent the Bombay Chamber Orchestra and the Paranjoti Academy, where he would perfect his skills in the company of Goody Seervai, Coomi Wadia, Mehli Mehta and his son, Zubin Mehta. Laxmi-Pyare were not content with the payments being made to them for their music, so they decided to go to Madras, (now Chennai). But, it was the same story there. So, they returned back. Once Pyarelal decided to leave India and go to Venice to play for symphony orchestras, just like Zubin. However, he stayed back at Laxmikant's insistence. Some of Laxmi-Pyare's colleagues at this time included Pandit Shivkumar Sharma (Santoor) and Pandit Hariprasad Chaurasia (flute). Later, Shivkumar and Hariprasad also ventured in Bollywood as Shiv-Hari.
Laxmi-Pyare worked with almost all reputed music directors (with the exception of O. P. Nayyar and Shankar-Jaikishan) of the 1950s. In 1953, they became assistants to Kalyanji-Anandji and worked with them as assistants till 1963. They worked as music arrangers for many music directors including Sachin Dev Burman (in Ziddi) and also for his son Rahul Dev Burman (in his first film Chhote Nawab). Laxmi-Pyare and R D Burman remained very good friends, even when Laxmi-Pyare started giving music independently. R D Burman played mouth organ for all songs of Dosti. Laxmikant once made a guest appearance playing role of himself as a Composer of Song "Dil Ki Baat" in Teri Kasam (1982), which had music by R D Burman.
[edit] Initial days as music directors
In their early days, Laxmi-Pyare's music was very similar to Shankar-Jaikishan's music, as Laxmikant was a great fan of theirs. Once Shankar even changed his orchestration to make sure that his music did not sound like Laxmi-Pyare's. Laxmi-Pyare's first film as music directors was not released. The first released movie which featured them as music directors was Babubhai Mistry's Parasmani (1963), which was a B-grade mythological film. Throughout their tenure as music directors, Laxmi-Pyare only used A-grade singers. Their mentor Lata Mangeshkar and Mohammad Rafi agreed to sing for them in spite of low budgets, and Laxmi-Pyare always remained indebted to them. In fact, Lata has sung the maximum number of songs in her career for Laxmi-Pyare. When Rafi's career was sidelined due to Kishore Kumar's ascending star, Laxmi-Pyare continued to give patronage to Rafi, sometimes against filmmakers' wishes. Of course, they had a great rapport with Kishore Kumar as well.
Laxmi-Pyare hit the big time with Rajshri Productions' 1964 film Dosti. The film had two newcomer heroes who never became popular, and the film was a success due to its music. Songs like Chahoonga main tujhe shaam savere and Rahi manava became very popular. At that time, many used to think that there was a single person by the name of Laxmikant Pyarelal. Laxmi-Pyare won their first Filmfare Best Music Director Award for the movie, ahead of stalwarts like Shankar-Jaikishan (for Sangam) and Madan Mohan (for Woh Kaun Thi).
After Dosti's success, Laxmi-Pyare started getting work from all major filmmakers. The rise of Laxmi-Pyare, Rahul Dev Burman, and Kalyanji-Anandji marked the end of an old era of Bollywood music, which belonged to Shankar-Jaikishan, Naushad, C. Ramchandra, and others.
The team of Laxmi-Pyare and lyricist Anand Bakshi churned out some of the most popular songs in Bollywood history. The combo composed songs for more than 250 movies. Anand Bakshi was the lyricist who wrote the maximum number of texts Laxmi-Pyare gave music to. He was actually the lyricist for all the films for which Laxmi-Pyare won Filmfare Awards, except their very first award. LP have been accused of 'buying' Filmfare awards frequently.
[edit] Discography
Laxmi-Pyare gave music for almost 500 films in their 35-year career, winning 32 Gold Discs. They won seven Filmfare awards, including four times in a row. They also won the Lata Mangeshkar Award. Some of their successful scores include Shagird, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Roti Kapda Aur Makaan, Aan Milo Sajna, Meheboob Ki Mehendi, Chacha Bhatija, Roti, Anurodh, Satyam Shivam Sundaram, Amar Akbar Anthony, Sargam, Karz, Kranti, Prem Rog, Ek Duje Ke Liye, Hero, Utsav, Tezaab, Ram Lakhan, Chalbaaz, Mr. India, Saudagar, Khalnayak. In 1997 they also given music for a Malayalam film Poonila Mazha. For a complete filmography, please see Pyarelal's IMDB entry and Laxmikant's IMDB entry.
[edit] Style of Music
Laxmi-Pyare gave Indian classical music as well as Western music. But they were most popular for their folk tunes and semi-classical music. In Shagird, they created Rock-n-Roll-style foot-tapping melodies. The film Karz is worth specially mentioning here where LP successfully, gave disco-like music, which is strongly remembered even now.
Although not as a rule, Laxmikant mostly looked after vocals and Pyarelal used to take care of orchestration. Both had vast knowledge of various music generes, musical instruments and orchestra management.
Laxmi-Pyare always got only A-Grade singers to sing for them - Lata Mangeshkar,
[edit] Lata Mangeshkar and Laxmikant-Pyarelal
Lata Mangeshkar played a major role in shaping up the careers of LP. She sang the maximum numbers of songs for them. She sounds extremely melodious under the LP. Lata Mangeshkar and Laxmikant-Pyarelal shared a long, close and rewarding association.
From 1963, to the next 35 years, Lata Mangeshkar and and Laxmikant-Pyarelal were to chalk up around 700 songs together, which accounted for one in every 10 Hindi film songs recorded by the Melody Queen, and one of every four songs composed by the duo[citation needed]. Their work includes a variety and range; there were chart-slammers and classics, and chaalu numbers as well as connoisseur choices.
LP worked with Mohammad Rafi, Kishore Kumar, Alka Yagnik, Kumar Sanu, Udit Narayan. However, they also gave big breaks to many newcomers like Shailender Singh, Kavita Krishnamurthy, Mohammed Aziz, Suresh Wadkar and Shabbir Kumar, Sukhwinder Singh, Vinod Rathod, Roop Kumar Rathod etc.
[edit] After Laxmikan't death
After Laxmikant's death, Pyarelal has done some work independently.
When the playback singer Kumar Sanu turned music director, he approached Pyarelal to arrange music for him.
[edit] Awards
After Laxmikant-Pyarelal made debut as a music director duo in 1963, they were nominated for the Filmfare Awards (Best Music Director) almost every year. Many times, they were nominated for three or more numbers of films in a particular year. At the same time LP narrowly missed the awards for musical hits like Aaye Din Bahar Ke, Intquam, Do Raste, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Shor, Daag, Bobby, Ek Duje Ke Liye, Utsav and Sur Sangam
LP got 7 Filmfare Trophies, for the following films:
- 1964: Dosti
- 1967: Milan
- 1969: Jeene Ki Raah
- 1977: Amar Akabar Anthony
- 1978: Satyam Shivam Sundaram
- 1979: Sargam
- 1980: Karz
[edit] Achievements
- As musicians, Laxmikant Pyarelal have worked for every reputed music director of the 1950s with the exception of O.P. Nayyar and Shankar-Jaikishan.
- Laxmikant Pyarelal have given music to over 500 hindi films.
- Laxmikant Pyarelal are also winners of Indian Government’s prestigious Lata Mangeshkar Award.
- Singer Lata Mangeshkar has sung the maximum number of songs in her career ever for this duo.
- In the third quarter of 1963, LP's first ever songs Hasta Hua Nurani Chehara form Parasmani hit the Binaca Geetmala. After that LP's songs were regularly and prominently aired on the radio show. There used to be sixteen songs in each of the weekly Binaca Geetmala programme, more than half the numbers of the songs were of LP. There are certain weekly Binaca Geetmala programmes in which more than 13 out of 16 songs of LP were broadcast[citation needed].
- Even today, LP’s music is very popular all over India, even in the interior hearts of the country, and their music has always been more well-known than they personally ever were, contrary to all their contemporaries.
