Lake Calumet
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lake Calumet is the largest body of water within the city of Chicago. Formerly a shallow, postglacial lake draining into Lake Michigan, it has been changed beyond recognition by urban redevelopment. Parts of the lake have been dredged, other parts reshaped by landfill, and the surviving fragment of the lake now, with the rest of the city of Chicago, drains into the Des Plaines River and the Mississippi River basin.
Contents |
[edit] History
Lake Calumet was near the center of an extensive wetland area located within Hyde Park township, Cook County. Because the lake's Calumet River created shipping opportunities out onto Lake Michigan, the swampy zone was rapidly filled and developed by industry in the 1880s. The Chicago neighborhood of Pullman, with its railroad passenger car factories, was sited on the lake's west shore. Steel mills began to line the Calumet River. The Illinois Central railroad was built nearby.
Some of the landfilling work was done with steel mill slag and other industrial wastes. The presence of hazardous chemicals in much of the fill material has led to suggestions that parts of the Lake Calumet area be added to the Superfund list. [1]
[edit] Today
The remains of Lake Calumet lie east of the Bishop Ford Expressway (Interstate 94) on the far south side of Chicago, between 103rd street and 130th street. The lake itself is part of the underutilized Port of Chicago. A lakeside grain elevator can be seen from the expressway.
The vestigial lake officially lies within Chicago's South Deering community area. Cleanup efforts in former landfills areas continue as of 2006.
[edit] Trivia
The Bishop Ford Freeway was once named the Calumet Expressway, in honor of Lake Calumet and the Calumet River.
