Lahore Resolution
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The Lahore Resolution, commonly known as the Pakistan Resolution, was the National documentation and a formal political statement adopted by the All India Muslim League on 23 March 1940 that called for greater Muslim autonomy in India. This has been largely interpreted as a demand for a seperate Muslim state, Pakistan. The resolution was presided by Abul Kashem Fazlul Huq.
Although the idea of founding the state Pakistan had been introduced as early as 1930, very few had responded to it. However, the volatile political climate and hostilities between the Hindus and Muslims in British India gave the idea stronger backing. The division of India into two separate sovereign states is sometimes referred as Two Nation Theory.
In 1939, the Viceroy Lord Linlithgow declared India's entrance into World War II without consulting provincial governments. In protest, the Indian National Congress asked all of its elected representatives to resign from the government. In 1940, Mohammad Ali Jinnah called a general session of the All India Muslim League in Lahore to discuss the situation. The meeting was also aimed at analyzing the reasons that led to the defeat of the Muslim League in the Indian general election of 1937 in the Muslim majority provinces. Jinnah, in his speech, criticised the Congress and the nationalist Muslims, and espoused the Two-Nation Theory and the reasons for the demand for separate Muslim homelands. Sikandar Hayat Khan, the Chief Minister of the Punjab, drafted the original Lahore Resolution, which was placed before the Subject Committee of the All India Muslim League for discussion and amendments. The resolution, radically amended by the subject committee, was moved in the general session by Shere-Bangla A.K. Fazlul Huq, the Chief Minister of Bengal, on 23 March and was supported by Choudhury Khaliquzzaman and other Muslim leaders.
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[edit] The statement
The resolution declared:
- "No constitutional plan would be workable or acceptable to the Muslims unless geographical contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be so constituted with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary. That the areas in which the Muslims are numerically in majority as in the North-Western and Eastern zones of India should be grouped to constitute independent states in which the constituent units shall be autonomous and sovereign.[1] That adequate, effective and mandatory safeguards shall be specifically provided in the constitution for minorities in the units and in the regions for the protection of their religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights of the minorities, with their consultation. Arrangements thus should be made for the security of Muslims where they were in a minority".[2]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ (English) Story of Pakistan website, Jin Technologies (Pvt) Limited. "Lahore Resolution (1940): Page 4". Retrieved on 2006-04-23.
- ^ (English) Story of Pakistan website, Jin Technologies (Pvt) Limited. "Lahore Resolution (1940): Page 5". Retrieved on 2006-04-23.
[edit] External links
- (English) Official website, Government of Pakistan. "The Great Leader: The Pakistan Resolution". Retrieved on 2006-04-23.
- (English) Official website, Nazaria-i-Pakistan Foundation. "The Pakistan Resolution (1940)". Retrieved on 2006-04-23.
- (English) Story of Pakistan website, Jin Technologies (Pvt) Limited. "Lahore Resolution (1940)". Retrieved on 2006-04-23.
- (English) Online edition, Jang Group of Newspapers. "March 23, 1940: Muslim League's historic Lahore Convention". Retrieved on 2006-04-23.
- (English) Banglapedia, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. "Lahore Resolution". Retrieved on 2006-04-23.
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