Kovin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| Location in Serbia | |
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| General Information | |
| District | South Banat |
| Land area | 730 km² |
| Population (2002 census) |
14,250 (town) 36,802 (municipality) |
| Settlements | 10 |
| Coordinates | |
| Area code | +381 13 |
| Car plates | PA |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) |
| Website | http://www.kovin.org.yu |
| Politics | |
| Mayor | Sava Krstić |
Kovin (Serbian: Kovin or Ковин, Romanian: Cuvin, Hungarian: Kevevára, German: Kubin) is a town and municipality in South Banat District of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 14,250, while the municipality has 36,802 inhabitants.
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[edit] Name
In the past, the town was also known as Donji Kovin ("lower Kovin") in contrast to the town with same name in Hungary that was known in Serbian as Gornji Kovin ("upper Kovin") and in Hungarian as Ráckeve ("the Serb Kovin").
[edit] History
There are remains of the ancient Roman fortress called Contra Margum. In the 9th and 10th centuries, this area was populated by Slavs and Bulgarian voivod Glad ruled over the region. Glad was defeated by the Hungarians, and the area was included into the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. In the 11th century, one of the descendants of Glad, Ahtum, ruled over the region but he, too, was defeated by the Hungarians.
Kovin is mentioned for the first time in the 12th century as a seat of the county, which included most of the western Banat. Since the 14th century, the city has had a large Serb population that escaped there from Serbia under threat by the Ottomans. The Serbian despot Lazar Branković took control over the city in 1457, but in the next year it came again under control of the Kingdom of Hungary.
In the 16th century, the city was included in the Ottoman Empire and became a part of the Ottoman Province of Temeşvar. During the Ottoman rule (16th-17th century), Kovin was mostly populated by ethnic Serbs. In 1716, it became part of the Habsburg Monarchy and belonged to the Habsburg Banat of Temeswar until 1751 when it became part of the Habsburg Military Frontier (Banat Krajina).
In 1848/1849, Kovin was part of the Serbian Voivodship, but in 1849 it was again placed under administration of the Military Frontier. With the abolishment of the Military Frontier in 1873, Kovin was incorporated into Temes county within the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. According to the 1910 census, Kovin District had a population of 35,482, of whom 16,795 spoke Serbian, 6,587 German, 5,705 Romanian, and 5,355 Hungarian. [1]
In 1918, Kovin became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed to Yugoslavia in 1929). Between 1918 and 1922, it was part of Banat county; between 1922 and 1929 part of the Podunavska oblast; and between 1929 and 1941 part of the Danube Banovina. Between 1941 and 1944, Kovin was under Axis occupation and was part of the autonomous Banat region within German-occupied Serbia. In 1945, it became part of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina within the Socialist Republic of Serbia and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In 1992, Kovin became part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which was in 2003 transformed into the state union of Serbia and Montenegro. Since 2006, the town is part of an independent Serbia.
[edit] Inhabited places
Kovin municipality includes the town of Kovin and the following villages:
[edit] Historical population of the town
| Year | 1900 | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2002 |
| Population | 5,847 | 8,309 | 9,766 | 11,986 | 12,408 | 13,779 | 13,669 | 14,250 |
[edit] Ethnic groups
[edit] Major ethnic groups in the municipality
| Year | Population | Serbs | Germans | Romanians | Hungarians | Croats | Roma | Slovaks | Rest |
| 1910. | 34,034 | 45.52% | 19.30% | 16.65% | 15.64% | 0.09% | 1.28% | 0.12% | 1.70% |
| 1931. | 35,600 | 50.66% | 20.68% | n/d | 13.0% | n/d | n/d | n/d | 15.64% |
| 1961. | 39,994 | 73.1% | n/d | 17.6% | 13.59% | n/d | 0.04% | 0.14% | 5.27% |
| 1991. | 38,263 | 73.53% | 0.20% | 4.54% | 10.28% | 0.39% | 2.47% | 0.05% | 8.54% |
| 2002. | 36,802 | 76.75% | 0.13% | 3.7% | 9.26% | 0.3% | 3.1% | 0.11% | 7.44% |
[edit] Settlements by ethnic majority
Settlements with a Serb ethnic majority are: Kovin, Bavanište, Gaj, Deliblato, Dubovac, Malo Bavanište, Mramorak, and Pločica. Skorenovac has a Hungarian ethnic majority. Šumarak is an ethnically-mixed settlement with a relative Hungarian majority.
[edit] Major ethnic groups in the town
| Year | Total | Serbs | Hungarians | Romanians | Roma | Montenegrins | Yugoslavs | Macedonians | Rest |
| 1991 | 13,669 | 76.19% | 6.78% | 3.47% | 1.40% | 1.67% | 6.81% | 0.76% | 2.21% |
| 2002 | 14,250 | 80.79% | 5.51% | 2.93% | 2.00% | 0.92% | 1.26% | 0.50% | 6.09% |
[edit] References
- Jovan Erdeljanović, Srbi u Banatu, Novi Sad, 1992.
- Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 1996.
- Msgr. Erős Lajos, Adalékok a Zrenjanini-Nagybecskereki Egyházmegye történetéhez, 1993. (Additamenta ad historiam Diocesis Zrenjaninensis-Nagybecskerekensis)
