Kopáč passive sensor
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Kopáč ("digger") was an early electronic warfare support measures (ESM) system developed in Czechoslovakia in the early 1960's that used measurements of time difference of arrival (TDOA) of pulses at three sites to accurately detect and track airborne emitters. The system used the principle of multilateration and was capable of simultaneously manually tracking up to six targets. It was first deployed in 1963 and was also known by its serial number, PRP-1. The initials PRP come from the Czech "Přesný Radiotechnický Pátrač", meaning "Accurate Radiotechnical Searcher", the name comes from "Korelační pátrač", meaning "Correlation searcher".
The concept was derived by Vlastimil Pech and patented in Czechoslovak classified patent 771 on November 13th 1961. Subsequent related patents 830, 852 and 859 were filed by Vladimír Zárybnický in 1962. The system used analogue signal processing and operated in D, G\H and I\J bands, as well as specifically against IFF and TACAN transponders at 1090 MHz.
It remained in service with the Czechoslovak People's Army until 1979.
