Kaltag, Alaska

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Kaltag is a city in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 230.

1 Geography
2 Demographics
3 History
4 External links

[edit] Geography

Kaltag is located at 64°19′31″N, 158°43′37″W (64.325145, -158.727030)^GR1.

Kaltag is on the west bank of the Yukon River, 120 km (75 miles) west of Galena. It is located on a 10 m (35 foot) high bluff at the base of the Nulato Hills, west of the Innoko National Wildlife Refuge.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 70.9 km² (27.4 mi²). 60.3 km² (23.3 mi²) of it is land and 10.6 km² (4.1 mi²) of it (14.97%) is water.

[edit] Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 230 people, 69 households, and 52 families residing in the city. The population density was 3.8/km² (9.9/mi²). There were 78 housing units at an average density of 1.3/km² (3.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 12.61% White, 84.35% Native American, and 3.04% from two or more races.

There were 69 households out of which 49.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.1% were married couples living together, 18.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.2% were non-families. 21.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.33 and the average family size was 3.83.

In the city the population was spread out with 37.0% under the age of 18, 12.2% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 15.7% from 45 to 64, and 7.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females there were 132.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 126.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,167, and the median income for a family was $25,625. Males had a median income of $20,938 versus $48,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,361. About 29.8% of families and 33.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 45.7% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those sixty five or over.

[edit] History

Kaltag was a Koyokon Athabascan area used as a cemetery for surrounding villages. It is located on an old portage trail which led west through the mountains to Unalakleet. The Athabascans had seasonal camps in the area and moved as the wild game migrated. There were 12 summer fish camps located on the Yukon River between the Koyukuk River and the Nowitna River.

Kaltag was named by Russians for the Koyokon man named Kaltaga.

There was a smallpox epidemic in 1839 that killed a large part of the population of the area.

After the Alaska Purchase, a United States military telegraph line was constructed along the north side of the Yukon River. A trading post opened around 1880, just before the gold rush of 1884-85. Steamboats on the Yukon, which supplied gold prospectors ran before and after 1900 with 46 boats in operation on the river in the peak year of 1900. A measles epidemic and food shortages during 1900 reduced the population of the area by one-third. The village Kaltag was established after the epidemic when survivors from three nearby villages moved to the area.

There was a minor gold rush in the area in the 1880s. In 1906, gold seekers left for Fairbanks or Nome; however, the Galena lead mines began operating in 1919. Kaltag was downriver from the mines and grew as a point on the transportation route for the mines. It declined in the 1940s as mining declined.

The old cemetery caved into the river around 1937. An airport and clinic were constructed during the 1960s.

Kaltag has a yearly week long Stick Dance Festival that draws visitors from many neighboring villages. This festival is sponsored by relatives of the recently deceased, in appreciation of those who helped during their time of mourning.

Much of the economy around Kaltag is based on subsistence hunting and fishing. Salmon, whitefish, moose, bear, waterfowl and berries are elements of the subsistence economy.