July 20/Events1

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This page is to list events of July 20 before 1950.

1 To 1300
2 1300-1899
3 1900-1920
4 1920-1929
5 1930-1939
6 1940-1949
7 Births
8 Deaths
- 8.1 To 1899
- 8.2 1900-1949
9 References

[edit] To 1300

514 - Roman Catholic Church: Pope Hormisdas assumes the papacy.

[edit] 1300-1899

1304 - Great Britain: Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold in the Wars of Scottish Independence, Stirling Castle.
1712 - United Kingdom: The Riot Act takes effect.
1738 - North America: French explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de la Vérendrye reaches the western shore of Lake Michigan.
1810 - South America: Colombia declares independence from Spain.
1833 - United States: An Anti-Mormon mob in Independence, Missouri, destroys the printing press for the Book of Commandments, now among the most valuable 19th century books.
1861 - American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States of America begins sitting in Richmond, Virginia.
1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Peachtree Creek - Near Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate forces led by General John Bell Hood unsuccessfully attack Union troops under General William T. Sherman.
1866 - Europe: Battle of Lissa - The Austrian navy, led by Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff, defeats the Italian navy near the island of Vis.
1871 - North America: British Columbia joins the confederation of Canada.
1872 - Technology: The United States Patent Office awards the first patent for wireless telegraphy to Mahlon Loomis.
1877 - United States: rioting in Baltimore, Maryland by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers is put down by the state militia, resulting in nine deaths.
1881 - Indian Wars: Sioux Chief Sitting Bull leads the last of his fugitive people in surrender to United States troops at Fort Buford in Montana.

[edit] 1900-1920

1907 - United States: A train wreck on the Pere Marquette Railroad near Salem, Michigan kills thirty and injures seventy more.
1910 - United States: The Christian Endeavor Society of Missouri announces a campaign to ban films showing kissing between unrelated persons.
1914 - United Kingdom: King George V of England reviews the fleet at Spithead.
1914 - Russia: Czar Nicholas II welcomes France's President Raymond Poincaré.
1915 - World War I: French forces advance up the Fecht valley toward Münster.
1915 - World War I: Russian forces defend the railroad linking Lublin and Kholm while evacuating the areas west of Groitsi.
1915 - World War I: Italian troops launch an attack near Gorizia.
1915 - United Kingdom: A strike by coal miners in Wales is settled.
1916 - World War I: A French plane drops leaflets on Berlin.
1916 - World War I: On the Western Front, British troops advance one thousand yards on the front between Bazetin and Longueval.
1916 - World War I: On the Eastern Front, there is heavy fighting near Riga between German and Russian forces.
1916 - World War I: In Armenia, Russian troops capture Gumiskhanek.
1916 - World War I: The Ottoman Empire bombs Suez.
1916 - World War I: In London, Parliament debates the campaign in Mesopotamia.
1917 - Yugoslavia: The Corfu Declaration, which created the post-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia, was signed by the Yugoslav Committee and Kingdom of Serbia.
1917 - Russia: Alexander Kerensky becomes Prime Minister of the provisional government and survives an assassination attempt.
1917 - United States: The first military draft numbers are drawn.
1917 - Middle East: In Baghdad, a record temperature of 123°F is recorded.
1918 - World War I: German troops cross the Marne.
1918 - World War I: An air raid in Kent causes no damage.
1918 - World War I: The British destroyer Marne sinks the U-boat which sank the Justicia.
1918 - United Kingdom: Munitions workers in Birmingham threaten to strike.

[edit] 1920-1929

1920 - United States: Democratic presidential candidate James M. Cox denounces the campaign fundraising of the Republicans.
1920 - Europe: The funeral of Empress Eugenie of France is held in St. Michael's Abbey near Farnborough, England.
1920 - United States: Boxer Jack Johnson is arrested near San Diego, California as he crosses the border from Tijuana, Mexico after being on the run for five years after his conviction under the Mann Act.
1921 - Illinois: Governor Len Small and Lieutenant Governor Fred E. Sterling are indicted by the Sangamon County grand jury for embezzlement and defrauding the state of $2,000,000.
1921 - Massachusetts: The commonwealth's attorney general issues an opinion that, while the Nineteenth Amendment gave women the vote, they are barred from running for office under the Massachusetts constitution.
1921 - United States: A United States Senate committee chaired by Kenneth McKellar (D-Tennessee) hears testimony of how mine operators hired private detectives to infiltrate and spy on the United Mine Workers.
1921 - Mexico: The Amatian oil fields 129 km south of Tampico burn, causing millions of dollars in damage.
1921 - United States: Air mail service begins between New York City and San Francisco.
1922 - Africa: The League of Nations awards mandates of Togoland to France and Tanganyika to the United Kingdom.
1923 - United States: In New York City, the Ku Klux Klan sues William Randolph Hearst's International Magazine to stop it from publishing Ku Klux Klan information files that the Klan says were stolen.
1923 - New York State: New York City Mayor Mike Hylan, in a speech in Ogdensburg, says both the Republican and Democratic Parties are "corrupt manipulators" and urges the public to abandon both of them.
1923 - Pacific Ocean: Japan presents a report to the League of Nations on the Mandated Islands that presents its administration as liberal and progressive.
1924 - Persia: Teheran is under martial law after the American vice consul, Robert Imbrie, is killed by a religious mob enraged by rumors he had poisoned a fountain and killed several people.
1924 - Olympics: Americans Helen Wills and Vincent Richards win the Olympic tennis championships in Paris.
1924 - New York City: On a sweltering day, Coney Island breaks its attendance record as over 600,000 try to escape the heat.
1925 - Tennessee: In Cleveland, Clarence Darrow questions William Jennings Bryan in the Scopes Monkey Trial during a session held out of doors about the literal truth of the Bible. Darrow also apologizes to the court after the judge cited him for contempt.
1926 - Methodist Church: A convention of the church votes to allow women to become priests.
1926 - Oklahoma: In Muskogee, four men were shot and six others badly beaten by two police officers on a drunken rampage in three downtown hotels.
1926 - United Kingdom: In a speech to the Christian Endeavor Movement, David Lloyd George tells youth it must not repeat the mistakes of his generation and avoid war. He warns them Europe had "delirium tremens" from arms and it is getting "drunk" on them once again.
1927 - Romania: Michael I becomes King at age five upon the death of his father Ferdinand I.
1927 - United States: Following a devastating spring flood in the lower Mississippi Valley, Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover charged by President Calvin Coolidge on investigating the region's needs, presents the president with a $200 million flood control plan.
1927 - Austria: Fifty-seven victims of rioting in Vienna are buried in a single grave.
1928 - United States: A United States Coast Guard patrol boat is sunk after a Brazilian freighter slices it in two off Lewes, Delaware, killing two sailors.
1928 - Hungary: The government issues a decree ordering Gypsies to end their nomadic ways, settle permanently in one place, and subject themselves to the same laws and taxes as other Hungarians.
1929 - Far East: Soviet troops attempt to cross the Amur River into Manchuria near Blagovestchensk as tensions mount between the Soviet Union and China.
1929 - New Hampshire: The locomotive "Old Peppersass" derails on the rack railway in Mount Washington and explodes, killing one.
1929 - France: Parliament narrowly approves President Raymond Poincaré's plan to reschedule the country's foreign debts.
1929 - United States: President Herbert Hoover protests the use of his name on the selling of apricots grown on a California farm he owns an interest in.
1929 - Ohio: A plane crashes near Toledo, killing three.

[edit] 1930-1939

1930 - Soviet Union: Maxim Litvinov is named the Soviet Union's Commissar of Foreign Affairs.
1930 - New York State: Alfred E. Smith, president of the company building the Empire State Building, announces the structure will have an observation deck 1,288 feet above Fifth Avenue.
1930 - New York State: Five die in the 92°F heat New York City from the heat wave gripping the east coast.
1931 - United States: Former Interior Secretary Albert Fall enters state prison in Santa Fe, New Mexico on his bribery conviction from the Teapot Dome scandal.
1931 - Connecticut: Two United States Army Air Corps planes collide over Newington, killing two.
1931 - Spain: Three are dead in rioting in Seville after police clash with marchers in a funeral parade for a syndicalist killed by the police days earlier.
1932 - Germany: President Paul von Hindenburg signs a decree ordering Franz von Papen to take control of the Prussian state government and declares martial law.
1932 - South America: Crowds in the capitals of Bolivia and Paraguay demand their governments declare war on the other after fighting on their border.
1932 - United States: In Washington, D.C., police fire tear gas on World War I veterans part of the Bonus Expeditionary Force who attempt to march to the White House.
1932 - United States: The AFL votes to ask President Herbert Hoover to help it secure a five-day work week.
1933 - Europe: Germany's Franz von Papen and the Vatican's Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli sign a concordat on behalf of their respective nations.
1933 - United Kingdom: In London, 500,000 march against anti-Semitism.
1933 - United States: President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders new regulations on the trading of grain in order to curb speculators.
1933 - Tennessee: The state becomes the nineteenth to approve the Twenty-first Amendment to repeal Prohibition.
1933 - Germany: The Nazis arrest two-hundred Jewish merchants in Nuremberg and parade them through the streets.
1933 - Aviation: Aviator Wiley Post damages his plane as he lands in Flat, Alaska, on his first round-the-world flight.
1934 - Minnesota: Police in Minneaspolis fire upon striking truck drivers, wounding fifty.
1934 - Washington: In Seattle, Mayor Charles L. Smith leads police in firing tear gas on and clubbing 2,000 striking longshoremen.
1934 - Oregon: Governor Julius Meier calls out the National Guard to break a strike on the Portland docks.
1934 - Maine: Three murderers serving life sentences escape from the state prison in Thomaston.
1934 - Iowa: The state experiences its hottest day on record as the temperature hits 118°F in Keokuk.
1934 - United States: Postmaster General James A. Farley announces that the United States Post Office Department turned a $5 million profit in the fiscal year ended June 30, the first annual profit since 1919.
1934 - United States: President Franklin D. Roosevelt heads to Hawaii aboard the cruiser USS Houston (CA-30).
1934 - Andorra: Spain arrests a man who proclaimed himself the ruler of the tiny principality under the name "Boris I".
1935 - New York State: Lightning kills four on the shore at Brighton Beach.
1935 - Switzerland: A Royal Dutch Airlines plane en route from Milan to Frankfurt crashes into a Swiss mountain, killing thirteen.
1935 - Ethiopia: Emperor Haile Selassie demands Italy cease its demands on his country.
1935 - Turkey: A munitions dump near Istanbul explodes killing many.
1935 - India: Riots between Muslims and Sikhs over a mosque in Lahore leave eleven dead.
1936 - Freedom of the seas: The Montreux Convention is signed in Montreux, Switzerland, authorizing Turkey to fortify the Dardanelles and Bosphorus but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime.
1936 - Aviation: Aviator Wiley Post nears Alaska aboard the Winnie Mae on his second round the world flight. His trip makes him the first person to fly around the world twice.
1937 - Michigan: A judge rules the Ford Motor Company, as well as eight individuals, must stand trial on criminal charges of assault for attacks on strikers in May.
1937 - Florida: Two black men accused of stabbing a policeman are taken by a mob from the Leon County jail in Tallahassee and killed.
1938 - United States: The Justice Department files suit in New York City against the motion picture industry charging violations of anti-trust law. The case would eventually result in a break-up of the industry in 1948.
1938 - Aviation: Ireland's President Douglas Hyde receives Douglas "Wrongway" Corrigan in Dublin after his transatlantic flight.
1939 - United States: The keel of the battleship USS Massachusetts (BB-59) is laid at the Bethlehem Steel shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts.

[edit] 1940-1949

1940 - Denmark leaves the League of Nations.
1940 - Pop culture: Billboard magazine publishes its first "Music Popularity Chart"; the first number one song is Frank Sinatra's "I'll Never Smile Again".
1940 - Southeast Asia: Admiral Jean Decoux named governor of French Indochina by Marshal Philippe Pétain.
1940 - United States: President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs a bill limiting political activity by Federal employees, the Hatch Act.
1941 - Soviet Union: Joseph Stalin consolidates the Commissariats of Home Affairs and National Security to form the NKVD and names Lavrenti Beria its chief.
1941 - South America: In Bolivia, the government makes arrests, including the former finance minister Victor Paz Estenssoro, and shuts down newspapers, claiming a Nazi coup is in the works.
1941 - Baseball: In Detroit, Michigan, the New York Yankees beat the Tigers 12-6 in a marathon seventeen inning game.
1942 - World War II: The first unit of the Women's Army Corps begins training in Des Moines, Iowa.
1942 - World War II: Red Army troops take bridgeheads over the Don River near Voronezh.
1942 - World War II: The Royal Air Force attacks Fuka
1942 - United States: The House of Representatives by a vote of 392-2 passes the largest tax increase in American history, $6.3 billion, and raises corporate tax rates to 90 percent.
1943 - World War II: Red Army forces launch an attack on a 450 mile front from Taganrog to Orel.
1943 - World War II: American and Canadian troops conquer Enna on Sicily.
1943 - World War II: Three Japanese Navy ships are sunk by American planes near Vila in the Solomon Islands.
1943 - World War II: In Washington, D.C., Admiral Frederick Horne, Vice Chief of Naval Operations says the U.S. Navy is planning for the war to last until 1949.
1943 - World War II: Axis leaders Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini confer in northern Italy
1944 - Germany: Adolf Hitler survives the July 20 Plot an assassination attempt led by Claus von Stauffenberg.
1944 - World War II: American troops land on Guam near Port Apra.
1944 - World War II: On Sicily, fighting continues between German and American forces near Catania.
1944 - India: In Bombay, health authorities announce a cholera epidemic has killed 34,000 in three months.
1944 - United States: The United States Democratic Party nominates Franklin D. Roosevelt for a fourth term as president.
1944 - Mexico: Fifty are hurt in rioting in front of the presidential palace in Mexico City.
1945 - United States: The U.S. Congress approves the Bretton Woods Agreement Act.
1945 - World War II: Talks continue on the fourth day of the Potsdam Conference outside Berlin.
1946 - World War II: The U.S. Congress's Pearl Harbor Committee says Franklin D. Roosevelt was completely blameless for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and calls for a unified command structure in the armed forces.
1946 - United States: The United States House of Representatives votes 265-79 to put control of atomic energy in the hands of a civilian body, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, rather than leave the military in control.
1946 - United States: Congressional conferees agree to extend the Office of Price Administration and its wage and price controls to June 30, 1947.
1946 - United States: Congress sends President Harry S. Truman the GI Bill.
1946 - Michigan: A grand jury indicts nineteen members of the state legislature for bribery for obstructing a banking reform bill.
1946 - Roman Catholic Church: Pope Pius XII denounces nationalization of industries.
1946 - World War II: The Soviet Union informed the United States Army that Lord Hee Haw, the Iowa-born propaganda broadcaster, had died in a Soviet camp in October 1945.
1946 - United Kingdom: Prime Minister Clement Atlee denounces leader of the opposition Winston Churchill's "stunts" and says the Tories have no plan.
1947 - Southeast Asia: Police in Burma arrest former Prime Minister U Saw and 19 others on charges of assassinating Prime Minister U Aung San and seven members of his cabinet.
1947 - South Asia: The viceroy of India says the people of the Northwest Frontier Province overwhelmingly voted the previous day to join Pakistan rather than India.
1947 - Roman Catholic Church: Pope Pius XII canonizes a French saint, Blessed Louis-Marie Gregnon de Montort.
1948 - Cold War: President Harry S. Truman issues the first peacetime military draft in the United States amid increasing tensions with the Soviet Union.
1948 - Far East: Syngman Rhee is elected president of South Korea by parliament.
1948 - United States: In New York City, twelve leaders of the Communist Party USA are indicted under the Smith Act including William Z. Foster and Gus Hall.
1949 - Middle East: Israel and Syria sign a truce to end their nineteen month war.
1949 - Bulgaria: Parliament elects Vassil Kolarov prime minister, replacing Georgi Dimitrov.
1949 - United States: Carmine DeSapio becomes leader of Tammany Hall, the Democratic organization in New York City.
1949 - Journalism: Colonel Robert R. McCormick announces the purchase of the Washington Times-Herald by his paper, the Chicago Tribune.
1949 - United States: President Harry S. Truman signs a bill to enable urban renewal and slum clearance.

[edit] Births

[edit] 1300-1899

1304 - Francesco Petrarch, Italian poet (d. 1374)
1519 - Pope Innocent IX
1754 - Destutt de Tracy, philosopher
1797 - Sir Paweł Edmund Strzelecki, Polish explorer and geologist (d. 1873)
1838 - George Otto Trevelyan, British statesman and biographer (d. 1928)
1838- Augustin Daly, American playwright (d. 1899)
1847 - Max Liebermann, painter and graphic artist (d. 1935)
1849 - Robert Anderson Van Wyck, Mayor of New York City (d. 1918)
1865 - Carlos Avril, French actor (d. 1940)
1868 - Miron Cristea, First patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church (d. 1939)
1870 - Charles McHugh, American actor (d. 1931)
1870 - Gerard Wolst Trenité, Dutch writer
1873 - Alberto Santos-Dumont, Brazilian aviator (d. 1932)
1877 - William Colman, American actor (d. 1930)
1881 - Clyde Benson, American actor (d. 1947)
1881 - Hugh Sothern, American actor (d. 1947)
1884 - Hellwig F. Rimmen, Danish actor
1889 - Erich Pommer, German actor (d. 1966)
1889 - Ruth Weijden (d. 1956)
1889 - John Reith, BBC director-general
1890 - Theda Bara (Theodosia Burr Goodman), American actress (d. 1955)
1890 - Gonzalo Roig, Cuban composer (d. 1970)
1890 - Richard Billinger, Austrian writer (d. 1965)
1890 - Freeman H. Owens, American cinematographer
1890 - King George II of Greece (d. 1947)
1891 - Ralph Faukner, American actor and fight choreographer for films (d. 1987)
1894 - Errett Cord, automobile entrepreneur
1895 - László Moholy-Nagy, painter, photographer, sculptor (d. 1946)
1897 - Clifford Braughton, American actor (d. 1979)
1898 - Stepan Kayukov, Russian actor (d. 1960)
1899 - Melville De Lay, American actor (d. 1947)

[edit] 1900-1909

1900 - Maurice Gilliams, Belgian writer (d. 1979)
1901 - Heinie Manush, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1971)
1901 - Sergei Blinnikov, Russian actor (d. 1969)
1902 - Jimmy Kennedy, Irish composer (d. 1984)
1903 - Maria Paudle, German actress (d. 1990)
1905 - Pascual Pelliciota, Argentine actor (d. 1985)
1907 - Leon Pietraskiewicz, Polish actor (d. 1987)
1909 - Clint Sharp, American stuntman in films (d. 1989)

[edit] 1910-1919

1910 - Louise Rousseau, American screenwriter (d. 1981)
1910 - Henri Calef, Belgian filmmaker (d. 1994)
1910 - Muriel Evans, American actress (d. 2000)
1911 - Mirelle Balin, French actress (d. 1968)
1912 - Tom McDermott, American actor (d. 1996)
1913 - Elmer Lahti, Finnish actor
1913 - Irma Cordoba, Argentine actress
1914 - Masa Niemi, Finnish actor (d. 1960)
1916 - Claude Vernier, French actor (d. 1996)
1917 - Paul Hubschmid, German actor (d. 2001)
1918 - Cindy Walker, American country music singer
1919 - Sir Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountain climber
1919 - Ernie Wilkins, American jazz musician (d. 1999)
1919 - Benson Ford, son of industrialist Henry Ford (d. 1978)
1919 - Paolo Levi, Italian writer (d. 1989)
1919 - K. T. Stevens, American actress (d. 1994)

[edit] 1920-1929

1920 - Tommy Prothro, American football coach
1920 - Elliot Richardson, American politician (d. 1999)
1920 - Dick Lucas, American animator (d. 1997)
1921 - Hall Daniels, American composer (d. 1984)
1921 - Takanobu Hozumi, Japanese actor
1923 - Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist and journalist (d.2005)
1924 - Tor Isedal, Swedish actor (d. 1990)
1924 - Mort Garson, Canadian composer
1924 - Tatyana Lioznova, Soviet director
1924 - Thomas Berger, American novelist
1924 - Bob Nichols, American actor
1925 - Jacques Delors, former President of the European Commission
1926 - Lola Albright, American actress (Peter Gunn)
1926 - Ilija Ivezic, Yugoslav actor
1926 - Patricia Cutts, British actress (Coronation Street)(d. 1974)
1927 - Leon Sinden, British actor
1927 - Heather Chasen, British actress
1927 - Paul Marin, American actor
1928 - Terence Feely, British screenwriter
1928 - Pavel Kohout, Czech writer
1929 - Mike Ilitch, American businessman (Little Caesar's Pizza), sports executive, and philanthropist
1929 - Rajendra Kumar, Indian actor (d. 1999)
1929 - Zlatko Sudovic, Yugoslav director

[edit] 1930-1939

1930 - Oleg Anofriyev, Russian actor
1930 - Sally Ann Howes, British actress
1930 - James Kenney, British actor (d. 1982)
1932 - Otto Schily, German politician
1932 - Ove Verner Hansen, Danish actor
1933 - Chuck Daly, American basketball coach
1933 - Nelson Doubleday, American book publisher and baseball executive
1933 - Cormac McCarthy, American author
1933 - Rex Williams, English snooker player
1934 - Uwe Johnson, German writer
1934 - Adriano Reys, Brazilian actor
1934 - Aliki Vougiouklaki, Greek actress
1935 - Henson Cargill, American country music singer
1935 - Sleepy LaBeef, American country music singer
1935 - Raleigh Bond, American actor (d. 1989)
1936 - Barbara Mikulski, U.S. Senator from Maryland
1936 - Ken Johnson, American sound editor in motion pictures
1936 - Christian Rode, German actor
1936 - Andrzej Kondratiuk, Polish filmmaker
1937 - Ken Ogata, Japanese actor
1938 - Natalie Wood, American actress: (Rebel Without a Cause, West Side Story (d. 1981)
1938 - Dame Diana Rigg, British actress
1938 - Timothy Scott, American actor (d. 1995)
1939 - Judy Chicago, American feminist artist

[edit] 1940-1949

1940 - Tony Oliva, Cuban-born American baseball player
1940 - David Tukhmanov, Russian composer
1941 - Kurt Raab, German actor (d. 1988)
1941 - Lyudmila Chursina, Russian actress
1941 - Koji Ishizaka, Japanese actor
1942 - Pete Hamilton, American race car driver
1942 - Yves Mourousi, French television news anchor (d. 1998)
1943 - Wendy Richard, British television actress (Are You Being Served?, EastEnders)
1943 - John Lodge, American singer (The Moody Blues)
1943 - Ernie Gehr, American film director
1943 - Chris Murney, American actor
1943 - Chris Aman, New Zealand race car driver
1944 - T. G. Sheppard, American country music singer
1945 - Kim Carnes, American singer and songwriter ("Bette Davis Eyes")
1945 - Harrison Ellenshaw, American special effects artist in motion pictures
1945 - Larry Craig, U.S. Senator from Idaho
1946 - Randall Kleiser, American film director (Grease)
1946 - Peter Simons, Belgian director
1947 - Carlos Santana, Mexican guitarist
1947 - Judi Connelli, Australian opera singer
1948 - Niki Harris, American dancer
1948 - Muse Watson, American actor