Joseph Ma Yinglin
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Joseph Ma Yinglin is the Bishop of the Catholic diocese of Kunming, China. He was consecrated a bishop on 30 April 2006, at age 40. The Roman Catholic diocese of Kunming had been vacant for 11 years.
The ordination of Msgr. Ma went ahead without the approval of the Vatican. For some years, there had been an informal arrangement that new bishops for Chinese Catholic dioceses would seek approval from the Pope prior to ordination. The candidacy of Fr. Ma had not been approved by the time of his ordination, apparently mainly because of him being the secretary of the official Church's Council of Catholic Bishops (a sort of episcopal conference, but not recognized by the Vatican) and held various offices in the Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association, a division of the Religious Affairs Bureau of the Chinese government and the organism that controls the Church, and whose statutes include the goal of creating a national Church detached from the Holy See.
His ordination could, in the opinion of the highest ranking Chinese Catholic dignitary, Joseph Cardinal Zen Zi-kiun of Hong Kong, damage Church-State relations. Cardinal Zen had in a warning issued the day prior to the ordination stated that "to conduct the ordination without the Holy See's approval is to sabotage intentionally Sino-Vatican relations."
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