John Dowland

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

John Dowland (1563 – February 20, 1626) was an English, possibly Irish-born composer, singer, and lutenist. He is best known today for his melancholy songs such as "Come, heavy sleep" (the basis for Benjamin Britten's Nocturnal), "Come again", "Flow my tears", and "I saw my Lady weepe"but his instrumental music has undergone a major revival as a source for classical guitar repertoire during the twentieth century.

1 Life
2 In popular culture
3 Notes
4 Bibliography
5 External links

[edit] Life

Very little is known of Dowland's early life, but it is generally thought he was born in London or possibly Dublin. It is known that he went to Paris in 1580 where he was in service to the ambassador to the French court. He became a Roman Catholic at this time, which he claimed led to his not being offered a post at Elizabeth I's Protestant court. (However, he had told nobody of his conversion.) He worked instead for many years at the court of Christian IV of Denmark. He returned to England in 1606 and in 1612 secured a post as one of James I's lutenists. He died in London.

Most of Dowland's music is for his own instrument, the lute. It includes several books of solo lute works, lute songs (for one voice and lute), part-songs with lute accompaniment, and several pieces for viol consort with lute. The poet Richard Barnfield wrote that Dowland's "heavenly touch upon the lute doth ravish human sense."

One of his better known works is the lute song "Flow My Tears", the first verse of which runs:

Flow, my teares, fall from youre springs,

Exiled for ever, let mee mourn

Where night's black bird hir sad infamy sings,

There let mee live forlorn.

He later wrote what is probably his best known instrumental work, Lachrimae or Seaven Teares Figured in Seaven Passionate Pavans, a set of seven for five viols and lute, each based on "Flow My Tears." It became one of the best known pieces of consort music in his own time. His pavane "Lachrymae antiquae" was also one of the big hits of the seventeenth century.

Dowland's music often displays the melancholia that was so fashionable in music at that time. He wrote a consort piece with the punning title Semper Dowland, semper dolens (always Dowland, always doleful), which may be said to sum up much of his work.

Dowland's song, Come Heavy Sleepe, the Image of True Death, was the inspiration for Benjamin Britten's Nocturnal after John Dowland for guitar, written in 1964 for the guitarist Julian Bream. This work consists of eight variations, all based on musical themes drawn from the song or its lute accompaniment, finally resolving into a guitar setting of the song itself.

[edit] In popular culture

The science fiction author Philip K. Dick was a big fan of Dowland's and his lute music is a recurring theme in Dick's fiction. Dick sometimes assumed the pen-name Jack Dowland. Dick also based the title of the novel Flow My Tears, The Policeman Said on Dowland's best-known composition. In his novels, Dick theorized that in a future America Dowland songs would be covered by a pop singer named Linda Fox (a thinly disguised stand-in for Linda Ronstadt).

Elvis Costello has sung Dowland songs with the saxophonist John Harle.

In October 2006, Sting, who has been described as a fan of Dowland's ^[1], released an album featuring Dowland's songs titled "Songs from the Labyrinth", on Deutsche Grammophon, shouldered by Edin Karamazov on the lute and archlute.

The band Die verbannten Kinder Evas ("The Banished Children of Eve") have released a few albums (especially their new album As Dusk And Void Became Alive coming out in November 2006) featuring some of the lyrics of John Dowland.

[edit] Notes

^ Gift of a lute makes Sting party like it's 1599, June 6, 2006, The Guardian

The science fiction author Philip K. Dick was a big fan of Dowland's and his lute music is a recurring theme in Dick's fiction. Dick sometimes assumed the pen-name Jack Dowland. Dick also based the title of the novel Flow My Tears, The Policeman Said on Dowland's best-known composition. In his novels, Dick theorized that in a future America Dowland songs would be covered by a pop singer named Linda Fox (a thinly disguised stand-in for Linda Ronstadt).

Elvis Costello has sung Dowland songs with the saxophonist John Harle.

In October 2006, Sting, who has been described as a fan of Dowland's [1], released an album featuring Dowland's songs titled "Songs from the Labyrinth", on Deutsche Grammophon, shouldered by Edin Karamazov on the lute and archlute.

The band Die verbannten Kinder Evas ("The Banished Children of Eve") have released a few albums (especially on their album Come Heavy Sleep) featuring some of the lyrics of John Dowland.

[edit] Bibliography

A History of the Lute from Antiquity to the Renaissance by Douglas Alton Smith, published by the Lute Society of America (2002). ISBN 0-9714071-0-X
The Lute in Britain: A History of the Instrument and its Music by Matthew Spring, published by Oxford University Press (2001).