Jinzhou
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For the city in Hebei provonce, see Jinzhou, Hebei.
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| Administration Type | Prefecture-level city |
| Area | 1,030 km² |
| Coastline | 97.7 kilometer |
| Population | 3,000,000 (2001) |
| Mayor | Liu Zhiqiang (刘志强) |
Jinzhou (Simplified Chinese: 锦州; Traditional Chinese: 錦州; pinyin: Jǐnzhōu), is a prefecture-level city of Liaoning province, China. It is a geographically strategic city in the "Liaoxi Corridor" (辽西走廊), which connects the land transportation between North China and Northeast China. Jinzhou is China's Northmost seaport and the coastal economic centre of West Liaoning on the northern shore of Bohai Sea. Jinzhou's jurisdiction is 10,301 km², 440 km² is rural. Its coastline is 97.7 km. Population: 3,000,000 - 770,000 of which are urban.
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[edit] Administration
Jinzhou has ten immediate sub-municipal divisions:
- Guta District (古塔区)
- Taihe District (太和区)
- Linghe District (凌河区)
- Linghai County (凌海市)
- Beining County (北宁市)
- Yi County (义县)
- Heishan County (黑山县)
- Jinzhou Economic and Technical Development Zone (锦州经济技术开发区)
The above eight are subdivided into 43 towns (镇), 69 rural towns (乡), and 1680 villages.
[edit] History
Jinzhou is an ancient city with a more-than-a-thousand-year history. Originally known as Tuhe (徒河), it became part of the Yan(燕)in the Warring States period(战国时代); the Qin(秦) unified six states and the majority of what is now Jinzhou became part of Liaodong township. It was part of Changli township in Youzhou in the Han Dynasty(汉) and Three Kingdoms(三国) periods, but fell under the jurisdiction of Yingzhou during the Beiwei, Dongwei and Beiqi periods, before becoming part of Liucheng township and then Yan township during the Sui (隋)and Tang(唐) eras. During the Tang dynasty, it became the seat of the Andong township government. The name 'Jinzhou' began to be used in the Liao dynasty(辽), when it belonged to Zhongjing prefecture. In the Jin dynasty(金), it belonged to Dongjing township and Beijing township. It belonged to Liaoyang Xingzhongshu ministry in the Yuan dynasty(元) and to Liaodong township in the Ming dynasty(明), and was ruled by Tianfuduring the Qing dynasty(清), when its name was changed from Jinzhou to Jinxian. During the Republican period, Jinzhou fell under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province. After the establishment of the "New China", Liaoxi Province was founded and Jinzhou became the provincial capital. Jinzhou then came back under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province in 1954, when Liaoxi and Liaodong provinces merged.
[edit] Geography
Jinzhou is located in a mid-latitude temperate zone with a monsoon climate, which experiences a relatively large variation in temperature over the course of a year. The annual average temperature is around 8 or 9 ° C and the annual average rainfall is between 540 and 640 mm. It experiences four distinct seasons, each with their own characteristics; its monsoon climate is pronounced and exhibits strong continentality. The geographic and natural climatic conditions of Jinzhou are conducive to the development of such industries as agriculture, forestry, livestock and marine produce.
[edit] Economy
Jinzhou has a wide range of industries. Major traditional industries include petrochemistry, metallurgy, textile, pharmacy and building materials etc.
Jinzhou Economic and Technical Development Zone : Jinzhou Economic and Technical Development Zone was set up in 1992. It is among the first province-level development zones approved by Liaoning Province. The development zone enjoys convenient transportation with easy acces to Jinzhou Seaport, Jinzhou airport and several state highways.
[edit] Major Tourist Sites
"Mt Yiwulvshan" (闾山): Mt. Yiwulvshan is located in the west of Beilin County of Jinzhou. It is one of the 3 famous mountains in Northeast China. Wanghai Mountain is the main peak, with a height of 867 meters above the sea level. Main tourist spots are Beizhen Temple, Shenshui Bridge, Fish Pool, Guanyin Pavilion, Sijiao Pavilion, Kuangguang Pavilion, Lotus Stone, Cloud Pass, Wanghai Temple, ect.
Bijia mountain (笔架山)is an interesting island in the Bohai Sea south of Jinzhou's coastline. During most time of the day, Mt. Bijiashan can only be accessed by boat. But when the sea recedes, a natural zigzagging cobblestone bridge will emerge from the Bohai Sea and connect Mt. Bijiashan to the mainland. People can walk to Mt. Bijianshan from the seafront on foot. Local people named this natural wonder "Tian Qiao", which means sky bridge. On the top of Mt. Bijiashan, there is a tall stone pavilion. It looks like a gigantic pen resting on a pen holder. Hence the name "Bijianshan", meaning the "Pen Holder Mountain".
"Guangji Pagoda" (广济寺塔 ): The Guangji Pagoda is located in the southeast corner of the city. The 72 metre tower is a beautiful Liao style architecture, with thirteen levels in an octagonal shape. A quiet temple beneath completes the ancient Chinese setting.
[edit] Colleges and Universities
- Liaoning Institute of Technology 辽宁工学院 [1]
- Bohai University 渤海大学 [2]
- Jinzhou Medical University 锦州医学院 [3]
[edit] External links
- Jinzhou Municipal Government 锦州人民政府
Prefecture-level divisions of Liaoning
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| List of Liaoning County-level divisions |
