Jagiellonian University
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Jagiellonian University | |
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Data | |
Motto | Plus ratio quam vis (Reason means more than power) |
Polish | Uniwersytet Jagielloński |
Latin | Universitas Jagellonica Cracoviensis |
Established | 1364 |
Location | Kraków, Poland (EU) |
Enrollment | 41 086 (November 30, 2004) |
Rector | Professor Karol Musioł |
Address | Collegium Novum, ul. Gołębia 24 31-007 Kraków Poland |
Phone | (+48 12) 422-10-33 |
rektor@adm.uj.edu.pl | |
Homepage | www.uj.edu.pl |
Membership | EUA, Coimbra Group, Europaeum |
Map | |
Kraków in Poland |
Jagiellonian University (Polish: Uniwersytet Jagielloński, often shortened to UJ) located in Krakow, Poland, and is ranked by the Times Higher Education Supplement as the best Polish university.
It was founded in 1364 by Casimir III the Great as Akademia Krakowska and thus is also among the oldest universities in Europe and the world, the second oldest in Central Europe (after the University of Prague).
The university was for much of its history known as the Cracow Academy, but in the 19th century the university was renamed to commemorate the Jagiellonian dynasty of Polish kings.
Contents |
[edit] History
Casimir III realized that the nation needed a class of educated people, especially lawyers, who could codify the laws and administer the courts and offices in the reunified state. He was also aware that the parish network was growing and its 3,000 schools were short of teachers. His ardent efforts to found an institution of higher learning in Poland were rewarded in 1364, when Pope Urban V granted him permission to open the Cracow Academy. Its development was stalled by the death of the king, and later the university was re-established (1400) by King Wladislaus Jagiełło and his wife Jadwiga. The queen donated all of her personal jewelry to the university, allowing it to enrolled 203 students. By the end of the century, about 18,000 students, many of them foreign, 50% of burgher origin, had passed through its gates. The faculties of astronomy, law and theology attracted eminent scholars: for example, Stanisław of Skalbmierz, Paweł Włodkowic, Jan of Głogów, and Albert Brudzewski, who from 1491 to 1495 was one of Nicolaus Copernicus's teachers.
Throughout the history of the University, thousands of students from all over Poland, from Lithuania, Russia, Slovakia, Hungary, Bohemia, Germany and Spain have studied there. In the second half of the 15th century, over 40% of university students came from the countries other than the Kingdom of Poland. For several centuries, virtually the entire intellectual elite of Poland was educated at the University.
The first chancellor of the university was Piotr Wysz and the first professors were Czechs, Germans and Poles, many of them trained at the University of Prague in Bohemia. The university and the chancellors were partisans of the Council of Basel. Of the students attending about one third were Poles.
Jan Haller established a printing press in Krakow around 1500. By 1520 Greek philology was introduced by Constanzo Claretti, Wenzel von Hirschberg and Libanus; Hebrew was also taught.
Golden era of the University took place during the Polish Renaissance, between 1500 and 1535, when it was attended by 3215 students in the first decade of the 16th century - a record not surpassed until the late 18th century.
[edit] Alumni
Famous historical figures connected with the University:
- Jan Długosz (1415-1480), historian
- John of Kolno (1435–1484), explorer
- Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543), astronomer, founder of heliocentrism
- Francysk Skaryna (1485?-1540?), pioneer of the Belarusian language, the first to print a book in an Eastern Slavic language
- Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski (1503?-1572), poet, diplomat and political thinker
- Marcin Kromer (1512-1589), historian, a Prince-Bishop of Warmia
- Jan Kochanowski (1530-1584), poet, one of the pioneers of the Polish language
- Stanisław Koniecpolski (1590?-1646), military commander and politician, Grand Hetman of the Crown
- John III Sobieski (1629-1696), military leader and a king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, won the Battle of Vienna
- Carl Menger (1840-1921), economist and lawyer, founder of the Austrian School of economics
- Wacław Sierpiński (1882-1969), mathematician
- Henryk Sławik (1894-1944), diplomat, designated a Righteous Among the Nations for the rescue of Jews in World War II Hungary
- Tadeusz Pankiewicz (1908-1993), pharmacist, Righteous Among the Nations who aided Jews in the Kraków Ghetto
- Józef Cyrankiewicz (1911-1989), communist politician, prime minister of Poland (1947-1970)
- Antoni Kępiński (1918-1972), psychiatrist
- Pope John Paul II (Karol Wojtyła, 1920-2005), poet, writer, pope and Catholic bishop of Rome
- Zbigniew Czajkowski (b. 1921), fencing master, "Father of the Polish School" of fencing
- Stanisław Lem (1921-2006), writer
- Wisława Szymborska (b. 1923), poet, Nobel Prize in Literature (1996)
- Norman Davies (b. 1939), British historian
- Krzysztof Zanussi (b. 1939), film director
[edit] Famous professors
- Stanisław of Skarbimierz (1360-1431), rector, theologian, lawyer
- Paweł Włodkowic (1370-1435), lawyer, diplomat and politician, representative of Poland on the Council of Constance
- Albert Brudzewski (1445-1497), astronomer and mathematician
- Maciej Miechowita (1457-1523), historian, chronicler, geographer, medic
- Jan Brożek (1585-1652), mathematician, physician and astronomer
- Walery Jaworski (1849–1924), gastroenterologist.
- Tadeusz Sulimirski (1898-1983), historian and archaeologist, experts on the ancient Sarmatians
[edit] Enrollment
With 41,086 (2004) students and 3407 scientists it is one of the leading universities in Poland.
[edit] Library
The university's Jagiellonian Library (Biblioteka Jagiellońska) is one of the largest in the country, with almost 5.5 million volumes. It has a large collection of medieval manuscripts [1], for example Copernicus' De Revolutionibus or Balthasar Behem's Codex.
It also gathered the underground literature (so called drugi obieg or samizdat) from the period of communist rule (1945-1989).
[edit] Organization
The university is divided in 15 faculties:
- Law and Administration
- Medicine
- Pharmacy and Medical Analysis
- Health Care
- Philosophy
- History ([2])
- Philology
- Polish Language and Literature
- Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science
- Mathematics and Computer Science
- Chemistry
- Biology and Earth Sciences
- Management and Social Communication
- International and Political Studies
- Biotechnology
Since 2000 the university is building a new complex of university buildings, the so-called Third Campus.
[edit] External links
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