Jacobus Arminius

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Jacobus Arminius

Jacobus Arminius (aka Jacob Arminius, James Arminius, and his Dutch name Jacob Harmenszoon) (1560–1609) was a Dutch theologian and (from 1603) professor in theology at the University of Leiden. He wrote many books about theological problems.

[edit] Life

Arminius was born at Oudewater, Utrecht, on October 10, 1560. Arminius is a Latinized form of Herman, a common Dutch name. His father died while Jacobus was an infant, leaving his mother a widow with small children. A priest, Theodorus Aemilius, adopted Jacobus and sent him to school at Utrecht. His mother was slain during the Spanish massacre of Oudewater in 1575. About that year Arminius was sent to study theology at the University of Leiden by the kindness of friends (Rudophus Snellius).

Arminius remained at Leiden from 1576 to 1582. His teachers in theology included Lambertus Danaeus, Johannes Drusius, Guillaume Feuguereius, and Johann Kolmann. Kolmann believed and taught that high Calvinism made God both a tyrant and an executioner. Under the influence of these men, Arminius studied with success and had seeds planted that would begin to develop into a theology that would later compete with the dominant Reformed theology of John Calvin. Arminius began studying under Theodore Beza at Geneva in 1582. He was called to pastor at Amsterdam and was ordained in 1588. He was reputed to be a good preacher and faithful pastor. In 1590 he married Lijsbet Reael.

[edit] Theology

Part of a series on Arminianism

Jacobus Arminius
Background Protestantism Reformation Calvinist-Arminian Debate
People Jacobus Arminius Hugo Grotius The Remonstrants John Wesley
Doctrine Total depravity Prevenient grace Substitutionary atonement Unlimited atonement Conditional election Conditional preservation This box: view • talk • edit

Arminius is best known as the founder of the anti-Calvinistic school in Reformed Protestant theology, and thereby lent his name to a movement which resisted some of the tenets of Calvinism — Arminianism. The early Dutch followers of Arminius' teaching were also called the Remonstrants, after they issued a document containing five points of disagreement with classic Calvinism, entitled Remonstrantiœ (1610). In attempting to defend Calvinistic predestination against the onslaughts of Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert, it is contended that Arminius began to doubt and thus modified some parts of his view. However, in a much less severe way compared to John Calvin's difference on the issue of limited atonement from his Institutes of the Christian Religion to his later commentaries. He became a professor of theology at Leiden in 1603. Jacobus Arminius died in Leiden on October 19, 1609. The theology of Arminianism was not fully developed during Arminius' time, but was systematized after his death and formalized in the Five articles of the Remonstrants in 1610. The works of Arminius (in Latin) were published at Leiden in 1629, and at Frankfort in 1631 and 1635. After his death the Synod of Dordrecht (1618–1619) judged his theology and its adherents anathemas.

John Wesley, founder of the Methodist movement, embraced Arminian theology and became its most prominent champion. Today, Methodism remains committed to Arminian theology, and Arminianism itself has become one of the dominant theological systems in the United States.