Independence (elm cultivar)

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The American Elm U. americana cultivar Independence was raised by Eugene B. Smalley and Donald T. Lester at the University of Wisconsin as one of the six clones forming the American Liberty range. It has proven only moderately resistant to Dutch elm disease after inoculation with the causal fungus and is also susceptible to Elm Yellows.

[edit] References

• • Townsend, A. M., Bentz, S. E., and Douglass L. W. (2005). Evaluation of 19 American Elm Clones for Tolerance to Dutch Elm Disease. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, March 2005, Horticultural Research Institute, Washington, D.C.