User:HurricaneCraze32/Page Reformatting Section
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[edit] 1931 Season
 Season summary map |
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| First storm formed: | June 25, 1931 |
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| Last storm dissipated: | Nov. 25, 1931 |
| Strongest storm: | #5 - 110 knots (130 mph) |
| Total storms: | 9 |
| Major storms (Cat. 3+): | 1 |
| Total damage: | $7.5 million (1931 USD) |
| Total fatalities: | 2,502 |
| Atlantic hurricane seasons 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933 |
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The 1931 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1931, and lasted until November 30, 1931. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin.
The 1931 season was below average in terms of tropical cyclone formation. Nine tropical cyclones formed during the year, but only two reached hurricane status, and one reached major hurricane status. Eight of the nine storms made landfall this season.
[edit] Tropical Storm #1
Tropical Storm One was a weak storm that formed June 25. It peaked at 45 mph on the 26th. One made landfall in Texas and dissipated over land on the 28th.
[edit] Tropical Storm #2
Tropical Storm Two was a storm that formed on July 11 after a lull period since the first storm of the season. Two cruised around the Carribean Sea and peaked at 60 mph on July 14th. Two made landfall on 15th in Lousiana as a minimal storm. Two dissipated over Oklahoma on the 17th.
[edit] Tropical Storm #3
Tropical Storm Three was a storm that formed on August 10 near Trinidad. Three moved across the Carribean as a tropical storm and peaked at 60 mph from late on the 12th until early of the 15th. Three made its first landfall on August 16 at the Yucatan Penninsula. Three was able to save its strength and made landfall again in Mexico with 45 mph winds on the 18th. Three later dissipated later that day.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
| Image:HurricaneCraze32/Page Reformatting Section map.png Season summary map |
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| First storm formed: | May 31, 1997 |
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| Last storm dissipated: | October 15, 1997 |
| Strongest storm: | Erika - 946 mbar (27.93 inHg), 110 knots (125 mph) |
| Total storms: | 8 |
| Major storms (Cat. 3+): | 1 |
| Total damage: | $110 million (1997 USD) $130 million (2005 USD) |
| Total fatalities: | 11 |
| Atlantic hurricane seasons 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 |
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The 1997 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1997, and lasted until November 30, 1997. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin.
The 1997 season was a relatively inactive season for tropical weather, with only seven named storms (eight total) forming. El Niño is credited with reducing the number of storms in the Atlantic, while increasing the number of storms in the 1997 Pacific hurricane season and 1997 Pacific typhoon season. It was the first time since 1961 that there were no active tropical cyclones in the Atlantic basin during the entire month of August.
Hurricane Danny killed four people, and caused an estimated $100 million in damage when it made landfall near the mouth of the Mississippi River. Hurricane Erika, the strongest storm of the season, passed within 85 miles of the Lesser Antilles, far enough away to prevent hurricane conditions from reaching land.
[edit] Storms
[edit] Subtropical Storm One
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| Subtropical Storm One satellite image and storm track. | |
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A cluster of thunderstorms developed over Florida in late May. A shortwave trough brought it to the northeast, enhancing convection around a developing center of circulation. The low pressure area, which formed on May 31, developed into a subtropical depression on June 1. It reached subtropical storm strength 6 hours later as it moved rapidly parallel to the East Coast of the United States. The convection continued to wrap around the center, and despite unfavorable conditions from an approaching cold front, it reached a peak of 50 mph late on June 1 while off the coast of North Carolina. It turned to the east, and became extratropical late on June 2 while southeast of Massachusetts as it was merged by a cold front. Operationally, it was treated as a frontal low, but post-analysis suggested it remained separate throughout its lifetime, and was classified as an unnamed subtropical storm.
[edit] Tropical Storm Ana
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| Ana satellite image and storm track. | |
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A frontal low pressure system off the coast of South Carolina developed into Tropical Depression One on June 30. It moved slowly eastward, and attained tropical storm status on July 1. After peaking at 45 mph, a shortwave trough brought Ana to the northeast, where vertical shear caused the storm to lose what little convection it had. Ana weakened to a tropical depression on the 3rd, and became extratropical on the 4th over the western Atlantic Ocean. There were no damages reported and Ana never affected land.
[edit] Hurricane Bill
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| Bill satellite image and storm track. | |
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In early July, a large upper-level low developed from the mid-oceanic trough northeast of Puerto Rico. Convection increased over a low level trough, and as the upper level moved southwestward, upper level shear weakened greatly. This allowed for a center organize within the convection, and was classified a tropical depression near the Bahamas on July 11. Though it had a high pressure of 1013, the system was in an area of higher pressures, and reached tropical storm later on the 11th under favorable conditions. Embedded within the westerlies, Bill moved quickly to the northeast and reached hurricane status on the 12th over progressively cooler waters, defying forecasts of its demise. The cool waters weakened Bill to a tropical storm on the 13th, and it was absorbed by a front later that day. A tropical storm warning was issued for Bermuda, but Bill passed the island without incident.
[edit] Tropical Storm Claudette
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| Claudette satellite image and storm track. | |
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The frontal system that absorbed Hurricane Bill developed a non-tropical frontal low off the coast of South Carolina on July 11. It drifted eastward, and slowly acquired tropical characteristics. A low-level circulation developed, and the system became Tropical Depression Three on the 13th while 315 miles south-southeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Convection continued to organize around the center, and the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Claudette later on the 13th. After reaching a peak of 45 mph winds, the storm encountered southwesterly upper-level shear from an upper-level low. The storm struggled to maintain its intensity as it moved to the northeast. Easterly flow from an approaching frontal boundary turned Claudette to the east, where it weakened into a tropical depression on the 16th. The storm briefly re-strengthened into a tropical storm, but merged with the cold front later on the 16th. As a frontal low, the extratropical storm persisted until dissipating near the Azores islands on July 23. [1]
The storm caused severe rip currents in Connecticut, causing one serious injury. [2]
[edit] Hurricane Danny
- Main article: Hurricane Danny (1997)
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| Danny satellite image and storm track. | |
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A non-tropical cluster of thunderstorms organized into a tropical low over the northern Gulf of Mexico in mid July. On July 17, this low had strengthened into Tropical Storm Danny. Danny moved east-northeast, and reached hurricane strength just before landfall near Buras, Louisiana. Because of the narrowness of that piece of land, most of Danny remained over water and it lost little strength, and made landfall near Mullet Point, Alabama on the 19th. After stalling for a day, Danny moved northward and weakened to a tropical depression. The depression headed north across Alabama, then turned to the east and emerged over the Atlantic Ocean near the North Carolina/Virginia border on July 24. The depression immediately restrengthened into Tropical Storm Danny. Danny took a northward turn, and came within 25 n mi of Nantucket Island on July 26. It then turned out to sea and was absorbed by a front on the 27th. Hurricane Danny caused four direct deaths, and $100 million in estimated damages.
[edit] Hurricane Erika
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| Erika satellite image and storm track. | |
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- Main article: Hurricane Erika (1997)
On September 3, a tropical depression formed 1150 miles east of the Lesser Antilles. It strengthened into Tropical Storm Erika later that day, and was a hurricane by the 4th. Hurricane Erika travelled west-northwest, and came within 85 miles of the Lesser Antilles. Then on the 7th, Erika began a sharp turn to the north-northeast. After passing well east of Bermuda, Erika turned east and began weakening over cooler water. On September 15, Erika passed over the western Azores. It became extratropical the next day, and dissipated on the 20th off the coast of Ireland.
Two surfers drowned off the coast of Puerto Rico from strong waves and swells. [3] The outer bands of the storm produced moderate rainfall, totaling to 3.28 inches in the United States Virgin Islands and less than an inch in Puerto Rico. Northeast swells of up to 12 feet caused coastal flooding and beach erosion. Wind gusts peaking at 42 mph snapped tree branches and power lines, leaving 10,000 to 12,000 without power in Puerto Rico. [4] Damage totaled to $10 million (1997 USD, $11.8 million 2005 USD). [5]
[edit] Tropical Storm Fabian
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| Fabian satellite image and storm track. | |
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Fabian formed north of Puerto Rico on October 5. It moved northeast and became extratropical on October 8. No damage is directly associated with Fabian.
[edit] Tropical Storm Grace
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| Grace satellite image and storm track. | |
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An extratropical low formed just north of Hispaniola on October 15, and the next day gained enough tropical characteristics to be classified as a tropical storm. It moved east-northeast until it was absorbed by another system on the 17th. Tropical Storm Grace caused no reported damage.
[edit] 1997 storm names
The following names were used for named storms that formed in the north Atlantic in 1997. No names were retired, so it was used again in the 2003 season. This is the same list used for the 1991 season except for Bill, which replaced Bob. A storm was named Bill for the first time in 1997. Names that were not assigned are marked in gray.
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[edit] Retirement
- See also: List of retired Atlantic hurricanes
The World Meteorological Organization retired no names used in the 1997 season. It is the most recent season with no retired names.
