How Titus Pullo Brought Down the Republic (episode of Rome)
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| "How Titus Pullo Brought Down the Republic" | |
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| A funny thing happened on the way to the Forum | |
| Season | 1 (2005) |
| Episode | 2 (HBO; see BBC editing) |
| Air date(s) | September 4, 2005 (HBO) November 2nd & 9th, 2005 (BBC) (see BBC editing) |
| Writer(s) | Bruno Heller |
| Director | Michael Apted |
| Setting | Rome, Gaul, and Italia |
| Time frame | 50 BC – January 49 BC See also: Chronology of Rome |
| Link | HBO episode summary |
| Prev: The Stolen Eagle Next: An Owl in a Thornbush |
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"How Titus Pullo Brought Down the Republic" is the second episode of the first season of the television series Rome.
With growing political tensions at home, Caesar needs a voice within the Senate, and Mark Antony is not above accepting the gift of a bought office. Escorting the new "Tribune of the People" to Rome, Vorenus and Pullo return to their homes for the first time in years: Vorenus to his family, and Pullo to his vices. Atia rewards those who return her lost son to her. In the back rooms of Rome powerful men strike bargains to strip Caesar of his growing power, and in growing political tensions of Rome the actions of the basest of men will shake the foundations of the city.
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[edit] Plot summary
Lucius Vorenus, now a first spear centurion (centurio primi pili), and Titus Pullo return to Rome. After dropping off Gaius Octavian, Vorenus returns to his wife, whom he hasn't seen in eight years since he left for Gaul, and Pullo to prostitution and gambling. Pullo loses a lot of money gambling, when he discovers that he is being cheated by the other gamblers. He kills the cheater, but is injured in the fight that breaks out. He manages to drag himself to Vorenus's home, where he receives medical care.
Caesar's political enemies, led by Pompey, plan to pass a motion in the Senate that would set an ultimatum for Caesar to surrender his command, or be declared a public enemy. Pompey enlists the help of Cato the Younger, Metellus Scipio (Pompey's new father-in-law), and of the reluctant Cicero. Pompey wants the motion to pass by a large majority, so that Caesar would see that he is isolated and has no political supporters. On the other hand, Pompey also expects the motion to be vetoed by Caesar's ally Mark Antony, in which case the blame for any subsequent escalation would rest with Caesar. However, Mark Antony's veto is not recorded for procedural reasons. Pompey is taken by surprise, and arranges for the Senate session to be continued the next day, so that the tribune's veto can be recorded. He also gives orders that Mark Antony must not be harmed in any way.
Not knowing of Pompey's orders and feeling threatened because of his association with Caesar, Mark Antony calls on the soldiers from Caesar's 13th Legion (Legio XIII), including Vorenus and Pullo, for protection. With Vorenus and Pullo walking beside him, Mark Antony is on the way to the Roman Forum in order to properly record his veto in the Senate. Pullo is spotted and attacked by one of the gamblers who had been involved in the fight that broke out over Pullo being cheated. Mark Antony assumes that it is he who is being attacked, and fights a retreat out of Rome, in which Vorenus is wounded.
Antony, Pullo, and Vorenus return to Caesar's 13th Legion in Cisalpine Gaul (northern Italy). Upon hearing the news, Caesar marches his army south toward Rome, marking the beginning of the civil war. The episode ends with Caesar crossing the Rubicon – without uttering any memorable quotes – in January of 49 BC.
[edit] Memorable quotes
Atia of the Julii: I feel like Helen of Troy. (upon seeing the gathering of the negotiating senators in her home - Helen of Troy was the classical example of the most beautiful woman of her age, around whom "men of power" congregated.)
Mark Antony: Caesar has many more legions than the Thirteenth.
Scipio: On the far side of the Alps.
Mark Antony: Winter does not last forever. Spring comes. Snows melt.
Scipio: That's a threat!
Mark Antony: I assure you it is no threat. Snows always melt.
Caesar to Antony: You look just right as you are, like Leonidas at Thermopylae (said as he and a dishevelled, bloodied Antony - fresh from the attack in the Forum - go to address the Legion)
Titus Pullo: I'm going to drink all the wine, smoke all the smoke, and fuck every whore in the city!
Lucius Vorenus: Show some respect under the standard!
Titus Pullo: What about him?
(The General, Mark Antony, is copulating in full view of the troops with a local farm girl under a nearby tree.)
Lucius Vorenus: He...is not *under* the standard.
Glabius: A fig for Caesar!
Priest (ceremoniously, after hours of sacred ritual): By grace of Roma, for twelve moons hence, thou art Tribune of Plebs!
Mark Antony: Ahhh.... about time. I need a drink!
[edit] Historical/Cultural background
- Caesar's proconsulship in Gaul was about to expire, which would mean a loss of immunity against prosecution by his political enemies. He had faced the same situation five years prior, but at that time his command had been extended with the help of his allies Pompey Magnus and Marcus Crassus. This time, however, Pompey was against him, and Crassus had been killed in 53 BC. Caesar instead has to rely on Mark Antony for his political maneuvering: newly elected to the office of Tribune of the People (tribunus plebis).
- As part of his investiture as tribunus plebis, Antony sits a (very impatient) vigil in the temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus. Given that this was the God of Laws, Social Order, and Rome itself, it seems an appropriate God to appeal for favor to when one is becoming a high government official.
- This was the year that Caesar finally moved openly against Rome, crossing the Rubicon in January of 49 BC, at the head of the 13th Legion (Legio XIII Gemina). It is here he is said to have made the comment "alea iacta est" ("The die is cast"). This alleged quotation is left out of the series.
- After a rather bloody bit of surgery on Titus Pullo, the doctor recommends a sacrifice to Spes, Goddess of Hope.
- It should be noted that the surgery performed on Pullo was based on surviving descriptions of actual surgical techniques in implementation during that period, including the circular bone saw and the metal plate used to replace the section of Pullo's shattered skull. Pullo's demise from what essentially was open cranial surgery without the availability of antibiotics to prevent and/or control infections would not have been totally unexpected during that pre-sterilized era. Survivability would have been far more dependent upon the body's natural ability to heal itself without chemical assistance than it would in more modern times.
- Lucius Vorenus tells Niobe that his "official spoils" should clear "10,000 Denarii". It is extremely difficult to estimate the exact value of the Denarius, as it changed with the times (as do most currencies), and was part of an economy totally alien to us. However, the "classical rule of thumb" is that a Denarius was the daily wage of a skilled worker. This would mean that ~350 Denarii would be a "middle class" working wage. The Vorenus family certainly seems to be living at no more than a middle class standard of living. Lucius Vorenus has brought home approximately 25 years wages of someone living at their standard of living. In "North American" terms, this is roughly equivalent to a "blue collar worker" suddenly bringing home a lump sum of USD $1 million. It is no wonder that Niobe seems pleased.
- Regarding the monetary units frequently mentioned in the series, it helps to keep in mind that 1 Denarius (a silver coin) = 4 sesterces (a bronze coin). The gold piece mentioned occasionally was worth 25 Denarii.
[edit] Inaccuracies and errors
- Mark Antony is shown arriving in the Roman forum with armed bodyguards. In reality, it was a very strict law that no weapons were allowed within the pomerium (the "sacred border" of the city) except for the axes within the fasces of the lictors attending a Dictator (and there was no Dictator over Rome at this time).
- Caesar's main term for laying down his command of Gaul was to be allowed to stand for Consul (and reacquire magisterial immunity) without returning in person to Rome to campaign. It was assumed he would easily have been elected by the people, which is why the Senate prevented it.
- The name Octavian is incorrect, and should be Gaius Octavius instead. In Latin the suffix '-ianus' indicates the original family name after an adoption, as a result of which the adoptive son received the full name of the adoptive father. Accordingly, C. Octavius changed his name to C. Iulius Caesar Octavianus after being adopted and made sole heir in his grand uncle's will (44 BC). As a matter of fact, the future emperor did not like and never himself used the epithet Octavianus, which pointed at his not being born a patrician.
- Vorenus's rank is referred to as "First Spear Centurion". This is a common mistranslation of the Latin phrase centuriō prīmī pīlī, which is really "First Rank Centurion".
- Caesar crossed the Rubicon on January 10 of the official calendar, but it was hardly the dead of winter. So far away from the seasons had the official calendar drifted that it was actually mid-autumn. (Later, as Dictator, Caesar ordered a long year of about 15 months to realign the official months with the true seasons.) Thus, it was likely that the snows had not yet accumulated in the Alpine passes, permitting a much earlier passage of the Gallic legions into Italy. In fact, two of Caesar's Gallic legions were able to join him in Italy within two months.
- Several classical sources stress that the flight of Antony from Rome (along with his fellow tribune Quintus Cassius Longinus, the future conspirator's brother or cousin) was voluntary, because they feared violence. When Caesar exhibited Antony to his army, he emphasized the impious violation of the sacred inviolability of the tribunes, not necessarily their actual beatings.
[edit] Character notes
- Vorenus shows himself as a stoic, traditionalist, and haughty specimen of Roman citizen. He is himself a plebeian, although obviously coming from a family of some means and having received an unusually fine education. When he meets Crito, the boy Niobe named as Little Lucius' father and Vorena the elder's lover (and who WILL marry her to wash off the disgrace), someone who comes from a rather moneyed, if low caste family, he calls the boy "an ill-favored prole", as though the Voreni clan were of Patrician blood, and he belonged to the Optimate party.
[edit] Plot notes
- Vorenus' "official spoils" from the Gallic Wars have all been "invested" in slaves, presumably captive Gauls. It would seem likely that he has made some sort of "financial arrangement" with the slave dealers seen buying up the captive Gauls in The Stolen Eagle. Putting his fortune in slaves will have consequences later.
[edit] Episode characters
possibly incomplete
See also: Character appearances in Rome
[edit] Main cast
[edit] Guest stars
| Curial Magistrate played by John Boswell. |
Milo played by Leslie Csuth. |
Rubio played by Alessio Di Cesare. |
| Stilicho played by Sergio Di Pinto. |
Clarissa played by Anna Francolini. |
Courier played by Alessandro Inchiappa. |
| Otho played by Sean Madden. |
Newsreader played by Ian McNeice. |
Priest played by Maura Orefici. |
| Durio played by Matt Patresi. |
Slave Dealer played by Francesco Pini. |
Tarquin played by Alessandro Prete. |
| Vorena the Younger played by Anna Fausta Primiano. |
Glabius played by Roberto Purvis. |
Antony's Tribune played by Bart Ruspoli. |
| Ubian #1 played by Massimiliano Ubaldi. |
[edit] External links
- "How Titus Pullo Brought Down the Republic" at the Internet Movie Database
- Plot Summary at TV.com
- Plot Summary at HBO
- Trailer in RealPlayer format
- Trailer in QuickTime format
