HNoMS Eidsvold

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Career

Ordered:
Laid down:	1899
Launched:	June 14, 1900
Commissioned:	1901
Fate:	Sunk April 9, 1940 in Narvik Harbour, Norway
General characteristics
Displacement:	4,233 tons
Dimensions:	94.60 m (310.4 ft) x 15.70 m (51.5 ft) x 5.40 m (17.7 ft)
Armament:	2 x 21 cm (8.26 inch) guns 6 x 15 cm (5.90 inch) guns 6 x 7.6 cm (3 inch) guns Torpedo tubes
Aircraft:	none
Propulsion:	4,500 hp (3,355.65 KW), 17.2 knop ((31.8 km/h, 19.8 mph)
Crew:	270 fully crewed, reduced to 238 in 1940, just 183 aboard when sunk^[1]

HnoMS Eidsvold, or KNM Eidsvold in Norwegian, was a coastal battleship (also referred to as coastal defence ship) and the lead ship of her class, serving in the Royal Norwegian Navy. Built by Armstrong Whitworth in 1899, she was obsolete when sunk by German torpedoes in Narvik harbour on April 9, 1940.

1 Description
2 First and final battle
3 Notes
4 See also
5 External links

[edit] Description

The Norwegian King Haakon VII inspects HNoMS Eidsvold on November 28 1905

Eidsvold was built as part of the general rearmament in the time leading up to the events in 1905, and remained, along with her sister ship Norge, the backbone of the Norwegian Navy for just over 40 years. Considered to be quite powerful ships for their time, with two 21 cm (8.26 inch) guns as their main armament, they were soon outclassed by the new Dreadnought era battleships. They were armoured to withstand battle with ships of a similar class to their own, with 6 inches (15.24 cm) of Krupp cemented armour in the belt and 9 inches (22.86 cm) of the same armour on her two turrets. Eidsvold and Norge were the largest vessels in the Norwegian Navy at 4,233 tons gross and crews of up to 270 men.

It was intended to augment the Norwegian Panserskip fleet with the two ships of the Bjørgvin class, ordered in 1912, but after these were confiscated by the British Navy at the outbreak of World War I the Eidsvold class and the older, two ship strong, Tordenskjold class was forced to soldier on long after they were obsolete.

[edit] First and final battle

An Eidsvold class coastal defence battleship underway.

In the morning of April 9, 1940, German forces entered Narvik harbour under cover of fog and heavy snow. Despite the weather, they were spotted by Norwegian vessels, which promptly reported the sighting and alerted KNM Eidsvold and KNM Norge. Aboard both ships steps were taken to prepare for combat. The guns were loaded with live ammunition and life preservers issued to the crew. Around 04:15 in the morning, the Germans spotted KNM Eidsvold. Captain Odd Isachsen Willoch aboard Eidsvold immediately ordered to signal the leading German destroyer with an aldis lamp, and when the Germans failed to respond to the signal, he ordered a warning shot placed before their bow while he flew a two flag signal, ordering the destroyer to halt.

Since the Germans had orders to occupy Norway peacefully if at all possible, the German destroyer Wilhelm Heidkamp stopped, and signalled Eidsvold that it would send an officer to negotiate. From a distance of about 200 metres, a small launch ferried Korvettenkapitän Gerlach over to Eidsvold. Gerlach and a signalman were received on the aft deck of Eidsvold by the second in command, and were taken to the bridge to speak to captain Willoch. At the same time, the gun crew aboard Eidsvold kept the German destroyer in their sights, both the 21 cm guns and the 15 cm guns. Due to the short distance, the trajectory of the shells would have been flat, making it hard not to hit the thinly armoured vessel.

Models of the coastal defence battleships Tordenskiold and Eidsvold. Eidvold in the rear.

At the bridge, Gerlach tried to convince Willoch that the Germans had arrived as friends, and that Willoch should surrender his ship peacefully. Willoch countered by pointing out that he was bound by duty to resist, but did ask for a ten minutes break to consider the matter. However, instead of considering surrender, Willoch used this time to contact his superiors, as well as the captain of KNM Norge, informing them of his intent to attack the German forces. While this was going on, another German destroyer had crossed behind Eidsvold and took up a position 700 meters from the vessel, ready to fire her torpedoes.

Gerlach tried once again to convince Willoch to surrender, but was turned down a second time. As he left the deck of Eidsvold, he fired a red flare, indicating that the Norwegians wished to fight. At this point, Captain Willoch hurried towards the bridge, while shouting "På plass ved kanonene. Nå skal vi slåss, gutter!" ("Man the guns. We're gonna fight, boys!"). Eidsvold turned towards the closest destroyer and accelerated, while the battery commander ordered the port battery (three 15 cm guns) to open fire. However, the Germans - afraid Eidsvold might ram the destroyer - fired four torpedoes at the old battleship .

Two or three of the torpedoes hit before the port guns could fire, according to Norwegian sources: one under the rear turret, one midship and one in the bow. It is likely that the torpedoes ignited one of the magazines aboard, because Eidsvold was blown in two and sunk in seconds, propellers still turning. Only six of the crew were rescued, while 175 died in the freezing water.