Hankley Common

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Hankley Common is a common near Elstead, Surrey, England.

Hankley Common is an extensive area of heathland with sandy infertile soil. The dry areas are, for the most part, covered in common heather (Calluna vulgaris) and bell heather (Erica cinerea). There are patches of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum)

Hankley Common is a designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).[1]

Contents

[edit] Atlantic Wall reconstruction

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D-day training sites were created in Britain in order to practice for the the invasion of Northern France by allied forces in 1944, an operation popularly known as D-day, but more properly known as Operation Overlord.

In 1943, in an area of the common known as the Lion's Mouth, Canadian troops constructed a replica of a section of the Atlantic Wall. It is constructed from reinforced concrete and was used as a major training aid to develop and practise techniques to breach the defences of the French coast prior to the D-Day landings.[2]

The wall is about 100 m long, 3m high by 3.5m wide. It is divided into two sections between which there were originally huge steel gates. Nearby are other obstacles such as dragons teeth, huge reinforced concrete blocks and lengths of railway track set in concrete and wire entanglements. Much of the relics show clear signs of live weapons training and the main wall has two huge breaches caused by a device called Double Onion: a specialied demolition vehicle, one of Hobart's Funnies, based on the Churchill tank.[3]

The reinforced concrete was made with thick rebars varying from 10 to 20 mm thick.

Over the years the wall has become colonised by alkaline-loving lichens, mosses, ferns and other plants because the concrete provides the ime-based substrate that these species require and which are found nowhere else in the locality. They present an unusual range of plants to be found in an expanse of acid heathland. The preservation of the Wall is managed by Army Training Estates with the assistance of the MOD Hankley Conservation Group.

[edit] The Wigwam Girl

In 1942, Hankley common was the site of a murder. The victim was a woman who was living rough in a crude shelter made of tree branches, and so the newspapers gave her the nickname of "Wigwam Girl" (it was then a commonplace error to use the term wigwam to refer to what is more propely known as a teepee). She was eventually identified as Joan Pearl Wolfe.

On 7 October 1942, two soldiers noticed an arm protruding from a shallow grave. On inspection, the badly decomposed body of a fully-clothed woman was found. A pathologist concluded that the woman had been stabbed with a hooked-tipped knife, but that the cause of death was a heavy blunt instrument and that the attack had occurred elsewhere. A police search of the common turned up the dead woman's Identity Card and a letter to a Canadian soldier called August Sangret who had a North American Indian ethnic origin. The letter informed Sangret that she was pregnant. When the police interviewed Sangret, he admitted having intimate relations with the girl and living with her in a tree wigwam. A heavy birch branch, with blood stains, was found near the grave and blood stains were found on Sangret's recently washed battledress. Later, a hooked-tip knife was found blocking a waste pipe.[4][5]

Sangret was charged with Wolfe's murder, he was tried and convicted in February 1943. Despite a jury recommendation of mercy, Sangret was hanged at Wandsworth Prison on 29 April 1943.

[edit] Golf course

Hankley common is home to one of the Britain's most popular golf courses.[6][7]

[edit] Film and television

Hankley common has been uncommonly popular with time travellers, it featured in an episode of Doctor Who and in the time travelling episode of Blackadder.[8][9] It was also used in the James Bond film The World Is Not Enough.[citation needed]

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Thursley, Hankley and Frensham Commons. Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  2. ^ Image of Hankley common dedication plaque.
  3. ^ http://www.shepheard.plus.com/atlanticwall/ A Sea Wall In Surrey?.
  4. ^ The Wigwam Case. British Military & Criminal History in the period 1900 to 1999. Retrieved on 2006-10-28.
  5. ^ Tony West. Actual Case Histories from the Black Museum. Retrieved on 2006-10-28.
  6. ^ Hankley common, England. Top 100 Gold Courses of the World. Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  7. ^ Hankley common Golf Club. Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  8. ^ Hankley Common. Doctor Who Locations. Retrieved on 2006-10-28.
  9. ^ Blackadder filming on Hankley Common. Blackadder Hall. Retrieved on 2006-10-28.

[edit] References

[edit] Further reading

  • William Foot - The Battlefields That Nearly Were. Defended England 1940 (Stroud:Tempus Publishing 2006) ISBN 0-7542-3849-2

[edit] External links

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