Hangul consonant and vowel tables
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The following are tables on the jamo of Hangul consonants and vowels, with the original forms in blue at the first row, and their derivatives (in form and having additional sounds) in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals. Jamo are romanized according to the Revised Romanization's transliteration rules. Thus, the table should not be used for normal transcription of Korean language, as sound changes must be observed.
Contents |
[edit] Initials
| ㄱ | ㄴ | ㄷ | ㄹ | ㅁ | ㅂ | ㅅ | ㅇ | ㅈ | ㅊ | ㅋ | ㅌ | ㅍ | ㅎ |
| g | n | d | l | m | b | s | - | j | ch | k | t | p | h |
| ㄲ | ㄸ | ㅃ | ㅆ | ㅉ | |||||||||
| kk | tt | pp | ss | jj |
[edit] Vowels
| Basic | +i | |||||||||||
| 기본 | ㅏ | ㅓ | ㅗ | ㅜ | ㅡ | ㅣ | ㅐ | ㅔ | ㅚ | ㅟ | ㅢ | |
| a | eo | o | u | eu | i | ae | e | oe | wi | ui | ||
| y+ | ㅑ | ㅕ | ㅛ | ㅠ | ㅒ | ㅖ | ||||||
| ya | yeo | yo | yu | yae | ye | |||||||
| w+ | ㅘ | ㅝ | ㅙ | ㅞ | ||||||||
| wa | wo | wae | we | |||||||||
[edit] Finals
| ㄱ | ㄴ | ㄷ | ㄹ | ㅁ | ㅂ | ㅅ | ㅇ | ㅈ | ㅊ | ㅋ | ㅌ | ㅍ | ㅎ |
| g | n | d | l | m | b | s | ng | j | ch | k | t | p | h |
| ㄲ | ㄵ | ㄺ | ㅄ | ㅆ | |||||||||
| kk | nj | lg | bs | ss | |||||||||
| ㄳ | ㄶ | ㄻ | |||||||||||
| gs | nh | lm | |||||||||||
| ㄼ | |||||||||||||
| lb | |||||||||||||
| ㄽ | |||||||||||||
| ls | |||||||||||||
| ㄾ | |||||||||||||
| lt | |||||||||||||
| ㄿ | |||||||||||||
| lp | |||||||||||||
| ㅀ | |||||||||||||
| lh |
[edit] Alphabetization
Several sequences are in use. Sequences of the first type are common in South Korea, differing on the treatment of geminate consonants in syllable-initial (choseong) and -final (jongseong) position; the second sequence is official in North Korea.
South Korea:
- Consonant letters: ㄱ (ㄲ) ㄴ ㄷ (ㄸ) ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ (ㅃ) ㅅ (ㅆ) ㅇ ㅈ (ㅉ) ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
- Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅜ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅜ ㅢ ㅣ
North Korea:
- Consonant letters: ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ‑ᆼ (= final) ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ᄋ‑ (= initial)
- Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅙ ㅞ
[edit] Consonant letters' names
Variants are given in brackets.
- South Korea:
- ㄱ 기역 (기억)
- ㄲ 쌍 기역 (쌍 기억)
- ㄴ 니은
- ㄷ 디귿
- ㄸ 쌍 디귿
- ㄹ 리을
- ㅁ 미음
- ㅂ 비읍
- ㅃ 쌍 비읍
- ㅅ 시옷
- ㅆ 쌍 시옷
- ㅇ 이응
- ㅈ 지읒
- ㅉ 쌍 지읒
- ㅊ 치읓
- ㅋ 키읔
- ㅌ 티읕
- ㅍ 피읖
- ㅎ 히읗
- North Korea:
- ㄱ 기윽
- ㄴ 니은
- ㄷ 디읃
- ㄹ 리을
- ㅁ 미음
- ㅂ 비읍
- ㅅ 시읏
- ㅈ 즈?
- ㅊ 츠
- ㅋ 크
- ㅌ 트
- ㅍ 프
- ㅎ 흐
- ㄲ 된 기윽 (쌍 기윽)
- ㄸ 된 디읃 (쌍 디읃)
- ㅃ 된 비읍 (쌍 비읍)
- ㅆ 된 시읏 (쌍 시읏)
- ㅉ 된 지읒? (쌍 지읒)
- Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel, judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "[ㄱ]는", which may have been pronounced /그는/.
- Obsolete variants:
- ㅁ: 미옴
- ㅂ: 비옵
- ㅈ: 쟛
- ㅇ: 이흥, 이횡, 이행 (in which 행 should have ᆡ [arae a, i] instead of ㅐ), 이
