Handley Page Aircraft Company
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The Handley Page Aircraft Company was founded by Frederick Handley Page in 1909 as the United Kingdom's first publicly traded aircraft manufacturing company. It filed for bankruptcy and ceased to exist in 1970. The company, based at Radlett Aerodrome in Hertfordshire, was noted for producing heavy bombers and large airliners.
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[edit] Early history
| Site of Cricklewood Factory | |
|---|---|
| OS Grid Reference: | TQ240862 |
Frederick (later Sir Frederick) Handley Page first experimented with and built several biplanes and monoplanes at premises in Woolwich, Fambridge and Barking Creek. His company, Handley Page Ltd, became the first public company to build aircraft when it was founded on 17th June 1909.
In 1912 Handley Page Ltd. established an aircraft factory at Cricklewood after moving from Barking. Aircraft were built there and flown from the company's adjacent air field.
[edit] World War I
During the First World War Handley Page produced a series of bombers for the Royal Navy to bomb the German Zeppelin yards, with the ultimate intent of bombing Berlin in revenge for the Zeppelin attacks on London. These aircraft included the O/100, the O/400 and the four engined V/1500 with the range to reach Berlin. The V/1500 only just reached operational service as the war ended in 1918.
In the immediate post-war years, Handley Page modified a number of O/400's to passenger use, which they flew on the London-Paris route as Handley Page Transport. The V/1500 was considered too large to be practical at the time, but a number of design features of the V/1500 were later incorporated into a O/400 airframe to produce their first dedicated passenger design, the W.8. In 1924 Handley Page Transport merged with two other regional airlines to create Imperial Airways, the UK's first national airline service. Handley Page developed several large biplane airliners, including the 12 luxurious Handley Page H.P.42, for use on Imperial routes to Africa and India.
Handley Page also paid for the development of what soon became known as the Handley Page Slat (or slot), a small channel cut into the leading edge of the wing to improve airflow at high angles of attack. The design was so successful that licensing fees to other companies was their main source of income in the early 1920s.
In 1929 the airfield at Cricklewood was closed and a new one built at Radlett where most aircraft were now to be constructed however the construction of aircraft at Cricklewood continued until 1964 when the premises were sold to become the Cricklewood trading estate.
[edit] World War II
With the spectre of the Second World War looming, Handley Page turned back to bomber design, and produced the Hampden, which took part in the first British raid on Berlin. In response to government request for heavier, longer ranged aircraft Handley Page produced the Halifax which after the Lancaster was the most prolific British heavy bomber, and considered by some to be to a superior aircraft.
After the war the British government sought tenders for jet bombers to carry Britain's atomic bomb. The three types produced were known as the V-Bombers, and Handley Page's contribution was the Victor, a four engined crescent winged design. This aircraft remained in service (as a tanker aircraft) well beyond the demise of the company which created it.
In 1947 Handley Page bought some of the assets of the bankrupt Miles Aircraft company. These assets include existing designs, tools and jigs, and the Miles Reading site at Woodley. The most significant of the inherited designs was the Herald airliner.
One of the final notable Handley Page designs was the Jetstream, this was a small commuter turboprop aircraft, with a pressurised cabin and a passenger capacity of 12 to 18. It was designed primarily for the United States feederliner market. Although Handley Page was wound up as a company, the Jetstream lived on as a successful product, being produced at the old Scottish Aviation factory at Prestwick, first by Scottish Aviation, then by British Aerospace.
[edit] Radlett Aerodrome
| Site of Radlett Aerodrome | |
|---|---|
| OS Grid Reference: | TL155038 |
Opened in 1929 as a grass aerodrome for Handley Page Civil Aircraft, the runway was extended in 1939 to enable production of Halifax bombers. Most of the towers, hangars and runways were demolished in the 1970s after the Company went bankrupt. The M25 Motorway now stands on the south of the site, with Lafarge Aggregates now owning the remainder.
[edit] Note on Handley Page Type Designations
Handley Page originally used a letter progression to designate types i.e. R, S, T, U, V, W etc, with a number (that may or may not have been meaningful to designate sub-types, e.g. the O/100 indicated the type's 100 foot wingspan). In 1924, Handley Page moved from the letter/number (or letter.number), to the H.P.number type designation. Thus the W/400 is also known as the H.P.16, and the W.8 is also known as the H.P.18. The H.P.R.number indicates that the design originated in the Reading design office.
[edit] Aircraft Designs (chronologically)
- O/100
- O/400
- V/1500
- W8
- W9
- W10
- Handley Page H.P.42/H.P.45
- Handley Page Heyford
- Hampden
- Halifax
- Hastings
- Hermes
- H.P.R.1 Marathon
- Herald
- Dart Herald
- Victor
[edit] Designation Series
- Handley Page Type A HP.1 - monoplane 1910
- Handley Page Type B HP.2 - biplane
- Handley Page Type D HP.4 - monoplane 1911
- Handley Page Type E HP.5- monoplane
- Handley Page Type F Hp.6 - monoplane
- Handley Page Type G HP.7 - biplane
- Handley Page Type L HP.8
| Name | Designation |
|---|---|
| Type 'O' | O/100 - O/400 - R/200 - V/1500 |
| O/400 Transport Variant | O/7 - O/10 - O/11 - W/400 - H.P.16 |
| Hyderbad/Hamilton/Hampstead | W8 - W9 - W10 - H.P.18 - H.P.26 - H.P.27 - H.P.30 |
| H.P.19 - H.P.21 - H.P.22 - H.P.28 | |
| Harrow | H.P.31 |
| H.P.32 - H.P.33 - H.P.34 - H.P.35 - H.P.36 | |
| Heyford | H.P.38 - H.P.50 |
| Gugnunc | H.P.39 |
| Heracles/Hannibal | H.P.42 - H.P.45 |
| Harrow | H.P.43 - H.P.51 - H.P.54 |
| H.P.46 - H.P.47 | |
| Hampden/Hereford | H.P.52 - H.P.53 |
| Halifax | H.P.56 - H.P.57 - H.P.59 - H.P.61 - H.P.63- H.P.70 - H.P.71 |
| Hastings/Hermes | H.P.67 - H.P.68 - H.P.74 - H.P.81 - H.P.82 |
| Manx | H.P.75 |
| Victor | H.P.80 |
| H.P.88 - H.P.115 | |
| OR. 330 Reconnaissance bomber | Handley Page HP.100 |
| Jetstream | H.P.137 |
| Marathon | H.P.R.1 |
| H.P.R.2 | |
| Herald | H.P.R.3 - H.P.R.4 - H.P.R.7 |
[edit] External links
- British Aricraft Directory entry
- short history of the company written for the Centennial of Flight
- An enthusiast web site dedicated to the company
