Haldane effect
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The Haldane effect is a property of hemoglobin first described by the British physician John Scott Haldane. The Haldane effect promotes dissociation of carbon dioxide from hemoglobin in the presence of oxygen. This causes the displacement of carbon dioxide to plasma as venous blood enters the alveolus, vital for alveolar gas exchange in the lung.
In patients with lung disease, lungs may not be able to increase alveolar ventilation in the face of increased amounts of dissolved CO2. This partially explains the observation that some patients with emphysema might have an increase in PaCO2 (arterial dissolved carbon dioxide) following administration of supplemental oxygen.
ALSO: See Bohr effect. Both Haldane and Bohr effects, while not entirely related, are often lectured about together.
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