Gunbatsu
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Gunbatsu (Japanese: 軍閥; Gumbatsu, more phonetically) is a Japanese language term for the military establishment of Japan up to World War II. That is, it covers: the Imperial Japanese forces, which were divided into the Imperial Japanese Navy and Imperial Japanese Army, often with incompatible ideas; the military men who increasingly from the 1920s entered politics; some close allies tied by family connection or stakes in industries concerned with military procurement; and nationalist followers, supporters in security services, and more shadowy connections through the web of think tank and secret society organisations that grew up in the difficult economic climate of the 1920s and 1930s.
The political wings of the Navy and Army included the Toseiha, Kodaha and Kodoha factions.
Discussion of Japanese politics often used the triple stakeholder model of the three batsus. See also:
