Gruzinic

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gruzinic קיברולי Kivruli
Spoken in:	Georgia, Israel, Russia, Belgium, United States
Total speakers:	85,000
Language family:	(Caucasian — non-genetic) South Caucasian Georgian Gruzinic
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	none
ISO 639-2:	`cau`
ISO/FDIS 639-3:	`jge`
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key.

Gruzinic (also known as Kivruli and Judæo-Georgian) is the traditional language spoken by the Georgian Jews, the ancient Jewish community of the Caucasus nation of Georgia.

1 Relationship to other languages
2 Distribution
3 Status
4 Resources

[edit] Relationship to other languages

Gruzinic is the only South Caucasian (or Kartvelian) Jewish language. Its status as a distinct language from the Georgian language is the subject of some debate.

With the exception of a large number of Hebrew and Aramaic loanwords, the language is reportedly largely mutually intelligible with Georgian.

Gruzinic is regarded by some authorities (see [1]) as little more than a market jargon.

[edit] Distribution

Gruzinic has approximately 85,000 speakers. These include 20,000 speakers in Georgia (1995 est.), and about 59,800 speakers in Israel (2000 est.). The language has approximately 4,000 speakers in New York and undetermined numbers in other communities in Russia, Belgium, the United States and Canada.

[edit] Status

Gruzinic is, like many Jewish languages spoken in Israel, on the decline. Its status in Georgia itself is unchanged, except by the rapid decline in the size of the language community, due to emigration beginning in the 1970s, which has seen the departure of some 80% of the community. Authoritative studies of its continued use by other expatriate communities of Gruzinim have not been conducted.