Go of Balhae
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"Dae Joyeong", "Dae Jo-yeong", "Tae Choyŏng", or "Tae Cho-yŏng" redirects here. For the historical drama, see Dae Joyeong (drama).
| Go of Balhae | |
|---|---|
| Korean name | |
| Hangul: | 대조영 |
| Hanja: | 大祚榮 |
| McCune-Reischauer: | Tae Choyŏng |
| Revised Romanization: | Dae Jo-yeong |
| Chinese name | |
| Traditional Chinese: | 大祚榮 |
| Simplified Chinese: | 大祚荣 |
| Hanyu Pinyin: | Dà Zuòróng |
| Wade-Giles: | Ta Tso-jung |
Dae Jo-yeong, also known as King Go, established the state of Balhae, reigning from 699 to 719. He was of Goguryeo heredity.
Contents |
[edit] Background and Early life
Dae Joyeong(대조영) was the first son of Goguryeo general Geolgeol Jung-sang (乞乞仲象). After the fall of Goguryeo to the Silla-Tang armies, Geolgeol Jung-sang and his family were forced to move over into the Yinzhou province of the Tang Dynasty In the confusion of the Khitan uprising (led by 李盡忠 and 孫萬榮) against the Tang (Zhou) in May 696, Geolgeol Jung-sang and the Sumo Mohe leader Qisi Piyu (乞四比羽) sought independence. In spite of Empress Wu Zetian's appeasement policy, they fled eastward to their homeland.
[edit] Establishing the Empire
The Tang killed Qisi Piyu, and Geolgeol Jung-sang also died. Dae Jo-yeong integrated Goguryeo people under the two leaders and resisted the Tang's attack. His overwhelming victory over the Tang at the Battle of Cheonmun-ryeong (Hangul: 천문령, Hanja: 天門嶺) enabled him to establish his own Kingdom. He claimed himself the King of Jin in 699. He put his capital at Dongmo Mountain in the south of today's Jilin province.
He attempted to expand his influence in international politics involving the Tang, the Gokturks, the Khitan, Silla and some independent Mohe tribes. At first he dispatched an envoy to the Gokturks. Then he reconciled himself with the Tang when Emperor Zhongzong was restored to the throne. In 712, He renamed his empire, Balhae. In 713 he was given the titular title of "Prefecture King of Balhae" by Emperor Xuanzong. Upon reaching a period of rest within the empire, Emperor Go made it clear that Silla was not to be dealt with in a peaceful stance because they were the ones who received the help of the Tang to conquer Goguryeo, which was the predecessor state to Balhae. This aggressive stance toward Silla was continued on by his son and successor Emperor Mu of Balhae.
[edit] Death and Succession
Dae Joyoung died in 719 of natural cause, and his son Dae Mu-ye assumed the throne. Dae Jo-yeong was given the posthumous name "Emperor Go".
[edit] Controversial origins
The origin of Dae Joyeong is disputed. Koreans, Japanese and traditional Chinese historians claim that the founder Dae Joyeong was of Goguryeo-kind. The Old Book of the Tang says that he was “a variant kind of Goguryeo” (高麗別種), while the New Book of the Tang states that he is “from the Sumo Mohe region of the former realm of Goguryeo.”
[edit] Account describing origin as Korean
Old Book of the Tang described Dae Jo-yeong, the founder of Balhae, as a Goguryeo eccentric. He was the son of the Geolgeol Jung-sang, a leader of Goguryeo remnants. Under the control of Tang, they were urged to move with all of the people to Yingzhou (modern-day Chaoyang). Balhae soon gained control of most of the former Goguryeo territory. According to Japanese old records, The ruling class of Balhae consisted mostly of Goguryeo people. Balhae declared itself the successor to Goguryeo, and sometimes called itself Goryeoguk (state of Goryeo).
[edit] Republic of Korea Navy
The third KDX-II class destroyer commissioned by Republic of Korea Navy is named Dae Jo-yeong, part of the reason being that Dae Jo-yeong utilised his naval force to expand Balhae's territory. KDX-II class destroyers are named for significant figures in Korean history such as admiral Yi Sunsin.
[edit] Legacy
It is known that Emperor Go built a vast army and powerful navy just as his predecessors, the Emperors of Goguryeo, had done. The Bohai bay was named for Balhae, as the bay and that area had been under the possession of Balhae's great navy, which this great emperor has been given credit for building. Dae Joyoung is still remembered in the Republic of Korea and a television drama was launched during September of 2006 in his honor. Another legacy of Dae Joyoung is his descendants who continue to bear his name. The descendants of Dae Joyoung are the modern-day Koreans who bear the surname "Tae"(태). After the fall of Balhae, the last prince led all of the Balhae aristocracy into the fellow successor state of Goguryeo, Goryeo
| Preceded by None |
Emperor of Balhae (Balhae) 699–719 |
Succeeded by Dae Muye |
