Glucagon-like peptide-1

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is derived from the transcription product of the proglucagon gene. The major source of GLP-1 in the body is the intestinal L cell that secretes GLP-1 as a gut hormone. The biologically active forms of GLP-1 are: GLP-1-(7-37) and GLP-1-(7-36)NH2.

GLP-1 secretion by L cells is dependant on the presence of nutrients in the lumen of the small intestine. Lipids are the major secretagogue (an agent that causes or stimulates secretion) of this hormone. Once in circulation, GLP-1 has a half life of 5 minutes.

GLP-1 functions to decrease feed intake, to increase the expression of the insulin gene, and to increase secretion of insulin. As an incretin, GLP-1 increases insulin secretion from the pancreas in a glucose-dependent manner. In addition to this, GLP-1 also possesses several other physiological properties that make it a candidate for the potential treatment of diabetes mellitus.

[edit] Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	GLP1R
Entrez	2740
OMIM	138032
RefSeq	NM_002062
UniProt	P43220
Other data
Locus	Chr. 6 p21

The gene for GLP-1 receptor is on chromosome 6 and is known to be expressed in pancreatic beta cells.

[edit] See also

• Glucagon-like peptide-2
• type 2 diabetes
• exenatide

[edit] External links

• Overview at glucagon.com
• "Diabetes and Intestinal Incretin Hormones: A New Therapeutic Paradigm" at medscape.com (slide 36)
• MeSH D06.472.317.469.500.500
• Toft-Nielsen M, Madsbad S, Holst J (2001). "Determinants of the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetes.". J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86 (8): 3853-60. PMID 11502823.
• Meier J, Weyhe D, Michaely M, Senkal M, Zumtobel V, Nauck M, Holst J, Schmidt W, Gallwitz B (2004). "Intravenous glucagon-like peptide 1 normalizes blood glucose after major surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes.". Crit Care Med 32 (3): 848-51. PMID 15090972.